An Investigation of the Turkish Preservice Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Individualized Education Program Development Process

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the attitudes of preservice teachers who study at Turkish universities towards the development process of an individualized education program (IEP). The participants of the study were composed of 304 teachers who were all seniors at the faculties of education in the 2019-2020 academic year. The data were collected through the attitude determination scale (ADS) towards the IEP development process developed by Tike (2007). The scale contained 3 dimensions and 15 items. A Principal Component Analysis revealed a 3-factor structure of 15 items with a 61,39% of the total variance explained. In order to determine the internal consistency a reliability test was implemented and the Cronbach Alpha coefficient for the 3 factors was found as .67. The collected data were analyzed through a statistical analysis program. In order to determine a possible significant difference between the participants’ genders, previous interaction with inclusive students, taking inclusive education classes and their attitudes towards IEP development process, an independent variables t-test was implemented. To determine whether there exists a significant difference according to the participants’ knowledge of the regulations regarding inclusive education a one-way ANOVA was implemented. When a difference was revealed Tukey test was implemented to determine the differentiation and check the difference between the mean scores. At the end of the study, a statistically significant difference was found regarding the participants’ genders, taking inclusive education classes and knowledge of the regulations regarding inclusive education while no statistically significant difference was found according to their previous interaction with inclusive education. Keywords: Individualized education program (IEP), preservice teachers, attitude DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-16-11 Publication date:June 30th 2020

Developmental expression of p97/VCP (Valosin-containing protein) and Jab1/CSN5 in the rat testis and epididymis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a key player in regulating many cellular processes via proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Recently published data show that Jab1/CSN5 interacts with p97/VCP and controls the ubiquitination status of proteins bound to p97/VCP in mouse and human cells. However, coexpression of p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 in the developing rat testis and epididymis has not previously been studied.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Testicular and epididymal tissues from 5-, 15-, 30-, and 60-day-old rats were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Colocalisation of proteins was determined by immunofluorescence microscopy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the 5-day-old rat testis, p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 were specifically expressed in gonocytes. The expression of p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 significantly increased at day 15 and was found in spermatogonia, Sertoli cells and spermatocytes. In 30- and 60-day-old rat testes, p97/VCP indicated moderate to strong expression in Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, round and elongating spermatids. However, moderate to weak expression was observed in spermatocytes. Jab1/CSN5 showed strong expression in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, while relatively moderate expression was observed in round and elongating spermatids in 30- and 60-day-old rat testes. In contrast, in the epididymis, the expression of both proteins gradually increased from 5 to 60 days of age. After rats reached 2 weeks of age, the expression of both proteins was mostly restricted to the basal and principal cells of the caput epididymis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our study suggests that p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 could be an important part of the UPS in the developing rat testis and epididymis and that both proteins may be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis and epididymal epithelial functions.</p

Comparison of Different Surgical Options in the Treatment of Pilonidal Disease: Retrospective Analysis of 175 Patients

Pilonidal sinus disease is a benign disorder with an unidentified etiology and is observed mainly in young adults. It is an important health problem because it causes work loss. Although various nonsurgical treatment options have been tried up to date, there is a consensus on surgical intervention to treat the disease today. The optimal surgical method should be simple, associated with short hospital stay and low recurrence rates. In this study, patients who have undergone different surgical treatment methods due to pilonidal disease were retrospectively analyzed. The medical records of 175 patients who were operated on between 2002 and 2005 at the General Surgery Departments of Gaziosmanpasa University Medical School and Bartin State Hospital for pilonidal disease were reviewed for treatment option, postoperative complications, hospitalization time, work-off periods, and recurrence rates. The patients consisted of 150 (85.3%) males with a mean age of 26.47 ± 7.78 years. Marsupialization was applied to 82 (46.9%), unroofing to 20 (14.7%), primary closure to 29 (16.6%), and Limberg flap to 44 (25.1%) patients. The longest hospitalization period of 3.61 ± 1.08 days was observed in the Limberg flap group. The longest return to work period (20.12 ± 5.1 days) was observed in the marsupialization group. Both differences were significant. The highest complication rate was observed among the primary closure group (31%) followed by the patients treated by Limberg flap technique (15.8%). In the primary closure group, infection was detected in five (17.2%) and wound dehiscence in four (13.8%) individuals. The highest complication rates (31.03%) and recurrences (13.8%) were observed in the primary closure group. Various operative methods utilized in the treatment of pilonidal disease are associated with a number of advantages and disadvantages. Postoperative complication rates of unroofing and marsupialization are low, but require long wound care. In our study, we did not observe any recurrence among the patients treated by unroofing, but experienced a high recurrence ratio among subjects treated by marsupialization. In addition, there were high complication rates in the primary closure and Limberg flap groups. So, the best option is to explain the advantages and disadvantages of the available surgical methods and respect the patient's decision

