Enterotomia para retirada de fecaloma com evolução de 2 anos: relato de caso

Fecaloma or fecolyte refers to the accumulation of feces that become dry, compacted and retained inside the large intestine where they dehydrate and solidify, leading to intestinal constipation. Its etiology is quite heterogeneous, ranging from infections and intestinal tumors, inadequate water consumption, dehydration, unbalanced diet or ingestion of foreign materials. For the treatment, it is possible to perform drug therapy in order to lubricate the intestinal contents and allow it to be moved to the final portion of the rectum and finally expelled from the organism or, depending on the case, surgical intervention is chosen. In this study, a case of fecaloma treated with enterotomy in Fortaleza will be reported.Fecaloma ou fecólito refere-se ao acúmulo de fezes que ficam secas, compactadas e retidas no intestino grosso onde desidratam e solidificam, levando à constipação intestinal. Sua etiologia é bastante heterogênea, variando desde infecções e tumores intestinais, consumo inadequado de água, desidratação, alimentação desequilibrada ou ingestão de materiais estranhos. Para o tratamento, é possível realizar terapia medicamentosa com o objetivo de lubrificar o conteúdo intestinal e permitir que ele seja deslocado até a porção final do reto e finalmente expelido do organismo ou, dependendo do caso, opta-se pela intervenção cirúrgica. Neste estudo será relatado um caso d

Study of the heart rate variability in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome submitted to rhinoplasty surgery

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the HRV in the brachycephalic races, before and after surgical correction of the stenosis of the nostrils, by means of prolonged electrocardiography, observing the excess of the parasympathetic stimulation regarding the occurrence of bradyarrhythmias and their clinical consequences, and possibility of improvement of the autonomic balancing after the treatment, increasing the quality and life expectancy of these patients. Sixteen dogs with nostril stenosis were included, where the analysis and progression of the HRC findings at different moments before the surgical procedure (day 0) and after the procedure were performed in two moments, 30 and 60 days. The technique of alavestibulplasty was performed and HRV analysis was recorded by means of prolonged electrocardiography. For this examination, the indexes were analyzed in the time domain. Regarding the clinical findings, there was an improvement in the evaluation of the heart and respiratory rate, as well as a reduction in parasympathetic activity, as shown in the bradyarrhythmias. Regarding the HRV indexes in the time domain, rMSSD and SDNN associated with mean heart rate findings, have brought strong indications that the reduction of parasympathetic stimulation is related to the reduction of HRV in these animals. The rMSSD is the HRV index in the domain of the time that early changed can be used as indicator of the increase of the parasympathetic activity caused by the Brachycephalic Syndrom

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS ALTERAÇÕES MORFOLÓGICAS EM RINS DE CÃES SOROPOSITIVOS PARA LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) is a severe chronic disease that affects dogs and the human being, causing lesions in several organs, for example, liver and kidneys. Abnormalities of renal function lead to an increasing concentration of urea, creatinine, and other non-protein nitrogen compounds in the bloodstream, resulting in azotemia. In this scientific article, 20 adult dogs from the Center for Zoonoses Control (CCZ) in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, were positive to LVC by indirect immunofluorescence reaction (RIFI) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Blood and urine samples were collected from the animals for serum creatinine dosage and urinalysis, respectively. After euthanasia, both kidneys were removed and processed for conventional histopathological analysis. In the urinalysis, proteinuria, cylindrury and bacteriuria were observed. Histopathological analysis revealed a discreet interstitial fibrosis in 35% (7/20) of the samples, multifocal glomerulosclerosis and chronic lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis in 20% (4/20) of the total kidneys evaluated. Such histopathological lesions and alterations in the sedimentation are compatible with what has been described in the literature for dogs with LVC. However, a higher percentage of dogs in stage I, according to International Renal Interest Society (IRIS), it demonstrated that histopathological changes were not followed by large changes in creatinine values Serum. The objective of the present paper was to study and characterize the main renal lesions through urinalysis and histopathology in dogs seropositive to Leishmania spp. and staging the chronic renal disease by serum creatinine.A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) é uma doença crônica grave, que acomete, principalmente, os cães e também o ser humano, provocando lesões em vários órgãos, por exemplo, fígado e rins. As anormalidades da função renal levam ao aumento da concentração de ureia, creatinina e outros compostos nitrogenados não proteicos na corrente sanguínea, resultando em um quadro de azotemia. Nesse trabalho, foram utilizados 20 cães adultos positivos para LVC, mediante reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), provenientes do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses – CCZ da cidade de Fortaleza - Ceará. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue e urina dos animais, para dosagem de creatinina sérica e realização da urinálise, respectivamente. Após o óbito, ambos os rins foram retirados e processados para o exame histopatológico convencional. Na urinálise, foram observadas, principalmente, proteinúria, cilindrúria e bacteriúria. O exame histopatológico revelou fibrose intersticial discreta em 35% (7/20) das amostras, glomeruloesclerose multifocal e nefrite intersticial linfoplasmocitária crônica em 20% (4/20) do total de rins avaliados. Tais lesões histopatológicas renais e alterações na sedimentoscopia são compatíveis com o que tem sido descrito na literatura para cães portadores de LVC. Contudo, a maior porcentagem de cães em estádio I, de acordo com a International Renal Interest Society (IRIS), demonstrou que as alterações histopatológicas renais não foram seguidas por grandes mudanças nos valores de creatinina sérica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar e caracterizar as principais lesões renais, através de urinálise e histopatológicas em cães soropositivos para Leishmania spp e estabelecer o estadiamento da doença renal crônica, mediante dosagem de creatinina sérica

Evaluation of the right ventricular function in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome before and after rhinoplasty

Brachycephalic dogs are usually affected by primary and secondary anatomical changes in the airways that contribute to the brachycephalic syndrome. Chronically, these changes contribute to an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and right cardiac overload (cor pulmonale). The right cardiac function in 17 dogs with brachycephalic syndrome was assessed using echocardiography before, and at 30 and 60 days after rhinoplasty. The maximum pulmonary systolic flow velocity, the pressure gradient between the AP and RV (GrFP), the right ventricular systolic function (tricuspid ring systolic excursion (TAPSE), the variation of the right ventricular area (FAC), the velocity of the systolic displacement of the right ventricular myocardium (S’) by tissue Doppler) and right ventricular diastolic function (transtricuspid flow and the relationship between the E and A waves, evaluation of the E’ and A’ waves using tissue Doppler of the free wall of the right ventricle) were evaluated. The right ventricular fractional area, velocity, and pressure gradient of pulmonary arterial flow showed the best sensitivity in these analyses. The present study reinforces the concept that obstructions in the anterior airways contribute to pulmonary hypoxia. However, the correction of these obstructions proved to be beneficial in the reduction of right heart overload