Designing an intervention program over the effects of Pilates on pregnancy outcomes among the pregnant women: A protocol study

Background: Pregnancy is a pleasure for most women, it is often considered as a stressful period with physiological, anatomical, biochemical, and psychological changes. Pilates exercise improved quality of life in women. Therefore, the present study targeted at designing an intervention program over the effects of Pilates on pregnancy outcomes among the pregnant women. Methods: In this protocol, a clinical intervention will be designed in three phases. In the first phase of the study, a researcher-made checklist will be used to evaluate the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes based on the literature review. In the second phase, an intervention program of Pilates exercise will be conducted according to different studies and viewpoints of a panel of reproductive health and physical activity specialists. The exercises will include two sessions of 30 minutes per week for 12 weeks conducted under the supervision of a qualified trainer. The third phase of the intervention will include the pre-test and post-test using a standard questionnaire and a researcher-made checklist for the two intervention groups and one control group. Discussions: The present study provides useful data regarding the design of a Pilates exercise intervention program for pregnant women with the aim of influencing pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, reducing depression, low back pain and improving maternal mental health. It can also reduce their medical and treatment costs. The strategies of this program could be important and cost effective, and therefore we hope that the success of such a program is a step forward in improving reproductive health status

The Relationship between Premenstrual Syndrome and Women’s Marital Satisfaction

Background & aim: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) includes different symptoms that appear periodically throughout the luteal phase of the menstrual period. The PMS has not been properly investigated as an influencing factor of marital satisfaction. Thus the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between PMS and its symptoms with women's marital satisfaction. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 246 women referred to health centers in Yazd, Iran. The data were collected through the Index of Marital Satisfaction and Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool and analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using the Chi-Square test. Results: According to the results, "somatic symptom disorders, such as breast pain, headache, muscle pain, arthritis, bloating, and weight gain" (%22.8) and "anger and irritability" (%21.5) obtained the highest frequency in terms of syndrome severity. With regard to the effect of symptoms on daily life, the strongest impact was on "the relationship with the family" (%10.6). The results showed that the levels of marital dissatisfaction among women with PMS (P=0.013) were higher, compared to the non-affected population. Conclusion: The severe symptoms of this syndrome disrupt family relationship leading to marital dissatisfaction. Therefore, the women and their families are required to receive the required training for better communication in this period

Self-Care Activities and Behavioral Intention toward Self-Care in Older Adults Suffering from Knee Osteoarthritis in Yazd, Iran

Introduction: Elderly patients suffer disproportionally from a number of chronically painful conditions, with arthritis leading the list. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder and the most prevalent cause of joint pain across the spectrum of middle age to elderly. Enhancing behavioral intention toward self-care for OA, previously known as proximal predictor of self-care, is one of the fundamental strategies to improve self-management. The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent a correlation between behavioral intention and self-care attempts exists and status of intention toward self-care and self-care behaviors among older adults who are suffering from OA in Yazd city, Iran.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and 87 elderly subjects (mean age of 64.59±3.72 year-old) referred to selected medical centers in Yazd were randomly included. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire designed for the study which includes demographic variables, behavioral intention, and self-care behaviors categories of items. Data were analyzed with SPSS18 using suitable statistical tests.  Results: The mean score of behavioral intention and self-care behaviors was 44.71±4.63 (range: 11-55) and 44.75±5.84 (range: 12-60) respectively. The results revealed that intention to use cane and swimming were less prevalent, intention to use suitable shoes, however, was at the highest interest among patients. It was approximately the same about reported self-care behaviors. The results also showed a significant correlation between behavioral intention and self-care behaviors (P=0.00). Conclusion: Despite demonstrably prevalent intention and self-care behaviors, there are varies self-care behaviors under-looked yet, such as swimming and using the cane, which need to be more closely addressed in educational programs

Investigating the Effect of Family-Work Conflict on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Tendency to Leave the Job in the Personnel of Social Security Hospitals in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in 2022

Introduction: Work-family conflict is a type of conflict between roles; the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of work-family conflict on musculoskeletal disorders and the tendency to leave job in the personnel of social security hospitals in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in 2022. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the statistical population is the medical personnel of the social security organization of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The sample size includes 141 people. In order to collect the data, standard questionnaires of Nordic musculoskeletal disorders, Carlson and Kakmar's work-family conflict questionnaire and Lahey's quit questionnaire were used. SPSS18 software and Pearson correlation and regression tests were used to analyze the data.. Results: The average score of musculoskeletal disorders was 2.53±0.53 and the average percentage of the maximum score was 64%, the average score of work-family conflict was 3.09±0.61 and the average percentage of the maximum score was 61.8%, and the average score of inclination to leave the service, 2.68±0.70 and the average percentage of the maximum score was 53.6%. There was a positive relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and family-work conflict (p0.001. The results of the regression test showed that the work-family conflict and musculoskeletal disorders have a significant relationship with controlling the mediator role of leaving service (p<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the results, it is necessary to take necessary measures and interventions to improve the situation of work conflicts among employees to prevent leaving job and musculoskeletal disorders

Readability and Suitability Evaluation of Educational Media Regarding Men\'s Secondhand Smoke on Pregnant Wives

