Women\u27s Empowerment, Mindfulness, and Role of Women in Eradicating Alcohol and Drug Addiction from Indian Society

Women’s empowerment and self-help groups are functional and successful in India in most instances; it is possible to improve them further by incorporating quality parameters in the various training programs. Most of the locally organized skill-training by different empowerment cells operates effectively. Training and operating procedures must be devised to ensure that self-help groups meet international standards for their products. The training is often held in remote locations, making it difficult for the facilitator to visit and provide instruction. There must be established criteria for selecting trainers and a planned curriculum for training. There is a social impediment in the overall empowerment process; one of the social evils is drug and alcohol addiction and specific cultural and societal norms. Women can help to curtail such societal problems, and the Naga Mothers’ Association has made an impact in reducing addiction in Indian society. The Naga Mother’s Association is doing an excellent job of reducing addiction; however, their work needs to be supported by legislative provisions. Similar to the Naga Mothers’ Association, the women’s wing of the Koch Rajbongshi student union has been able to mobilize and disseminate information about the ill effects of addiction among its community members. This paper argues that mindfulness, a concept of Buddhist origin, is necessary to effect revolutionary change. Mindfulness and compassion are the keys to resolving the issue, but reflection is also an essential component of the practice of mindfulness and compassion. The leaders of these women’s associations are playing a pivotal role in helping to eradicate social evils and addiction from Indian society. One of the most critical components is mindfulness of the current situation and circumstances and making decisions accordingly

Tobacco Farming, Addiction, Promotion of Gender Equality, Well-being and Monopoly of the Indian Market

Women\u27s land rights are still suppressed in India because men hold most of the land, and men decide what crops to grow. Tobacco use and farming are both detriments to one’s health. It causes cancer, and cancer treatment is unavailable in the majority of India\u27s remote areas. On the other hand, tobacco is grown in remote regions of India, and cancer hospitals are concentrated in major cities. There are eight states in India\u27s north-eastern region, but only one cancer treatment facility in Guwahati, Assam. There is a need for new cancer hospitals in the north-eastern part of the country, where there is just one cancer hospital for eight states. Mindfulness training and tobacco harmful effects awareness education should be integrated into the educational curriculum and community centres. The school curriculum should include more mindfulness and psychoeducation about tobacco\u27s detrimental effects. The pandemic situation in India and elsewhere make any community-based response difficult right now. Some parts of India, such as A&I Island, the North-Eastern region of India, and J&K, lack high-speed internet connectivity; therefore, radio, television, audio CDs, audio files, recorded videos, reading materials, and cell phones may be the best ways to reach out. Internet-based outreach is another option. A non-governmental organisation (NGO) or other organisation would be required to create regional language reading material, audio files, and video files. Given the global pandemic crisis, such programmes must be put in place as soon as possible. A team of specialists, regional language experts, local cultural experts, and volunteers would be needed to achieve these objectives

Physical Abuse in the Absence of Ubuntu

Students in Africa and worldwide should learn about Ubuntu at the school, secondary school, college, and university levels. It should be incorporated into the educational process. Tobacco-free days, alcohol-free (dry days), and drug-free days could all be ways to commemorate Ubuntu. Female smokers are at a higher risk than male smokers. Following such measures may aid in raising awareness. Legislators in Africa need to employ incentives to amend legislation to fully integrate Ubuntu into society. It is possible to prevent violence against women and children by instilling Ubuntu principles in the community and society. It is sufficient to refer to the existing Ubuntu documentation to design and validate the necessary training programme. Still, in the case of Ubuntu, more experimental research should be encouraged. Such research must be funded by both the government and the private sector. Even though Ubuntu started in Africa, it can be globalized. Nevertheless, Ubuntu has not been adopted to its full potential in the current situation. The Zulu people of South Africa is well-known for its kindness and hospitality, and it is to them that we owe the concept of Ubuntu. According to Ubuntu, we are people not because of who we are but because of how we connect with other people. This implies that relationships are essential. With over three thousand diverse African tribes, diversity management is critical, and Ubuntu can be a driving force in bringing all the diversity under one umbrella. There are cultural mechanisms in all African traditions and events that exist “to unite”, but this aspect of unity is within the community, and Ubuntu can be implemented to lead the same element of harmony with various communities. There are ways to integrate Ubuntu as a cultural event into the calendar, bringing together diverse African communities as one force, culture, nation, and identity. Regardless of the level of diversity, the most important thing is to include everyone and give them the recognition they deserve

Advanced deep learning techniques for early disease prediction in cauliflower plants

Abstract Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economies of developing countries by providing livelihoods, sustenance, and employment opportunities in rural areas. However, crop diseases pose a significant threat to both farmers’ incomes and food security. Furthermore, these diseases also show adverse effects on human health by causing various illnesses. Till date, only a limited number of studies have been conducted to identify and classify diseased cauliflower plants but they also face certain challenges such as insufficient disease surveillance mechanisms, the lack of comprehensive datasets that are properly labelled as well as are of high quality, and the considerable computational resources that are necessary for conducting thorough analysis. In view of the aforementioned challenges, the primary objective of this manuscript is to tackle these significant concerns and enhance understanding regarding the significance of cauliflower disease identification and detection in rural agriculture through the use of advanced deep transfer learning techniques. The work is conducted on the four classes of cauliflower diseases i.e. Bacterial spot rot, Black rot, Downy Mildew, and No disease which are taken from VegNet dataset. Ten deep transfer learning models such as EfficientNetB0, Xception, EfficientNetB1, MobileNetV2, EfficientNetB2, DenseNet201, EfficientNetB3, InceptionResNetV2, EfficientNetB4, and ResNet152V2, are trained and examined on the basis of root mean square error, recall, precision, F1-score, accuracy, and loss. Remarkably, EfficientNetB1 achieved the highest validation accuracy (99.90%), lowest loss (0.16), and root mean square error (0.40) during experimentation. It has been observed that our research highlights the critical role of advanced CNN models in automating cauliflower disease detection and classification and such models can lead to robust applications for cauliflower disease management in agriculture, ultimately benefiting both farmers and consumers

Morinda citrifolia and Its Active Principle Scopoletin Mitigate Protein Aggregation and Neuronal Apoptosis through Augmenting the DJ-1/Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway

Given the role of oxidative stress in PD pathogenesis and off-target side effects of currently available drugs, several natural phytochemicals seem to be promising in the management of PD. Here, we tested the hypothesis that scopoletin, an active principle obtained from Morinda citrifolia (MC), efficiently quenches oxidative stress through DJ-1/Nrf2 signaling and ameliorates rotenone-induced PD. Despite reducing oxidative stress, the administration of MC extract (MCE) has lessened protein aggregation as evident from decreased levels of nitrotyrosine and α-synuclein. In vitro studies revealed that scopoletin lessened rotenone-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells through preventing oxidative injury. Particularly, scopoletin markedly upregulated DJ-1, which then promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and transactivation of antioxidant genes. Furthermore, we found that scopoletin prevents the nuclear exportation of Nrf2 by reducing the levels of Keap1 and thereby enhancing the neuronal defense system. Overall, our findings suggest that scopoletin acts through DJ-1-mediated Nrf2 signaling to protect the brain from rotenone-induced oxidative stress and PD. Thus, we postulate that scopoletin could be a potential drug to treat PD