Two dimensional CP^2 Model with \theta-term and Topological Charge Distributions

Topological charge distributions in 2 dimensional CP^2 model with theta-term is calculated. In strong coupling regions, topological charge distribution is approximately given by Gaussian form as a function of topological charge and this behavior leads to the first order phase transition at \theta=\pi. In weak coupling regions it shows non-Gaussian distribution and the first order phase transition disappears. Free energy as a function of \theta shows "flattening" behavior at theta=theta_f<pi, when we calculate the free energy directly from topological charge distribution. Possible origin of this flattening phenomena is prensented.Comment: 17 pages,7 figure

Aircraft Parameter Identification in the Presence of Atmospheric Turbulence

This paper investigates the method for identifying the unknown parameters in the dynamics of an aircraft from flight data affected by random disturbances due to wind gusts. Two general algorithms suitable for applying to such stochastic environments, i.e. the method of maximum likelihood (ML) estimation and the extended Kalman filter (EKF) technique, are examined for capability by numerical simulations. The advantages and shortcomings of each algorithm are discussed in detail, which leads to the conclusion that the combined use of the two algorithms provides a powerful on-line technique, insensitive to initial parameter estimates