Suberosin Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury in A Rat Model of Cecal Ligation and Puncture

Background/aims Sepsis is one of the major problems encountered in intensive care units, causing organ damage and increasing mortality. Suberosin (SBR) is a type of coumarin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The goal of this study is to explore the protective effects of SBR on the lungs in a rat model of sepsis. Methods Male Wistar rats were utilized in this study. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was applied to induce sepsis. Rats were separated into six groups with nine animals in each group, including healthy control, SBR, CLP, and CLP + SBR (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Histopathological changes in the lungs were investigated with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Results MDA levels and GSH and SOD enzyme activities were negatively affected in the CLP group, but SBR treatment ameliorated these oxidative stress parameters in the SBR1-3 groups (p< 0.05). The mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were increased in the CLP group, and SBR treatment decreased those expression levels in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Organ damage and necrosis were seen in the CLP group and were alleviated in the SBR3 group. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of lung tissues demonstrated decreased TNF-α and IL-1β immunopositivity in the SBR1-3 groups (p< 0.05). Conclusions SBR ameliorated sepsis-related lung injury in a dose-dependent manner. This compound has significant potential as a future agent in the treatment of sepsis

HRM method for identification of TP53 exon 5 and 8 mutations in human prostate cancer patients

Background: The purpose of the present study was to perform a high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis to discover mutations in gene exons 5-8 of tumor protein p53 (TP53), as well as the relationships of these mutations to clinical parameters in prostate cancer (PC).& nbsp;Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues with PC. Mutations in exons 5 and 8 of TP53 were analyzed using the HRM method. Sanger sequencing was used to describe mutations.& nbsp;Results: According to the HRM analysis results, 21 (42%) PC samples had different normalized and shifted melting curves from other samples. Mutations in TP53 exons 5 and8 were observed in 12 (24%) patients by the Sanger method. The detection sensitivity of the HRM method in exon 5 and exon 8 mutations was 66.7% and 50%, respectively. PSA levels of PC patients with TP53 mutation were found to be lower than that of patients with no mutation (p = 0.8270). However, we did not find any correlations between TP53 mutations and clinical parameters (p > 0.05).& nbsp;Conclusions: HRM analysis is a simple, rapid, and efficient mutation-scanning method for known/unknown mutations in TP53 exons 5and8, as well as an attractive method for detection of mutations and their analysis in FFPE tissues. Additional studies with larger patient populations are warranted to confirm the correlation between the TP53 mutations and PC risk.Research Foundation of Istanbul Aydin University (BAP

Reproductive Effects of S. boulardii on Sub-Chronic Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid Toxicity in Male Rats

The potential health-promoting effects of probiotics against intoxication by pesticides is a topic of increasing commercial interest with limited scientific evidence. In this study, we aimed to investigate the positive effects of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii on the male reproductive system under low dose neonicotinoid pesticide exposure conditions. We observed that acetamiprid and imidacloprid caused a degeneration and necrosis of the spermatocytes in the tubular wall, a severe edema of the intertubular region and a hyperemia. This was concomittant to increased levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine reflecting oxidative stress, and an increase in caspase 3 expression, reflecting apoptosis. According to our results, Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation mitigates these toxic effects. Further in vivo and clinical studies are needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms of protection. Altogether, our study reinforces the burden of evidence from emerging studies linking the composition of the gut microbiome to the function of the reproductive system