A NEW PRENYLATED FLAVANONE FROM THE ARIAL PART OF Orthosiphon stamineus

ABSTRACT Phytochemicalinvestigations on the chloroform extract of the arial part of Orthosiphon stamineus resulted in isolation of one new prenylated compound 5,7-dimethoxy-3,4\u27-dihydroxy-3:8-di-C-preny/flavanonetogether with four known flavonoids compounds, sinensetin, eupatorin, 5,6.7,4\u27-tetramethoxyflavone and 3-hydroxy-5,6.7,4\u27- tetramethoxyflavone.The structures were deduced on basis of different analytical methods such as UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C_NMR, DEPT, COSY, HMBQ and GC-MS. The prenylated compound is reported for the first time from this plant. Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus, prenylated flavanone, flavonoid

Apoptotic properties of polysaccharide isolated from fruiting bodies of medicinal mushroom Fomes fomentarius in human lung carcinoma cell line

AbstractMushrooms are known to complement chemotherapy and radiation therapy by countering the side effects of cancer. Recently, there has been great interest in isolation of novel bioactive compounds from mushrooms due to their numerous health beneficial effects. Chemically water-extractable polysaccharide (MFKF-AP1β), with a molecular weight of 12kDa, was isolated from fruiting bodies of mushroom Fomes fomentarius. In this research, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of MFKF-AP1β on human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Results showed that MFKF-AP1β markedly inhibited A549 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner based on the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released and morphological alterations. In addition, MFKF-AP1β induced cellular apoptosis by causing single-stranded DNA breakage, as evidenced by apoptosis assay. Furthermore, MFKF-AP1β (25–100μg/ml) significantly induced single-stranded DNA breakage in A549 cells, as shown by comet assay.Taken together, our results demonstrate that MFKF-AP1β has strong anti-tumor effects mediated through induction of apoptosis. Therefore, MFKF-AP1β could be useful in lung chemotherapy

In vitro control of plant pathogenic Xanthomonas spp. using Poncirus trifoliata Rafin

The secondary metabolites such as essential oil and pure compounds (limonin and imperatorin) from Poncirus trifoliata Rafin were tested for in vitro control of phytopathogenic bacteria of Xanthomonas spp. In vitro studies showed that the oil had inhibitory effect on Xanthomonas campestris pv. compestris KC94-17-XCC, Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria YK93-4-XCV, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae KX019-XCO and Xanthomonas sp. SK12 with their inhibition zones and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 13.1~22.1 mm and 62.5~125 μg/ml, respectively. Limonin and imperatorin also had in vitro antibacterial potential (MIC: 15.62~62.5 μg/ml) against all the tested Xanthomonas spp. Furthermore, the SEM studies demonstrated that limonin and imperatorin caused morphological changes of Xanthomonas sp. SK12 at the minimum inhibitory concentration (15.62 μg/ml). These results of this study support the possible use of essential oil and natural compounds from P. Trifoliata in agriculture and agro-industries to control plant pathogenic microorganisms

A case of primary aldosteronism combined with acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

AbstractAldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma can induce various clinical manifestations as a result of chronic exposure to aldosterone. We report a rare case of a 37-year-old man who complained of general weakness and polyuria. He was diagnosed with aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Aldosterone enhances the secretion of potassium in the collecting duct, which can lead to hypokalemia. By contrast, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, which manifests as polyuria and polydipsia, can occur in several clinical conditions such as acquired tubular disease and those attributed to toxins and congenital causes. Among them, hypokalemia can also damage tubular structures in response to vasopressin. The patient’s urine output was >3 L/d and was diluted. Owing to the ineffectiveness of vasopressin, we eventually made a diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy and intraoperative kidney biopsy were subsequently performed. The pathologic finding of kidney biopsy revealed a decrease in aquaporin-2 on immunohistochemical stain

A diterpenoid sugiol from Metasequoia glyptostroboides with α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory potential

Nowadays use of plant derived natural compounds have become a topic of increasing interest in food and medicine industries due to their multitude of biological and therapeutic properties. In this study, a diterpenoid compound sugiol, isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboideswas evaluated for α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory efficacy in terms of its potent anti-diabetic and anti-melanogenesis potential, respectively. As a result, sugiol at the concentration range of (100-10,000 µg/mL) and (20-500 µg/mL) showed potent efficacy on inhibiting α-glucosidase and tyrosinase enzymes in vitro ranging from 12.34-63.47% and 28.22-67.43%, respectively. These findings confirm the therapeutic potential of diterpenoid compound sugiol from M. glyptostroboides as a novel candidate for using in food and medicine industry which may have practical potential to cure skin and diabetes mellitus type-2 related disorders

Antifungal potential of essential oil and ethanol extracts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. against dermatophytes

The antifungal potential of essential oil and ethanolic leaf extracts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. was evaluated for controlling the growth of dermatophytes. The oil (1,000 ppm) and extracts (1,500 ppm) of L. japonica revealed 55.1–70.3 % and 40.1–65.5 % antidermatophytic effect against Microsporum canis KCTC 6348, 6349, 6591, Trichophyton rubrum KCTC 6345, 6352, 6375, Trichophyton mentagrophytes KCTC 6077 and 6085, respectively, along with their respective minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 62.5-500 and 125-1,000 μg/ml. Also, the oil had strong detrimental effect on spore germination of all the tested dermatophytes as well as concentration and time-dependent kinetic inhibition of M. canis KCTC 6348. The results demonstrated that L. japonica oil and extracts could be potential sources of natural fungicides to protect human and animals from fungal infections

A NEW PRENYLATED FLAVANONE FROM THE ARIAL PART OF <i>Orthosiphon stamineus</i>

Phytochemical investigations on the chloroform extract of the arial part of Orthosiphon stamineus resulted in isolation of one new prenylated compound 5,7-dimethoxy-3,4′-dihydroxy-3′,8-di-C-prenylflavanone together with four known flavonoids compounds, sinensetin, eupatorin, 5,6,7,4¢-tetramethoxyflavone and 3-hydroxy-5,6,7,4¢-tetramethoxyflavone. The structures were deduced on basis of different analytical methods such as UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, COSY, HMBQ and GC-MS. The prenylated compound is reported for the first time from this plant.   Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus, prenylated flavanone, flavonoid