Exploring the convergence between religious beliefs with psychological distress in medical students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2014

Introduction: The main purpose of psychological health is to prevent worries and to maintain psychological health. Strengthening religious beliefs at all stages of life is a preventive action in order to reduce psychological disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the consistency between the religious beliefs and psychological distress in medical students in Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.Method: This analytical study was carried out on 751 students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2014. Data collection was performed by religious beliefs questionnaire and psychological distress questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics.Results: Results showed that there was no significant consistency between religious attitudes of students with severity indicators of psychological distress, stress (0.128), anxiety (0.726) and depression (0.128).Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that there was an inverse relationship between religious attitudes of students with psychological distress.As a result, it is suggested that a spirituality-based care program can reduce the students’ psychological distress.Keywords: Religious beliefs, psychological distress, medical student

Evaluation of perfectionism and its relationship with hardiness and mental health in students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: perfectionism has both positive and negative dimensions. Each dimension is associated with different aspects of human psychology. The present study aimed to investigate perfectionism and its relationship with hardiness and mental health in students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which aimed to evaluate perfectionism (positive and negative) and its relationship with hardiness and mental health in students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2013. The statistical population consisted of 200 students. Data collection tools were three questionnaires or perfectionism, hardiness and mental health. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistical tests (frequency, mean and standard deviation), SPSS 11, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and nonparametric tests at p<0.05 significance level.Findings: the results showed a significant correlation between positive perfectionism and hardiness (r = 0.3 and p = 0.02). There was no significant difference between scores of perfectionism (positive and negative), mental health and hardiness based on field of study of the students.Conclusion: it is recommended to implement useful programs in order to strengthen positive perfectionism among students.Keywords: perfectionism, hardiness, mental health, medical student

Exploring Jahrom Medical University students' attitudes towards the Islamic self-evaluation in 2015

Introduction: Self- evaluation is the process of designing, building and maintaining human behaviors that can lead to maturity and perfection. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine Jahrom Medical University students' attitudes towards the Islamic self-assessment in 2015.Method: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out on the students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Using purposive sampling, 223 samples were selected.Collection tool was Islamic self-assessment questionnaire in the form of 20 items based on the Likert scale consisting stipulation, calculating, meditation and expostulation. Data analysis was performed using statistical software SPSS 11 and paired T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation.Results: 223 students participated in this cross-sectional and descriptive study.68.2% were female and the rest were male. Their average age was 2.18 ± 20.4 in the range of 15 to 45 years.28.7 percent of students were medical field and 27.8 percent from the field of Anesthesiology.71.3% were undergraduates. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant correlation between the components of Islamic selfevaluation (stipulation, calculating, meditation, expostulation) and Islamic self-evaluation (P-value <0.05).Conclusion: The students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences are in relatively good condition in terms of the four stages of Islamic self-evaluation.Keywords: Islamic self-evaluation, students, Jahrom University of Medical Science

The knowledge and the use of psychological skills of anger management skills at the bedside by the physicians and nurses of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2013

Although all individuals could be exposed to the outburst of anger, a group of them are more at risk than others because of the nature of their work and responsibilities, that the physicians and nurses are placed in this group. In the field of psychology, different skills such as social protection systems, problem-solving skills, self-relaxation system, use of humor skills and communication and negotiation skills have been proposed to control anger. Given the importance of anger management in the prevention of job violence in the health environment and its impact on psychological health of psychiatrists and nurses and also the lack of information and research on the topic, this study aimed to study the knowledge and the use of psychological skills of anger management at the bedside by the physicians and nurses of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.Methodology: This study is a cross-sectional and descriptive research, its studied sample included 259 general practitioners, specialists and nurses working in two general hospitals affiliated to Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. They were included in the study by the census method. The data was collected by the self-report method and two researcher-made questionnaires: a questionnaire of the knowledge of the psychological skills of anger management and a questionnaire of the use of anger management skills at the bedside and their validity (face and content) and reliability were examined before performing the research. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics (mean, frequency, percentage) using SPSS software.Results: The mean of the knowledge of the physicians and nurses of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences from the psychological skills of anger management was 30.2 (standard deviation is equal to 1.53) that based on the classification of the scores of related questionnaire, it was at a good level. Also, the results showed that the mean of the use of psychological skills of anger management at the bedside by the physicians and nurses working in Jahrom University of Medical Sciences was 39.54 (standard deviation is equal to 1.28) that based on the classification of the scores of related questionnaire, it was at a good level.Conclusion: According to the results, the knowledge and the use of psychological skills of anger management skills at the bedside by the physicians and nurses of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences were at the desired level, however, it is proposed to use other evaluation and assessment methods which have no limitations of self-report method in future studies.Keywords: anger management skill, nurses, physician

Comparison of complications of spinal and general anesthasia in percutaneous kidney stone removal

