PICA WITH AN UNUSUAL FORM OF PRESENTATION: A CASE REPORT

ABSTRACTGeophagia is a condition involving the consumption of mud and is a form of eating disorder known as pica. Pica is an unusual craving for ingestion ofeither edible or inedible substances. Although, pica is not linked to solvent abuse, here we report a middle aged lady with mud eating that respondedto selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and cognitive behavior therapy.Keywords: Pica, Geophagia, Mud eating

Multi-center validation study of automated classification of pathological slowing in adult scalp electroencephalograms via frequency features

Pathological slowing in the electroencephalogram (EEG) is widely investigated for the diagnosis of neurological disorders. Currently, the gold standard for slowing detection is the visual inspection of the EEG by experts, which is time-consuming and subjective. To address those issues, we propose three automated approaches to detect slowing in EEG: Threshold-based Detecting System (TDS), Shallow Learning-based Detecting System (SLDS), and Deep Learning-based Detecting System (DLDS). These systems are evaluated on channel-, segment- and EEG-level. The TDS, SLDS, and DLDS performs prediction via detecting slowing at individual channels, and those detections are arranged in histograms for detection of slowing at the segment- and EEG-level. We evaluate the systems through Leave-One-Subject-Out (LOSO) cross-validation (CV) and Leave-One-Institution-Out (LOIO) CV on four datasets from the US, Singapore, and India. The DLDS achieved the best overall results: LOIO CV mean balanced accuracy (BAC) of 71.9%, 75.5%, and 82.0% at channel-, segment- and EEG-level, and LOSO CV mean BAC of 73.6%, 77.2%, and 81.8% at channel-, segment-, and EEG-level. The channel- and segment-level performance is comparable to the intra-rater agreement (IRA) of an expert of 72.4% and 82%. The DLDS can process a 30-minutes EEG in 4 seconds and can be deployed to assist clinicians in interpreting EEGs.Comment: 24 pages. For submission to International Journal of Neural Systems (IJNS

Vision, challenges and opportunities for a Plant Cell Atlas

With growing populations and pressing environmental problems, future economies will be increasingly plant-based. Now is the time to reimagine plant science as a critical component of fundamental science, agriculture, environmental stewardship, energy, technology and healthcare. This effort requires a conceptual and technological framework to identify and map all cell types, and to comprehensively annotate the localization and organization of molecules at cellular and tissue levels. This framework, called the Plant Cell Atlas (PCA), will be critical for understanding and engineering plant development, physiology and environmental responses. A workshop was convened to discuss the purpose and utility of such an initiative, resulting in a roadmap that acknowledges the current knowledge gaps and technical challenges, and underscores how the PCA initiative can help to overcome them.</jats:p

Risperidone-induced Enuresis in a 12-year-old Child

Risperidone has been documented to be effective in the management of behavior problems, aggression, and conduct disorder in children. While metabolic side effects like weight gain and obesity have been attributed to Risperidone use in children, side effects of the drug related to the urinary bladder are rare. We present a case of Risperidone-induced enuresis in a 12-year-old boy with conduct disorder that resolved completely after stopping the medication

Suicide among Health Care Professionals&mdash;An Indian Perspective

Suicide is a global phenomenon that claims a person&rsquo;s life every 40 s. The suicide-mortality rate in India is higher than the worldwide average for health care professionals (HCP). The treatment gap for mental health care is alarming, more than 80% in India which has improved compared to a decade. Among the methods chosen by HCPs for dying by suicide, violent suicide methods are more common. Hanging is the most common means, followed by lethal injection and jumping from a building. Among the medical students and professionals in India, academic stress is the leading cause of suicides, followed by mental illness and harassment. Stressfully long working hours, starvation for long hours, inadequate diet, sleep deprivation, inadequate rest, high levels of personal expectations, knowledge of lethal suicide methods, easy access to potentially fatal drugs, apathy, and fearlessness towards death are some of the contributing factors. Primary preventive measures to minimize suicides in HCPs would be to conduct stress-management workshops at an institutional level, routine mental health check-ups in healthcare institutions, mental-health screening for students enrolling into healthcare courses, and prompt referrals to mental healthcare facilities. In addition, telehealth services or mental health services for medical professionals of India are the need of the hour

Sleep deprivation delirium

Chronic sleep deprivation is an important predisposing factor causing delirium. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old male who presented with altered mental status and behavioral change following chronic sleep deprivation. There was no epileptic activity, no other psychiatric diseases or comorbidity, and no organic cause was determinable. The patient was discharged with counseling without any medications

Preferred Pharmaceutical Formulations by Patients Suffering from Sexual Dysfunction Visiting Psychiatry Out Patient Department in an Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Sexual Dysfunctions are increasing day by day. Various formulations are available for the treatment of same. There has been psychological mind-set amongst Indian patients to have powdered medicines for the sexual dysfunction management. Aims: To analyse the preferred formulation by the patients for the treatment sexual dysfunction. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was undertaken from January 2018 – January 2019 in Psychiatry OPD of a tertiary care teaching institute after approval from Institutional Ethics Committee. A semi structured questionnaire was made collecting information on demographic details and preferred pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of sexual dysfunctions. Results: Out of 164 participants who were analysed, the most common age group having sexual dysfunctions was found to be 21-30 years (44%). Patients preferred Ayurvedic form of treatment (38.41%) over Allopathic (23.17%). Patients were in favour of SOS medications (51.83%) than day or night doses. Majority of the patients wanted drugs in tablet form (67.07%), in monthly doses (43.9%), of white colour (39.02%), along with water (54.88%) and at less than Rs.100 per strip (67.07%). Conclusions: Majority of the patients prefer Ayurvedic form of treatment and SOS, on monthly basis, white coloured tablets, taken with water at affordable prices. These factors need to be kept in mind while formulating new drugs and guidelines to ensure better compliance