The effect of corrective exercises on musculoskeletal disorders of Khoramabad workers

زمینه و هدف: با توجه به لزوم شناخت اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی در کارگران به منظور ارتقاء سلامت آنان به عنوان بخش عظیمی از سرمایه کاری کشور و کمبود مطالعه در زمینه ارائه راهکار برای بهبود این اختلالات، مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی تأثیر تمرینات ورزشی اصلاحی بر اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی کارگران در شهر خرم‌آباد در سال 1391، انجام شد. روش بررسی: مطالعه حاضر پژوهشی نیمه تجربی است، جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه کارگران مرد مرکز صنعتی شماره 1 و 2 شهر خرم‌ آباد بود. 320 نفر در ارزیابی اولیه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند که 196 نفر با توجه به معیارهای ورود به مطالعه، شرایط مطالعه را داشته و به پرسشنامه پاسخ دادند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه استاندارد بررسی اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی نوردیک بود. برنامه اصلاح اختلالات با توجه به موارد شناسایی شده (113 مورد) توسط کارشناس تربیت بدنی اجرا شد. تمرینات اصلاحی به صورت کششی و تقویتی در 24 جلسه به مدت 8 هفته انجام شد. یافته‌ها: 113 نفر سابقه درد و ناراحتی در اندام و اعضاء اسکلتی عضلانی خود داشتند و هیچ‌گونه سابقه قبلی بیماری نداشتند. 58 کارگران حداقل در یکی از نواحی نه‌ گانه مورد بررسی بدن دچار اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی بودند که بیشترین شیوع در ناحیه کمر (6/31)، گردن (8/19) شانه (5/29) و زانو (8/17) بود. پس از مداخله کاهش معنی ‌داری (05/0˂P) در مشکلات تمامی نواحی نه ‌گانه دیده شد. نتیجه‌گیری: تمرینات اصلاحی باعث کاهش درد و مشکلات اسکلتی- عضلانی کارگران می‌شود

Impact determination of strength and resistance training on Glycoside hemoglobin and blood sugar on patients with type II diabetes”

Background : This study determined the impact of strength and resistance training on hemoglobin Glycoside and glucose in type II diabetic patients in Khorramabad in 2009. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 30 men with type 2 diabetes referred to laboratories in Khorramabad, selected by screening and interview and purposeful sampling . After the subjects completed questionnaires of medical records and written consent, they were randomly divided into three groups: endurance training, strength and control groups. Conditions for participants were: over 30 years of age, blood sugar 150-250, the absence of any other chronic disease and history of sports last three months, stroke, hypertension, diabetes and severe complications . Before training, the subjects were fasting for 8-12 hours and then blood sampling was performed. Strength training and endurance for 8 weeks under coach concerned were applied. Strength training includes 10 motions for muscles and for each move three to four sets and sets of 10 to 12 repeats were considered and the principle of overload followed during the eight weeks . Endurance exercise was running on a treadmill machine with a maximum heart rate 60%. Ten subjects in the control group followed and performed the recommendations till end of the study. After the eight-week training period, post test (blood test) done. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software.T pairs was used to compare means(Pre test, Post test). Results: 29 subjects in three groups of exercises were conducted until the end. Average age, weight, BMI and the amount of drug in the three groups showed no significant difference statistically (p=0/76). Reduction in glaciated hemoglobin before and after the endurance test, showed significant differences (p =0/02 ). Conclusion: This study shows that endurance training reduces Glycoside hemoglobin levels, the amount of strength training, although it did not significantly reduce, the strength training appears to cause more significant changes

The Effect of an Active Educational Method on Critical Thinking of Nursing Students in Lorestan University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: One of the most important and basic goals of nursing education is the development of critical thinking. Critical thinking is known as an integral component of nursing. This study investigated the effect of an active educational method on nursing students’ critical thinking capability. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental interventional study performed on 60 nursing students (30 in each group). First, California Critical Thinking test questionnaire were filled by the participants. The intervention group was trained using an active method based on critical thinking questions at a period of 9 clinical sessions. In the last session, California Critical Thinking test questionnaire was again refilled by the participants. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t, and paired t tests. Results: There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of background variables before the study. In test of critical thinking, no significant differences were observed in the control group before and after intervention. But there was statistically significant difference in the intervention group (p<0.001) and this active educational method could elevate critical thinking ability in intervention group. The normal clinical education program in control group was not successful in improving students’ critical thinking skills. Conclusion: The increase in students’ total score of critical thinking, analytical skills, and deductive reasoning reflects the valuable effect of this active educational method on students

A comparison of life quality and public health after natural and cesarean delivery in women referred to khorramabad health centers in 2009-2011

Background : The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life and public health after natural and cesarean delivery in women referred to Khorramabad health centers in 2009-2011. Materials and Methods: In this cohort study all pregnant women referred to health centers in Khorramabad were studied. 380 persons participated in the study selected using purposive sampling method. Data collection was done in 18 months. The information was collected in steps (a): the last month of pregnancy and (b):eight weeks after delivery.GHQ questionnaire was used in order for primary assessing, its validity confirmed by the World Health Organization. Data were analyzed using logistic regression, chi square test, Mann-Whitney at 5% significance level with SPSS software, version 16. Results: 250 subjects out of 380(146 natural deliveries and 104 cesarians) filled out interview forms and questionnaires. The results show that there are statistically significant differences between physical domain scores (P = 0.001) and mental scores (P = 0.02)which show significant differences in quality of life and in environment and social areas and total, no statistically significant difference was observed. Chance of causing disease symptoms in women with cesarean delivery in the scale of physical complaints was 09.3 times (P = 0.001), depression 75.1 times (P = 0.02) and impaired social interaction 68.1 times (P = 0.04) greater than women with vaginal delivery, all of which are significant at the 5% level of statistical error. Conclusion:Quality of life in its various aspects and general health in mothers with normal delivery, better grades and better shows

Iranian pediatric nurse's experience: The facilitators of the learning of ethical practices

Background: Ethical care is a core value in nursing. Pediatric nurses are in direct and continuous contact with children and their parents. They manage their lives and health. As part of the pediatric nurses' daily work, ethical issues play an important role in making decisions, are important to make decisions, and this capability is only achieved by ethical practice. This study aimed to explore the factors facilitating the learning of ethical practice among Iranian pediatric nurses. Materials and Methods: This study is a conventional qualitative content analysis based on the Graneheim and Lundman method. It was conducted through semi-structured interviews with two focus groups, incorporating 28 nurses working in pediatric wards. Unstructured observation and field notes were other methods of data collection. Purposive sampling continued until data saturation was ensured. All interviews were tape recorded and transcribed in verbatim. Results: Three main categories and 12 subcategories emerged from this study. The facilitating factors include (1) individual competencies (knowledge, experience, emotional intelligence, and loving children), (2) ethical imprinting (responsibility, reflection, empathy, and ethical beliefs), and (3) an environment that nurtures moral values (organizational, spiritual, family, and cultural environments) as facilitating factors. Conclusions: The promotion of nurses' competencies, ethical virtues, and imprinting, as well as improvement of the quality of nursing care must be the top priority of the health team. Undoubtedly, the success of the health care system is not possible without ensuring that pediatric nurses learn ethical practices