Analysis of the semantic network of post-traumatic stress disorder using Korean social big data

Introduction: In this study, we wanted to examine how post-traumatic stress disorder was discussed in Korean newspaper articles with semantic network analysis suitable for unstructured big data analysis. Methods: This study analyzed 11,304 articles related to post-traumatic stress reported by four major Korean newspapers for three years from July 30, 2017, to July 30, 2020. R 3.6.2 program was used to calculate TF and TF-IDF values, and UCINET 6.0 and interlocked NetDraw was used for DC, EC, and CONCOR values. Results: As a result of deriving 50 major keywords with high TF-IDF values ​​in newspaper articles related to a post-traumatic stress disorder, TF-IDF values were high in the order of 'sick leave', 'solitary confinement', 'detention center', 'standing order', and 'prisoner'. As a result of conducting a CONCOR analysis to determine which sub-clusters keywords are classified into, the researcher derived each cluster based on words included: 'PTSD by crops' (cluster 1), 'PTSD by broadcasting accidents' (clusters), 'PTSD by farm livestock accidents' (cluster 3), and 'PTSD by various accidents' (cluster 4). Conclusions Based on the research results, post-traumatic stress disorder needs to be managed nationally. As such, we intend to provide basic data for policy development and intervention programs

Input of terrestrial organic matter linked to deglaciation increased mercury transport to the Svalbard fjords

Deglaciation has accelerated the transport of minerals as well as modern and ancient organic matter from land to fjord sediments in Spitsbergen, Svalbard, in the European Arctic Ocean. Consequently, such sediments may contain significant levels of total mercury (THg) bound to terrestrial organic matter. The present study compared THg contents in surface sediments from three fjord settings in Spitsbergen: Hornsund in the southern Spitsbergen, which has high annual volume of loss glacier and receives sediment from multiple tidewater glaciers, Dicksonfjorden in the central Spitsbergen, which receives sediment from glacifluvial rivers, and Wijdefjorden in the northern Spitsbergen, which receive sediments from a mixture of tidewater glaciers and glacifluvial rivers. Our results showed that the THg (52 +/- 15 ng g(-1)) bound to organic matter (OM) was the highest in the Hornsund surface sediments, where the glacier loss (0.44 km(3) yr(-1)) and organic carbon accumulation rates (9.3 similar to 49.4 g m(-2) yr(-1)) were elevated compared to other fjords. Furthermore, the delta C-13 (-27 similar to -24 parts per thousand) and delta S-34 values (-10 similar to 15 parts per thousand) of OM indicated that most of OM were originated from terrestrial sources. Thus, the temperature-driven glacial melting could release more OM originating from the meltwater or terrestrial materials, which are available for THg binding in the European Arctic fjord ecosystems.11Ysciescopu

Echo Path Transfer Function Estimation for Spectral Subtraction-based Acoustic Echo Suppression

In this study, we propose a novel technique for spectral subtraction (SS)-based acoustic echo suppression (AES). Conventional AES methods based on SS apply fixed weights to the estimated echo path transfer function (EPTF) at the current signal segment and to the EPTF estimated until the previous time interval. We propose a new EPTF estimation approach that adaptively updates the weight parameters in response to abrupt changes in the acoustic environment. From the experiments, we conclude that the developed techniques can be successfully used for the SS-based AES systems

Association between volume status assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis, lung ultrasound, or weight change and mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy

Background Fluid overload is an independent risk factor of mortality in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). However, the association between fluid status, as assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) or lung ultrasound, and survival in patients with AKI requiring CKRT has not been established. Methods We analyzed 36 participants with sepsis-associated AKI who received CKRT at a tertiary hospital. The main exposures were volume surrogates: 1) overhydration normalized by extracellular water (OH/ECW, L/L) assessed by BIA, 2) the number of B-lines measured by lung ultrasound, and 3) weight change ([body weight at CKRT initiation – body weight at admission] × 100/body weight at admission). The primary outcome was the 28-day mortality. Results Seventeen participants (47.2%) died within 28 days. There were no significant correlations between OH/ECW and weight change (R2 = 0.040, p = 0.24), number of B-lines and OH/ECW (R2 = 0.056, p = 0.16), or weight change and number of B-lines (R2 = 0.014, p = 0.49). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that patients in the highest tertile of OH/ECW showed a significantly lower cumulative 28-day survival probability than the others (the lowest + middle tertiles). The survival probability of participants in the highest tertile of the number of B-lines or weight change did not differ from that of their counterparts. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, the hazard ratio for the highest tertile of OH/ECW was 3.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.04–14.03). Conclusion Volume overload assessed using BIA (OH/ECW) was associated with the 28-day survival rate in patients with sepsis-associated AKI who received CKRT

