Workstation environment for wastewater treatment design using AI and mathematical models

This research explores the use of computer-based environments to facilitate environmental engineering decision making. A prototype system is developed for wastewater treatment plant design as an exploration tool to demonstrate the techniques and principles proposed. Several mathematical techniques, interactive graphic displays, and friendly user interfaces are used. The mathematical techniques are: (1) mass and water balances for an analysis program for wastewater treatment plant design, (2) a rule-based system for sludge bulking judgment, and (3) a standard processor for checking a design against existing design standards. The interactive graphic displays provide visual data for effective data manipulation, and the friendly user interfaces are designed for engineers who are not necessarily computer experts.U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological SurveyOpe

Analog Simulation of Superconducting Loops Containing One or Two Josephson Junctions

Analog circuits are described which are capable of electronically simulating the static and dynamic behavior of sueprconducting loops containing one or two Josephson junctions when bias currents or magnetic fields are applied. Time-dependent flux enty into or out of the ring can, in either system, be observed by monitoring appropriate node voltages within the simulator circuits. The various dynamical modes observed in earlier numerical simulations are accurately reproduced. A theoretical analysis of the two-junction configuration identifies certain important cirteria which determine which of these different states the system will adopt

Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Stimulates Bone Fill and Rate of Attachment Level Gain: Results of a Large Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141430/1/jper2205.pd

Ketamine for Acute Pain After Trauma: the Kapt Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND: Evidence for effective pain management and opioid minimization of intravenous ketamine in elective surgery has been extrapolated to acutely injured patients, despite limited supporting evidence in this population. This trial seeks to determine the effectiveness of the addition of sub-dissociative ketamine to a pill-based, opioid-minimizing multi-modal pain regimen (MMPR) for post traumatic pain. METHODS: This is a single-center, parallel-group, randomized, controlled comparative effectiveness trial comparing a MMPR to a MMPR plus a sub-dissociative ketamine infusion. All trauma patients 16 years and older admitted following a trauma which require intermediate (IMU) or intensive care unit (ICU) level of care are eligible. Prisoners, patients who are pregnant, patients not expected to survive, and those with contraindications to ketamine are excluded from this study. The primary outcome is opioid use, measured by morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per patient per day (MME/patient/day). The secondary outcomes include total MME, pain scores, morbidity, lengths of stay, opioid prescriptions at discharge, and patient centered outcomes at discharge and 6 months. DISCUSSION: This trial will determine the effectiveness of sub-dissociative ketamine infusion as part of a MMPR in reducing in-hospital opioid exposure in adult trauma patients. Furthermore, it will inform decisions regarding acute pain strategies on patient centered outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Ketamine for Acute Pain Management After Trauma (KAPT) with registration # NCT04129086 was registered on October 16, 2019

Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Promotes Periodontal Regeneration in Localized Osseous Defects: 36‐Month Extension Results From a Randomized, Controlled, Double‐Masked Clinical Trial

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141092/1/jper0456.pd

Ready ... Go: Amplitude of the fMRI Signal Encodes Expectation of Cue Arrival Time

What happens when the brain awaits a signal of uncertain arrival time, as when a sprinter waits for the starting pistol? And what happens just after the starting pistol fires? Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we have discovered a novel correlate of temporal expectations in several brain regions, most prominently in the supplementary motor area (SMA). Contrary to expectations, we found little fMRI activity during the waiting period; however, a large signal appears after the “go” signal, the amplitude of which reflects learned expectations about the distribution of possible waiting times. Specifically, the amplitude of the fMRI signal appears to encode a cumulative conditional probability, also known as the cumulative hazard function. The fMRI signal loses its dependence on waiting time in a “countdown” condition in which the arrival time of the go cue is known in advance, suggesting that the signal encodes temporal probabilities rather than simply elapsed time. The dependence of the signal on temporal expectation is present in “no-go” conditions, demonstrating that the effect is not a consequence of motor output. Finally, the encoding is not dependent on modality, operating in the same manner with auditory or visual signals. This finding extends our understanding of the relationship between temporal expectancy and measurable neural signals

Computer-Integrated Design and Manufacture of Integrated Circuits

Contains reports on three research projects.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DABT 63-95-C-0088Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency N00174-93-K-0035Stanford UniversityLeaders for Manufacturing Progra