Türk Yerel Yönetimlerinin İşlevselliği ve 1997 Mahalli İdareler Reformu

Yerel Yönetimlerin işletme yönetimlerinin fonksiyonlarından ayrılmaları, Avrupa Yerel Yönetimleri, Yedinci Planda yerel yönetimler&nbsp;</p

Participation to the public life and becoming organized at local level in Romanisettlements in Izmir

There are more than 20 million Romani residents in many countries around the world. Due to social and economic reasons, many Romanies do not declare their ethnic origins; therefore, it is not possible to obtain any exact figures from official records. Romanies may have a preference of not defining themselves openly as “Romanies”. However, it is thought that they are distinguished from non-Romanies with their unique behavior and speech. Actually, physical features cannot be used as a definite distinctive feature in identifying Romanies. As a matter of fact, the first Romanies who had entered Europe were identified by their dark skin color and black hair, whereas today, it is possible to see Romanies with light skin and hair color. Romanies and music are often considered together; they have trained numerous accomplished musicians.Romanies are called by special local names in various countries and in various regions within these countries. The Romani people, Rom (singular), Roma (plural); sometimes&nbsp;Rrom,&nbsp;Rroma&nbsp;or Romanies are an ethnic group living in many communities all over the world. The Romanies are among the best known ethnic groups that appear in literature and folklore, and are often referred to as Gypsies or Gipsies, a term that is nowadays generally considered pejorative and is based on a mistaken belief of an origin in Egypt (http://www.answers.com/topic/romani-people).The dominant opinion in academic works is that Romani groups should be addressed in the way they define themselves. During the Ottoman Empire, Romanies were referred to as “Kıpti” (Kolukırık, 2005). Türk Toplumunda Çingene İmgesi ve Önyargısı, Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt 8, Sayı 2, 53 pp). In Turkey, Romanies are generally known as “Çingene” (Gypsies) among the public. Since the word “Roman” in Turkish means “novel”, the word “Çingene” is mostly stressed during speech. In this work sample, they sometimes wanted to be called “Roman” (Romanies) and sometimes “Çingene” (Gypsies). As their “Romani” awareness is intensified, they can be expected to show a stronger preference in how they are addressed.A total of 8–10 million Romanies are estimated to live in the member countries of the Council of Europe. For example, in Eastern Europe, there are approximately 2–2.5 million Romanies among the population of 22 million in Romania and 800,000 Romanies among 8 million in Bulgaria. The Romani history involves many great migrations or diasporas within the context of the fact that they would be killed when caught, as well as general laws unfavorable to Romanies which had been established during the 15th century.The main objective of the organisation is to encourage its members to take a comprehensive approach to Romani issues. This approach involves three main priorities: the protection of minorities, combating racism, and prevention of intolerance and social exclusion. This pre-research depends on the personal feelings of the Turkish Gypsies about social exclusion in general.İzmir Metropolitan Municipality Area is covered as research area. İzmir provincial population was 3,370,866 in 2000. The population of İzmir Metropolitan Municipality Area (nine sub-provincial areas) was 2,232,265 in the 2000s.</p

Exploitation and Administration of Disasters. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 8(8), 400–425. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.88.10678

Differentcountries have varying types of disasters, and their severity isever-increasing. In addition, in some cases, the widespread impact of disastersis getting bigger due to climate change and various intercontinentalinteractions. The microbes that transmit various diseases from one country toanother through "strong winds and pollination" that natureprovides have also been the focus of recent research studies as well. Inaddition, “humanitarian terror,” which, just like the virus, is transmittedfrom one country to another, is also at the center of disaster discussions. Theresulting losses (apparent destruction) and damages (cost) are of interest inthe eyes of public opinion. In addition, although they are not directly mentioned,the administrative structures of the country are also in front of the publiceye with their development and cultural indicators and images shared throughglobal media channels. However, the loss is not just limited to agriculturalproducts. There are deaths and other losses as well and these are not clearlybroadcasted. In addition, the administrative and social root causes ofdisasters are often not clearly conveyed to the global public. This articlereveals the importance of the amplifying effect of the relationship betweenmismanagement and exploitation in the&nbsp;demolishingand destructive damages of natural disasters. Just as the words democracy andcentralism do not juxtapose, the words colonialism and democracy cannot seem tojuxtapose in a way that positively strengthens the meaning of each other. Dueto the fact that the human factor itself is “an element of risk and threat”,human beings are particular sources of fear in disasters. In the chaoticenvironment created by disasters, terror is also looking for opportunities atthe global level. However, when examined comparatively, the countries thatsuffer the most damage among these multifaceted relations are the ones that arebeing exploited. Except for the several studies that question the colonial era[1] due to the increasingnumber of storms, this study that reveals the relation between"Exploitation and Disaster" is among the first studies in this field.[1] While there were 68 deaths in Houston, there were 2,975 deaths inPuerto Rico and this has raised some questions. To see the link between theanalysis of four storms in Puerto Rico, Houston, and Texas, see.Storymaps.arcgis, 2019. It has been found out that Puerto Rico is defenselessin the face of the effects of natural disasters because of its population, theunequal distribution of resources and services, and the fact that it is notrepresented in the U.S. government. Accessed on 14.05.2021</div