While the complications of spinal anesthesia are much less than general anesthesia, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is still performed under general anesthesia in most centers. Therefore, in this study spinal anesthesia is compared with general anesthesia in patients undergoing PCNL. This research was a double-blind clinical trial study which was conducted on 130 patients with inclusion criteria. Patients were nonrandomly assigned into two general anesthesia (n=65) and spinal anesthesia (n=65) groups and underwent PCNL surgery.In group A, patients were given intravenously midazolam (2 mg), fentanyl (100 μg), atracurium (0.5 mg/kg), propofol (2 mg/kg) and morphine (10 mg) and then were incubated. In group B, Marcaine 0.5% (15 mg) was injected into the L3-L4 or L4-L5 lumbar spinal space in a sitting position. Patient’s blood pressure was measured and recorded at various times and in recovery as well as in the surgery room. Intra-operative bleeding, pain in the surgery area, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath and sore throat were recorded for the two groups in the ward and during hospitalization.Changes of blood pressure were the same in both groups. In the general anesthesia group, intra-operative bleeding, pain at the site of the surgery, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath and sore throat and duration of hospitalization were significantly higher. Changes in other tests were equal in both groups. Spinal anesthesia might be a safer method than general anesthesia for PCNL surgery.Keywords: Complication, Spinal Anesthesia, General Anesthesia, Kidney Stone Removal, Percutaneou

Comparison of the antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents in some Stachys species

The methanolic extracts of the aerial parts of nine Stachys species: S. persica Gmel., S. fruticulosa M. B., S. laxa Boiss. & Buhse., S. inflata Benth., S. turcomanica Trautv., S. subaphylla Rech. F., S. setiferaC. A. Mey., S. byzantina C. Koch and S. trinervis Aitch. & Hemsl. were investigated for their antioxidant activity and total phenolic content using FRAP and Folin-Ciocalteu assays respectively. S. persica Gmel. and S. fruticulosa M. B. had the highest antioxidant activity (61.42 and 62.02 mmol FeII/100g) and total phenolic content (3294.96 and 4450.36 mg gallic acid/100 g) among these nine species. There was a direct correlation between total phenol and antioxidant activity (R2 = 0.9446, p 0.001) which indicates that polyphenols are the main antioxidants

Detection of Colicin genes by PCR in Escherichia coli isolated from cattle in Shiraz-Iran Tahamtan 1

ABSTRACT A variety of probiotic bacteria have been tested to control animal and foodborne pathogenic bacteria in livestock. The mechanism of inhibition of pathogenic bacteria for several of those probiotic microorganisms is mediated by the production of bacteriocins. Colicins are probably the group of bacteriocins that have been most thoroughly characterized. Colicins are antimicrobial proteins produced by one strains of Escherichia coli to suppress the growth of other strains of E.coli. The present study indicated the preparation of colicin from colicinogenic bacteria. A total of three hundred rectal and rumen swabs isolated from health and diarrheic calves located in Fars province feces. One hundred and fifteen strains were confirmed as E.coli by biochemical test. Polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the following genes encoding colicins. Nearly 100% of isolates were contained at least one gene of colicin. The frequency of several classes of colicin was determined. As a result the most detected gene was Ia Ib and the least detected gene was A.N.S 4 . Colicin should be tested to control animal and foodborne pathogenic bacteria in livestock

Exploring Functional β-Cell Heterogeneity In Vivo Using PSA-NCAM as a Specific Marker

BACKGROUND:The mass of pancreatic beta-cells varies according to increases in insulin demand. It is hypothesized that functionally heterogeneous beta-cell subpopulations take part in this process. Here we characterized two functionally distinct groups of beta-cells and investigated their physiological relevance in increased insulin demand conditions in rats. METHODS:Two rat beta-cell populations were sorted by FACS according to their PSA-NCAM surface expression, i.e. beta(high) and beta(low)-cells. Insulin release, Ca(2+) movements, ATP and cAMP contents in response to various secretagogues were analyzed. Gene expression profiles and exocytosis machinery were also investigated. In a second part, beta(high) and beta(low)-cell distribution and functionality were investigated in animal models with decreased or increased beta-cell function: the Zucker Diabetic Fatty rat and the 48 h glucose-infused rat. RESULTS:We show that beta-cells are heterogeneous for PSA-NCAM in rat pancreas. Unlike beta(low)-cells, beta(high)-cells express functional beta-cell markers and are highly responsive to various insulin secretagogues. Whereas beta(low)-cells represent the main population in diabetic pancreas, an increase in beta(high)-cells is associated with gain of function that follows sustained glucose overload. CONCLUSION:Our data show that a functional heterogeneity of beta-cells, assessed by PSA-NCAM surface expression, exists in vivo. These findings pinpoint new target populations involved in endocrine pancreas plasticity and in beta-cell defects in type 2 diabetes