Introduction: The tools for assessing the appropriateness of educational materials are measuring device. Suitability offers a systematic approach to objectively assessing the appropriateness of health information material for a specific audience. The present study is designed to evaluate the readability and suitability of educational media about regarding men's secondhand smoke (SHS) in the smoker men on their the exposure of pregnant wives. Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was done from October to December 2018 in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were in two groups. The first group of educational media audience consisted of 20 smokers with a pregnant wife. The second group was 15 people from the panel of experts. Written educational media (pamphlets) were evaluated. The readability of the material was measured by “readability assessment of materials” (RAM) and suitability was retrieved through “suitability assessment materials” (SAM).  The Gunning-Fog Index was used to assess the readability of the media and the cloze test was used to assess the educational level of the media. Descriptive indices were stated for all variables. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS18. Results: The readability mean score of the educational material was 16.60±1.34 for pamphlet, which was acceptable (score>10, P <0.001). Results showed the percentage points SAM score for the pamphlet was 85%. The educational material for media was “excellent” on the SAM rating. The score of the Gunning-Fog index for pamphlets was 9.6 and equivalent to the third grade of guidance was obtained. According to the evaluation by cloze test, pamphlet learning was assessed as an independent training without the need for a teacher. Conclusions: The printed materials were well-matched after evaluation by the RAM and the SAM checklist, the Gunning-Fog Index and the cloze test. They were consistent with the characteristics of smoker men

Designing, implementing and evaluating an educational program regarding the effects of second-hand smoke in pregnancy on the knowledge, attitude and performance of male smokers

Abstract Introduction Contact with second-hand cigarette smoke includes inhalation of cigarette smoke caused by the burning of the cigarette itself and inhalation of smoke exhaled by the smoker. Wife's pregnancy can be a motivating factor to change the behavior of men who smoke. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of designing, implementing and evaluating an educational program regarding the effects of second-hand smoke in pregnancy on the knowledge, attitude and performance of male smokers. Methodology The present study is an interventional type of pre-test and post-test. In this phase, sampling from health centers in Isfahan was done randomly between March and July 2019, the participants were 140 smoking spouses of pregnant women, who visited health centers to receive pregnancy care, and were divided into two intervention groups and control were divided. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on men's awareness, attitude and performance regarding second-hand smoke. All data were analyzed with SPSS18 software and Chi-score, Fisher, t-test. Results The average age of the participants was 34 years. There was no significant difference between the comparison of demographic variables in the intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). The results of the paired t-test for comparing before and after the training showed that the average score of the emotional dimension of attitude in the two groups of intervention (p < 0.001) and control (p < 0.001), awareness (p < 0.001) and behavior (p < 0.001) was significantly increased in the intervention group after the training, and according to the independent t-test, the average score of the items mentioned after the training in the intervention group was higher than the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding perceived sensitivity (p = 0.066) and perceived severity (p = 0.065), no significant difference was observed. Conclusion The awareness, emotional aspect of men's attitude and behavior regarding secondhand smoke increased, but the perceived sensitivity and severity in this regard was not significant despite the increase, so the current training package is effective in training, but considering more training sessions It is necessary with more concrete training with model or training videos in order to improve the sensitivity and perceived intensity of men. Trial registration: Registration of this randomized control trial has been completed with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20180722040555N1

Effect of Evening Primrose Oil on Postmenopausal Psychological Symptoms: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives: Psychological symptoms of menopause may impose a negative effect on the quality of life of menopausal women. Thus, the management of these symptoms can improve the quality of life and psychological health of such woman. The present study aimed to determine the effect of evening primrose on psychological symptoms in menopausal women. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, the effect of the evening primrose oil on postmenopausal psychological symptoms was investigated. The subjects were 100 menopausal women, referred to a healthcare center in Dastena city (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran), who were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group used two 1 g pearls of evening primrose oil daily. The study instruments included a sub-scale of Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Menopause data were analyzed using an independent t-test and Friedman test by the SPSS software. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The two groups were balanced in demographic characteristics and psychological disorder severity before the intervention. The median (interquartile range) MRS score in the intervention group before the intervention and 2 and 4 weeks after the intervention were 11 (10-12), 6 (5-7), and 3 (2-4), respectively, and in the placebo, they were 11 (9-11), 10 (9-11), and 11 (10-12). A significant reduction was observed in the intervention group compared with the placebo group 2 and 4 weeks post-intervention. Conclusion: The use of evening primrose oil can decrease postmenopausal psychological symptoms. Keywords: Evening primrose oil; Post-menopausal; Psychological

Evaluating Effect of Self-care Behavior Training as well as its Benefits and Barriers on the Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Introduction: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is regarded as one of the most prevalent diseases in all countries of the world. Self-care is one of the important aspects in treatment of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, self- care training demands to be taken into consideration in the patients' health programs in the hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of self-care behavior training as well as its benefits and barriers on patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 cases and 40 controls were selected out of hemodialysis patients via random sampling method in 2013, who were hospitalized in two hospitals of Imam Reza in Amol and Imam khomeini in Noor that are dependent on Mazandaran University of Medical sciences. The intervention group patients were trained in three sessions of 25-30 minutes. The study data were collected before and after the intervention using the questionnaires and interview. Moreover, SPSS software (ver.18) was applied to analyze the study data via using correlation coefficient, regression, Anova analysis and T-test. Results: After the training intervention, hemodialysis self-care scores as well as self-care benefits significantly increased, whereas the self-care constraints decreased significantly in the intervention group. However, the control group revealed no significant changes in regard with these variables. Conclusion: The study findings demonstrated that the training program implemented in this study improved the patients' self- care behaviors and created a positive perception of self- care benefits and barriers. As a result, doctors and nurses in dialysis wards, utilizing this training procedure, can play an effective role in improving the patients' self-care behaviors, promoting their health, as well as increasing their quality and length of life