Female Psychology in Sangam Era and in Velliveediyar songs

Sangam literary works are very good and among those works the feminine features given by male writers are completely different from female writers. Writings about women by women is unique both emotionally and socially. Feminist songs are often about demanding identity. It is appropriate to assume that Velliveethiyar is unique among Sangam women singers in her choice of song and style of singing. Sangam era writers in their writings destroys a woman's personal feelings, likes, dislikes, sexual desires, etc. and makes her just as a body. But Velliveethiyar is different from all these writers and she unabashedly poeticises love and lust

Based on Pause Time Comparative Analysis made among Bee-Ant Colony Optimized Routing (BACOR) Vs Existing Routing Protocols for Scalable Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs)

In this paper based on swarm intelligence a new approach for an on demand ad-hoc routing algorithm is proposed. The foraging behavior of Ant colony optimization and Bee colony optimization, which are the subset of swarm intelligence and considering the ability of simple ants to solve complex problems by cooperation. Several algorithms which are based on ant colony problems were introduced in the literatures to solve different problems, e.g., optimization problems. The proposed algorithm is compared and proven by results that the approach has the potential to become an appropriate routing tactics for mobile ad-hoc networks. The results were presented based on the simulations made with the implementation in ns-2. Keywords:BACOR, Bee Routing, Ant Routing, Bee-Ant Routin

Literary View of Today's Female authors

In ancient times, our society gave importance to women and it was women who led the society. Bharatiyar and Thanthai Periyar are notable among those who have highlighted the position of women in Tamil literature from a different perspective. This article examines how the writer reflects his society and environment in his works. This article examines about the doubts that raise among the writers, about the injustices to women in literary work of male writers, beautify imagination and parables through new poetry to express and understad feminist revolutionary ideas in the literary works of some female authors

Analysis of Tuberculosis using Smear Image

An automatic method for the detection of Tuberculosis (TB) bacilli from microscopic sputum smear images is presented in this paper. According to WHO, TB is the ninth leading cause of death all over the world. There are various techniques to diagnose TB, of which conventional microscopic sputum smear examination is considered. However, the mentioned method of diagnosis is time intensive and error prone, even in experienced hands. The proposed method performs detection of TB, by image binarization and subsequent classification of detected regions using a convolutional neural network. We have evaluated our gist algorithm using a dataset of sputum smear microscopic images with different backgrounds (high density and low-density images). Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves for the TB detection. The proposed method automatically detects whether the sputum smear images is infected with TB or not. This method will aid clinicians to predict the disease accurately in a short span of time, thereby helping in improving the clinical outcome

A study to evaluate the significance of serum creatine kinase muscle brai fraction (CK-MB) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in neonates with birth asphyxia

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Birth asphyxia is a common neonatal problem and an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The signs of birth asphyxia injury are so nonspecific and overlap with other illnesses. In the absence of perinatal records it is difficult to diagnose birth asphyxia retrospectively. There is a need to identify birth asphyxiated neonates who are at high risk for developing hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and multi organ dysfunction in the immediate neonatal period for the purpose of effective management of those asphyxiated neonates to reduce mortality and morbidity. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the significance of serum creatine kinase muscle brain fraction (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels among asphyxiated and non asphyxiated term neonates and to ascertain whether these enzymes can identify asphyxiated newborns. STUDY METHODS: A study was conducted on 50 term newborns included as cases and 50 newborns included as controls meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria born in Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College & Hospital, Salem from the period of June 2013 to may 2014. Cases are asphyxiated neonates and controls are non – asphyxiated neonates. The blood samples for CK-MB and LDH was drawn at 8±2 hours and 72±2 hours of age respectively and sent for analysis. A serum level of CK-MB > 92.6U/L at 8 hours and LDH >580 U/L at 72 hours was taken as the cut off value. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive value (positive and negative) was calculated for creatine kinase muscle brain fraction and Lactate dehydrogenase. RESULTS: The serum CK-MB value of >92.6U/L has 52% sensitivity with a specificity of 100%. CK-MB has a positive predictive value of 100 % with a negative predictive value of 58.14%. The cut off value of LDH was >580 U/L has 84% sensitivity with a specificity of 100%. Positive predictive value of LDH was 100% with a negative predictive value of 68.94%. LDH is having more diagnostic value than CK-MB with more Area under ROC (receiving operating characteristic) value when compared to CK-MB. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: From the study the diagnostic performance of LDH is better than CK-MB. Estimation of CK-MB and LDH level at 8 hours and 72 hours of life can distinguish an asphyxiated from a non asphyxiated term newborn in correlation with history and clinical features in the neonate. CK-MB and LDH are the two biochemical markers useful in correlates with severity of HIE

A Study on Diagnostic Methodology in Vaatha Pandu in the Context of Ennvagai Thervugal