Direct bioelectrocatalysis at the interfaces by genetically engineered dehydrogenase

This is the published version.There is an emerging interest in developing bio-functionalisation routes serving as platforms for assembling diverse enzymes onto material surfaces. Specifically, the fabrication of next-generation, laboratory-on-a-chip-based sensing and energy harvesting systems requires controlled orientation and organisation of the proteins at the inorganic interfaces. Herein, the authors take the initial steps towards designing multifunctional, enzyme-based platforms by genetically integrating the engineered materialselective peptide tags for tethering redox enzymes onto electrode surfaces. The authors engineered a fusion protein that genetically conjugates gold-binding peptide to formate dehydrogenase derived from Candida methylica. The expressed proteins were tested for both enzyme activity and self-directed gold-surface functionalisation ability. Their findings demonstrate the successful self-immobilisation of the engineered enzyme onto different gold electrodes while retaining the catalytic activity. Building on the functionalisation by the peptides, a fusion enzyme-integrated circuit-based biosensor system was designed. The catalytic conversion of the formate by the engineered dehydrogenase was successfully monitored on the electrode surface at subsequent intervals. The engineered peptide-mediated self-integrated electrode systems can be extended to develop a wide range of biosensing and energy-harvesting platforms using different combinations of materials and biomolecules. This paper contains supporting information that will be made available online once the issue is published. In the meantime, if you wish to get a copy of the supplementary file, please contact the Journals Editor, Sarah Brown, at [email protected]

Development of heavy metal passivators in residue fluid catalytic cracking process

The advancement of residual fluid catalytic cracking (RFCC) is significantly influenced by the development of heavy metals passivation technology. Resids often include larger concentrations of heavy metals (Ni, V, and Fe) than gas oils, primarily in the form of porphyrin complexes and salts of organic acids. Under cracking conditions, metals, especially Ni and V in residues and gas oil deposit on the cracking catalyst and induce adverse dehydrogenation reactions. The catalyst's zeolite component is destroyed by these metals. While reducing the yield of gasoline, active metals increase the yields of coke and hydrogen. Because most cracking FCC units can only tolerate limited amounts of coke and hydrogen, the level of heavy metals on the catalyst needs to be kept under control in order to achieve maximum productivity and profit. Metal passivation enhances catalytic activity and/or selectivity to more desired products by minimizing the detrimental effects of contaminating metals. In this study, we will review heavy metals deactivation mechanism in RFCC process and the potential technological solutions to the catalyst deactivation concern

All-optical image denoising using a diffractive visual processor

Image denoising, one of the essential inverse problems, targets to remove noise/artifacts from input images. In general, digital image denoising algorithms, executed on computers, present latency due to several iterations implemented in, e.g., graphics processing units (GPUs). While deep learning-enabled methods can operate non-iteratively, they also introduce latency and impose a significant computational burden, leading to increased power consumption. Here, we introduce an analog diffractive image denoiser to all-optically and non-iteratively clean various forms of noise and artifacts from input images - implemented at the speed of light propagation within a thin diffractive visual processor. This all-optical image denoiser comprises passive transmissive layers optimized using deep learning to physically scatter the optical modes that represent various noise features, causing them to miss the output image Field-of-View (FoV) while retaining the object features of interest. Our results show that these diffractive denoisers can efficiently remove salt and pepper noise and image rendering-related spatial artifacts from input phase or intensity images while achieving an output power efficiency of ~30-40%. We experimentally demonstrated the effectiveness of this analog denoiser architecture using a 3D-printed diffractive visual processor operating at the terahertz spectrum. Owing to their speed, power-efficiency, and minimal computational overhead, all-optical diffractive denoisers can be transformative for various image display and projection systems, including, e.g., holographic displays.Comment: 21 Pages, 7 Figure

Characterization of greater middle eastern genetic variation for enhanced disease gene discovery

The Greater Middle East (GME) has been a central hub of human migration and population admixture. The tradition of consanguinity, variably practiced in the Persian Gulf region, North Africa, and Central Asia1-3, has resulted in an elevated burden of recessive disease4. Here we generated a whole-exome GME variome from 1,111 unrelated subjects. We detected substantial diversity and admixture in continental and subregional populations, corresponding to several ancient founder populations with little evidence of bottlenecks. Measured consanguinity rates were an order of magnitude above those in other sampled populations, and the GME population exhibited an increased burden of runs of homozygosity (ROHs) but showed no evidence for reduced burden of deleterious variation due to classically theorized ‘genetic purging’. Applying this database to unsolved recessive conditions in the GME population reduced the number of potential disease-causing variants by four- to sevenfold. These results show variegated genetic architecture in GME populations and support future human genetic discoveries in Mendelian and population genetics