Studies examining social stressors and cardiometabolic biomarkers in youth, January 2001 through March 2012.

a<p>Age at baseline outcome measurement;^b Only significant findings are reported; describes adjusted model findings, if provided (e.g., control variables of age, sex, race/ethnicity). ^d The strength of the evidence was evaluated based on four components of each study's methodology, including study design, sample size, covariates, and exposure measures. LDL = Low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL = High density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG = Triglycerides; TC = Total cholesterol; Apo = Apolipoprotein; WC = Waist circumference; WHR = Waist-hip ratio.</p

Studies examining socioeconomic status and cardiometabolic biomarkers in youth, January 2001 through January 2013.

a<p>Age at baseline outcome measurement;^b Refers to parent SES status; ^c Only significant findings are reported; describes adjusted model findings, if provided (e.g., control variables of age, sex, race/ethnicity). ^d The strength of the evidence was evaluated based on four components of each study's methodology, including study design, sample size, covariates, and exposure measures. LDL = Low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL = High density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG = Triglycerides; TC = Total cholesterol; Apo = Apolipoprotein; WC = Waist circumference; WHR = Waist-hip ratio; ALSPAC = Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.</p

Difference in 3-year height outcomes among children exposed versus not exposed to antenatal depression, using 2 alternate cut-off values for the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).

<p>Model 1 covariates: child sex and age at 3-year assessment.</p><p>Model 2: Model 1+ maternal: age, race/ethnicity, household income, height, pregnancy weight gain.</p><p>Model 3: Model 2+ gestational age at birth and birthweight for gestational age z-value.</p><p>Model 4: Model 3+ postpartum depression.</p><p>Model 5: Model 4+ breastfeeding duration and age of introduction of solid foods (n = 869).</p><p>Data from 872 mother-child pairs participating in Project Viva.</p

Difference in 3-year height outcomes among children exposed versus not exposed to postpartum depression.

<p>Model 1 covariates: child sex and age at 3-year assessment.</p><p>Model 2: Model 1+ maternal: age, race/ethnicity, household income, height, pregnancy weight gain.</p><p>Model 3: Model 2+ gestational age at birth and birthweight for gestational age z-value.</p><p>Model 4: Model 3+ breastfeeding duration and age of introduction of solid foods (n = 869).</p><p>Data from 872 mother-child pairs participating in Project Viva.</p

Estimated longitudinal association of postpartum depression with child height-for-age z-score (HAZ).

<p>Data from 872 mother-infant pairs participating in Project Viva. Multivariable regression estimates adjusted for maternal: age, race/ethnicity, household income, height, and weight gain during pregnancy and child: sex, gestational age, and birthweight for gestational age z-score. Bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Exposed to postpartum depression (dotted line), not exposed to postpartum depression (solid line).</p

Multilevel OLS Regression Coefficients, Standard Errors and P-values for Models of Effects of Caregiver and Neighborhood Characteristics on the <i>Level</i> of Parental Support.

<p>Multilevel OLS Regression Coefficients, Standard Errors and P-values for Models of Effects of Caregiver and Neighborhood Characteristics on the <i>Level</i> of Parental Support.</p

Forest plot of <i>5-HTTLPR</i> biallelic dominant model (<i>S</i>+ vs <i>LL</i>) and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

<p>Forest plot of <i>5-HTTLPR</i> biallelic dominant model (<i>S</i>+ vs <i>LL</i>) and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).</p

Variance Parameter Estimates for Change in Parental Caregiver Perceived Social Support.

A<p>Intra-class correlation coefficient, proportion of the unexplained variation in parental caregiver perceived social support attributable to the neighborhood level.</p>∼<p>p<.10,</p>*<p>p<.05,</p>**<p>p<.01,</p>***<p>p<.001.</p

Variance Parameter Estimates for Baseline Parental Caregiver Perceived Social Support.

A<p>Intra-class correlation coefficient, proportion of the unexplained variation in parental caregiver perceived social support attributable to the neighborhood level.</p>∼<p>p<.10,</p>*<p>p<.05,</p>**<p>p<.01,</p>***<p>p<.001.</p

Items Measuring Caregiver Perceived Friend Social Support.

A<p>Items not included in Wave 3 social support measure, therefore excluded from construction of final measure.</p