Adipokines and obesity are associated with colorectal polyps in adult males: a cross-sectional study.

Obesity increases the risk of colon cancer. It is also known that most colorectal cancers develop from adenomatous polyps. However, the effects of obesity and adipokines on colonic polyp formation are unknown.To determine if BMI, waist circumference or adipokines are associated with colon polyps in males, 126 asymptomatic men (48-65 yr) were recruited at time of colonoscopy, and anthropometric measures as well as blood were collected. Odds ratios were determined using polytomous logistic regression for polyp number (0 or ≥3) and polyp type (no polyp, hyperplastic polyp, tubular adenoma).41% of the men in our study were obese (BMI ≥30). The odds of an obese individual having ≥3 polyps was 6.5 (CI: 1.3-33.0) times greater than those of a lean (BMI<25) individual. Additionally, relative to lean individuals, obese individuals were 7.8 (CI: 2.0-30.8) times more likely to have a tubular adenoma than no polyp. As BMI category increased, participants were 2.9 (CI: 1.5-5.4) times more likely to have a tubular adenoma than no polyps. Serum leptin, IP-10 and TNF-α were significantly associated with tubular adenoma presence. Serum leptin and IP-10 were significantly associated with increased likelihood of ≥3 polyps, and TNF-α showed a trend (p = 0.09).Obese men are more likely to have at least three polyps and adenomas. This cross-sectional study provides evidence that colonoscopy should be recommended for obese, white males

Cross-sectional analysis of obesity and serum analytes in males identifies sRAGE as a novel biomarker inversely associated with diverticulosis.

Diverticulosis can lead to diverticulitis, a colon condition involving inflammation and other complications. Diverticulosis can result from biological, behavioral, or genetic causes. However, the etiology of diverticulosis is unknown. Although diet is associated with diverticulosis, recent studies suggest other factors influence risk. We sought to identify anthropometric or serum markers that were associated with the presence of diverticulosis. To determine these associations, 126 asymptomatic men (48-65 yr) were recruited at the time of preventative screening colonoscopy. Anthropometric measures were taken, and blood was collected for serum protein analysis. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and factor analysis. Obese individuals (BMI >30) were 7.8 (CI: 2.3-26.3) times more likely than normal weight (BMI 45 inches were 8.1 (CI: 2.8-23.8) times more likely to have diverticulosis than those with a waist circumference <38 inches. Leptin was also positively associated with diverticulosis (OR = 5.5, CI: 2.0-14.7). Both low molecular weight adiponectin (LMW, OR = 0.50; CI: 0.3-0.8) and the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE, OR = 0.4, CI: 0.3-0.7) were inversely related to the presence of diverticulosis. sRAGE levels were not correlated with leptin or C-peptide concentrations. The pattern of high BMI, waist circumference, leptin and C-peptide increased the odds of diverticulosis while the pattern of high levels of sRAGE and LMW adiponectin decreased the odds of diverticulosis. Associations between diverticulosis and anthropometric or serum markers may elucidate the origins of diverticulosis and may enable physicians to identify individuals at risk for diverticulitis

Association of serum adipokine tertiles with the presence of a hyperplastic polyp.

<p>Note: Model is adjusted for age and ever/never smoked.</p

Pearson correlation coefficients.

<p>Note: The top number is the Pearson correlation coefficient. The P values are shown under the correlation coefficient.</p

sRAGE is inversely related to the presence of diverticulosis.

<p>Males with serum sRAGE concentrations between 94.5 and 120.4/ml were 0.5 (CI: 0.2–1.2) less likely to have diverticulosis, and males with sRAGE concentrations above 120.4 pg/ml were 0.2 (CI: 0.08–0.5) times less likely to have diverticulosis than those with sRAGE concentrations below 94.5 pg/ml. For each tertile increase in serum sRAGE, the odds of having diverticulosis decreased by 0.4 (CI: 0.3–0.7) times.</p

Association of BMI with the presence or severity of polyps in the proximal^† or distal^†† colon.

<p>Note: Model is adjusted for age and ever/never smoked.</p><p>Proximal (right) colon included: cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon</p><p>Distal (left) colon included: descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum</p

Association of biomarker patterns with diverticulosis.

<p>Association of biomarker patterns with diverticulosis.</p

Association of serum adipokine tertiles with the presence of a tubular adenoma.

<p>Note: Model is adjusted for age and ever/never smoked.</p

BMI is associated with polyp number (A) as well as the presence of tubular adenoma (B).

<p>A, Compared to lean males, obese males (BMI ≥30) are 6.5 times more likely to have ≥3 polyps. In addition, for each category increase in BMI, a man is 2.5 times more likely to have ≥3 polyps than no polyps. B, Compared to lean males, obese males are 7.8 times more likely to have a tubular adenoma. For each category increase in BMI, a man is 2.9 times more likely to have a tubular adenoma. The model was adjusted for age and smoking status (ever/never).</p

Participant^† Characteristics.

<p>All participants (n = 126) were male, >96% Caucasian</p><p>Reported as mean (range)</p