miRNA regulation of cytotoxic effects in mouse Sertoli cells exposed to nonylphenol

Background: It is known that some environmental chemicals affect the human endocrine system. The harmful effects of endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) nonylphenol (NP) have been studied since the 1980s. It is known that NP adversely affects physiological functions by mimicking the natural hormone 17 beta-estradiol. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of miRNAs and their target genes in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells to better understand the regulatory roles of miRNAs on Sertoli cells after NP exposure. Methods: Mouse TM4 Sertoli cells were treated with NP for 3 or 24 h, and global gene and miRNA expression were analyzed using Agilent mouse whole genome and mouse miRNA v13 arrays. Results: We identified genes that were > 2-fold differentially expressed in NP-treated cells and control cells (P < 0.05) and analyzed their functions through Gene Ontology analysis. We also identified miRNAs that were differentially expressed in NP-treated and control cells. Of the 186 miRNAs the expression of which differed between NP-treated and control cells, 59 and 147 miRNAs exhibited 1.3-fold increased or decreased expression at 3 and 24 h, respectively. Network analysis of deregulated miRNAs suggested that Ppara may regulate the expression of certain miRNAs, including miR-378, miR-125a-3p miR-20a, miR-203, and miR-101a, after exposure to NP. Additionally, comprehensive analysis of predicted target genes for miRNAs showed that the expression of genes with roles in cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and cell death were regulated by miRNA in NP-treated TM4 cells. Levels of expression of the miRNAs miR-135a* and miR-199a-5p were validated by qRT-PCR. Finally, miR-135a* target gene analysis suggests that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following exposure to NP exposure may be mediated by miR-135a* through regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusions: Collectively, these data help to determine NP's actions on mouse TM4 Sertoli cells and increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of xenoestrogens on the reproductive system.This work was supported an Eco-Technopia 21 project grant from the Ministry of Environment (Development of Decision Method of Chromosomal Abnormality in Reproductive System by Toxic Substances at the Korea Institute of Toxicology)

Arterial Injury Associated with Tension-Free Vaginal Tapes-SECUR Procedure Successfully Treated by Radiological Embolization

Various postoperative complications have been reported after the use of tension-free vaginal tapes (TVT). The transobturator approach was introduced to minimize the potential complications. The next generation of recently introduced TVT-SECUR is intended to minimize the incidence of complications. Herein we report a case of internal pudendal artery injury sustained during this procedure that was successfully treated by radiological embolization. Angiography with vessel embolization, when available, should be considered when the arterial injury is suspected

Design of exceptionally strong and conductive Cu alloys beyond the conventional speculation via the interfacial energy-controlled dispersion of gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles

The development of Cu-based alloys with high-mechanical properties (strength, ductility) and electrical conductivity plays a key role over a wide range of industrial applications. Successful design of the materials, however, has been rare due to the improvement of mutually exclusive properties as conventionally speculated. In this paper, we demonstrate that these contradictory material properties can be improved simultaneously if the interfacial energies of heterogeneous interfaces are carefully controlled. We uniformly disperse γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles over Cu matrix, and then we controlled atomic level morphology of the interface γ-Al2O3 //Cu by adding Ti solutes. It is shown that the Ti dramatically drives the interfacial phase transformation from very irregular to homogeneous spherical morphologies resulting in substantial enhancement of the mechanical property of Cu matrix. Furthermore, the Ti removes impurities (O and Al) in the Cu matrix by forming oxides leading to recovery of the electrical conductivity of pure Cu. We validate experimental results using TEM and EDX combined with first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which all consistently poise that our materials are suitable for industrial applications.1