3 research outputs found
Laboratory diagnostic approach to canine infectious diseases of wildlife and public health importance
Diagnostic performance of a rapid in-clinic test for the detection of Canine Parvovirus under different storage conditions and vaccination status
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most common causes of acute
haemorrhagic enteritis in young dogs, while clinical diagnosis is often
indecisive. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy
of an in-clinic rapid test in the detection of CPV infection in dogs. To
this end, we compared the Rapid Diagnostic Kit of Canine Parvovirus,
Coronavirus and Rotavirus antigen (Quicking (R)) to PCR, which is
considered as the most reliable diagnostic method. A total of 78
duplicated faecal samples were collected from diarrhoeic dogs.
Vaccination history within a month prior to the onset of diarrhoea was
reported for 12 of the sampled dogs. The rapid diagnostic test was
performed in 23 of the faecal samples directly, while the rest were
placed into a sterile cotton tipped swab suitable for collection and
transportation of viruses (Sigma Sigma-VCM (R)) and stored at -20
degrees C The sensitivity of the Quicking rapid diagnostic test compared
to PCR in the total number of samples, in samples from non-vaccinated
dogs and in samples tested directly after collection were 22.22% (95%
CI: 13.27-33.57%), 26.67% (95% CI: 16.08-39.66%) and 76.47% (95%
CI: 50.10-93.04%) respectively, while the specificity of the test was
100% in any case. In conclusion, negative results do not exclude
parvoenteritis from the differential diagnosis, especially in dogs with
early vaccination history, but a positive result almost certainly
indicates CPV infection. An improved sensitivity may be expected when
the test is performed immediately. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved
Risk and Environmental Factors Associated with the Presence of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 in Diarrheic Dogs from Thessaly, Central Greece
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) primarily infects dogs, which are the main host reservoir, causing severe gastrointestinal disease associated with immunosuppression. The present study was conducted in Thessaly, Greece and aimed to identify risk and environmental factors associated with CPV-2 infection in diarrheic dogs. Fecal samples were collected from 116 dogs presenting diarrhea and were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of CPV-2 DNA. Supplementary data regarding clinical symptoms, individual features, management factors and medical history were also gathered for each animal during clinical evaluation. Sixty-eight diarrheic dogs were found to be positive for the virus DNA in their feces. Statistical analysis revealed that CPV-2 DNA was less likely to be detected in senior dogs, while working dogs, namely hounds and shepherds, had higher odds to be positive for the virus. Livestock density and land uses, specifically the categories of discontinuous urban fabric and of human population density, were identified as significant environmental parameters associated with CPV-2 infection by using Geographical Information System (GIS) together with the Ecological Niche Model (ENM). This is the first description of the environmental variables associated with the presence of CPV-2 DNA in dogs’ feces in Greece