Increasing the density of nanomedicines improves their ultrasound-mediated delivery to tumours

AbstractNanomedicines have provided fresh impetus in the fight against cancer due to their selectivity and power. However, these agents are limited when delivered intravenously due to their rapid clearance from the bloodstream and poor passage from the bloodstream into target tumours. Here we describe a novel stealthing strategy which addresses both these limitations and thereby demonstrate that both the passive and mechanically-mediated tumour accumulation of the model nanomedicine adenovirus (Ad) can be substantially enhanced. In our strategy gold nanoparticles were thoroughly modified with 2kDa polyethyleneglycol (PEG) and then linked to Ad via a single reduction-cleavable 5kDa PEG. The resulting Ad–gold–PEG construct was compared to non-modified Ad or conventionally stealthed Ad–poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] (Ad–PHPMA). Notably, although Ad–gold–PEG was of similar size and surface charge to Ad–PHPMA the increase in density, resulting from the inclusion of the gold nanoparticles, provided a substantial enhancement of ultrasound-mediated transport. In an in vitro tumour mimicking phantom, the level and distance of Ad–gold–PEG transport was shown to be substantially greater than achieved with Ad–PHPMA. In in vivo studies 0.1% of an unmodified Ad dose was shown to accumulate in tumours, whereas over 12% of the injected dose was recovered from the tumours of mice treated with Ad–gold–PEG and ultrasound. Ultimately, a significant increase in anti-tumour efficacy resulted from this strategy. This stealthing and density-increasing technology could ultimately enhance clinical utility of intravenously delivered nanoscale medicines including viruses, liposomes and antibodies

Модель смешанного обучения в преподавании дисциплины "Методы получения чистых веществ"

Данная работа посвящена использованию модели смешанного обучения в преподавании дисциплины "Методы получения чистых веществ" на английском языке. Исследовались элементы смешанного обучения, стратегия организации образовательного процесса, план учебной деятельности. Подробно описаны виды учебной деятельности и подобраны формы организации процесса. Для каждого вида деятельности определены уровни таксономии Блума. Показаны преимущества модели смешанного обучения в преподавании лабораторных работ для студентов инженерной специальности

Program a sborník souhrnů

Proceedings of the 43th Microsymposium of Prague Meetings on Macromolecules, covering various aspects of incorporation of biomimetic structures in synthetic polymers and their surfaces, new advanced biomaterials for biology and medicine. and, vice versa, unique polymers and materials produced using bioanalogous processes and biosynthetic pathways

Applied and targeted research in the Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR

An outline applied and targeted research in IMC AC CR is given, together with brief description of some of the current research projects

Polymers 2002

Abstracts of lectures and posters

Electrical and Related Properties of Polymers and Other Organic Solids

Abstracts of lectures and posters from the field of molecular and polymeric materials with emphasis on their electrical, photoelectrical and optical phenomena

Polymer-solvent complexes and intercalates

Polymer-solvent interactions in solutions, gels, solids and interfaces. Structure phase transitions, rheology, dynamics and applications. Abstracts of lectures and posters

Programme and Abstract Booklet

Proceedings of the 22th Discussion Conference of Prague Meetings on Macromolecules, covering various aspects of detection and evaluation of order emerging in systems of synthetic and natural macromolecules in bulk or solution on various scales accessible to molecular spectroscopy