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: AIM: To diagnose the disease VATHA PANDU through Ennavagai thervugal (the eight fold eramination) OBJECTIVES: Primary: To document inference of the Ennavagai theruval in the disease VATHA PANDU. Secondary: 1. To review and collect the Literature evidence about vatha Pandu. 2. To Evaluvate the Etiology of Vatha Pandu. 3. To study in detail about etiopathogensis of vatha pandu. 4. To study the significance of manikkadai nool in the vatha pandu. To do concerned Laboratory investigation. Material & Methods The pathological evaluation and methodological study of Vatha pandu was carried in out patients as well as inpatient department at Govt. Siddha Medical College. Palayamkottai. Selection and Eupervision; The author had selected the 50 cases for Vatha pandu but of out of 40 cases are correlated with Vatha pandu as mentioned in yugi vaithiya chinthamani under the supervision of facilities and head of the department PG Noi Naadal. Evaluation of Clinical Parameters : The detailed history and clinical features of teh patients were taken carefully. This cliniacal history contains: 1. Family history, 2. Inclusion creteria age (16 to 70) Nutrition deficiensy, Worm infestation, 3. Personal history, 4. Socio – economic status, 5. History of infections disease, 6. History previous illness, 7. Clinical features of the Vatha Paandu. Clinical Symptoms 1. Flatulence, 2. Low abdominal pian, 3. Loss of thirst, 4. Loss of appetite, 5. Burning sensatin of skin, 6. Hyperpigmentation vessels, 7. Shivering, 8. Redness eye, 9. Costipation, 10. Headache, 11. Pallor, 12. Swelling of body, Diagnosis; Envagai therrugal including neerkuri, neikuri manikadai nool. The diagnosis is made on the basis of interpretation of the following Siddha principles. 1. Poriyal therdhal, 2. Pulanal therdhal, 3. Vinnaadhal, 4. Yaakayninellakanam, 5. Gunam, 6. Changes in Udal thathukkal, 7. Changes in Uyir thathukkal, 8. Noi Utra kalam, 9. Noil Utra Nilam, Modern Parameters: For further detailed study of the disease, modern parameters were used. Investigation Routine blood : TC, DC, ESR, HB. 1. Peripheral smear, 2. Complete Haemogram. SUMMARY: The author selected the topic by detailed history, clinical examination. The author had selected the cases of vatha pandu. Vatha Pandu is caused by nutritional deficiency, worm infestations and natural urges. The author has selected the cases for vatha pandu in GOVT. Siddha medical college Hospital under the supervision of facilities of Noi Naadal department. Dietary, habits and external causes, and natural urges increases the pitham but indirectly affect the vatham and kapham. So saaram formed in decreased in quality, simultaneously seneer (ratham) is also formed decreased quality so pandu noi came. The author had take the photos mainly on Tongue, Neerkuri Neikuri, nails, eyes A depressed immune system lowered capacity to digest, absorb, utilize transport nutrients. It cannot eliminiate the toxic substances, so it results in disease. CONCLUSION: The study on vatha pandu carried out in the dissertation based on clinical history, as per clinical examination siddha guidelines which are necessary to arrive at precise diagnosis. Vatha pandu is widely distributed in world. Vatha pandu affectes the all sexes including children. It is characterized by loss of appetite, abdominal pain, flatulence, dryness of skin, hyperpigmentation. Vatha Pandu is diagnosed on detailed history, classical clinical examination of the siddha system and changes in eight fold diagnosis manikadainool, and uyirthathukkal. In methodology study: 1. Vatha Pitha Naadi is present in most of cases. 2. Muhtothunittral (Kaba neer) is present in most of cases. 3. Manikadai is present in 8 – 8 ½ wrist circumference in most of cases. 4. Vatha thegai is noted in major cases. How to we can Prevention Aneamia: 1. Eat well balanced diet, 2. Take blenty of greens highly iron content food, 3. Wash hands frequently, 4. Reduce life stress, fear, 5. Avoid betal nut chewer, smoking and Alcohol, 6. Take boiled water

Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Dilemma of Untimely Recognition, Intervention and Diagnostic Scales Obtainable at Indian Sub-continent

The increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder makes it as considerable issue worldwide. Recent studies addresses the hot topic of Mirror Neuronal System (MNS) confers behind the ASD. However, the cause is uncertain, Indian population prone to varied prenatal and postnatal factors of the condition. Indian parents and professional still be at the initial awareness phase of the spectrum. Years of delay in identification and intervention while comparing with world standards due to various Indian socio-economic and socio-cultural factors. Less availability of screening and diagnostic tools headed to relay on culturally irrelevant and expensive international tools. Government funded research initiatives developed ISAA, INDT-ASD, CASI and AIIMS Modified INDT-ASD as culturally relevant indigenous tools and available on practice. So far, the tools have their own advantages and limitations, requires further research and progression. Owing to scarcity of trained professionals for a wide population range, home based parent-mediated therapies be the most preferred mode of therapy. However, the therapeutic options vary with people. The study aimed to ascertain the present Indian scenario, look upon the awareness about the condition, availability of screening and diagnostic facilities, the early identification and timely intervention program. In addition, the study briefly confers the biological and clinical background of ASD.

Integrating Non-linear and Linear Diffusion Techniques to Prevent Fault Attacks in Advanced Encryption Standard to Enhance Security of 4G-LTE Networks

Long term evolution based fourth generation (4G) mobile technology has provided a platform for fast and efficient wireless communication. The advanced encryption standard (AES) is one of the three cryptographic algorithms used in 4G networks for encryption of sensitive data. In spite of offering high immunity, AES is still vulnerable to few attacks. This weakness in AES algorithm makes 4G susceptible to several security issues. This paper specifically focuses on fault attacks performed on AES. A fault induced in any one of the rounds of AES helps the attacker to derive information about the secret key. In this manner, these fault attacks pose a serious threat to wireless mobile communication as he or she may gain access to any network that is encrypted with AES. In earlier works, various countermeasures have been suggested to prevent them. However, each of these preventive measures has their own limitations and vulnerabilities. This paper proposes an enhanced method of preventing fault attacks in AES by incorporating a combination of non-linear and linear diffusion techniques. This method identifies if a fault has been injected and diffuses the fault well into the matrix, providing no information about the secret key to the attacker. The performance evaluation proves that the proposed prevention method outperforms the others in terms of time, cost and efficiency