ユーモア ヒョウシュツ ガ ソーシャル サポート オヨビ ヒョウシュツシャ ノ セイシンテキ ケンコウ ニ アタエル エイキョウ : ユーモア ノ ケイタイ ニ チャクモク シテ

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of humor on mental health and social support, focusing on the type of humor. The result of this study indicated that there was a significant difference between men and women only in offensive humor expression. Moreover, the high social support group indicated higher humor expression of all the forms than the low social support group. This result suggests that humor expression of all forms are useful to obtain social support. The low social support group had higher uneasiness and lower well-being than the high social support group. Therefore, social support is useful to promote the both of positive and negative mental health. It was indicated that three kinds of humor expressions affect social support in path analysis. Furthermore, social support affects happiness and uneasiness. In this research, it was shown that the influence process of humor on mental health was different according to the form of humor expression

Cyanide-Bridged Decanuclear Cobalt–Iron Cage

A cyanide-bridged decanuclear [Co6Fe4] cluster was synthesized by a one-pot reaction, and the magnetic properties and electronic configuration were investigated. The complex displayed thermally controlled electron-transfer-coupled spin transition (ETCST) behavior between CoIII low-spin–NC–FeII low-spin and CoII high-spin–NC–FeIII low-spin states, as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray, magnetic, and Mössbauer analyses

Validation of a dietary balance score

This study assessed the validity of dietary balance scores (DBSs) by investigating the association between DBSs and nutrient adequacy (NA) in two Japanese populations. The participants were 65 community-dwelling Japanese from Tokushima Prefecture and 2,330 community-dwelling Japanese from Aichi Prefecture. Based on food frequency questionnaires or 3-day dietary records, we obtained 18 food groups. The NA score integrates nine beneficial nutrients and two nutrients that should be limited. We calculated four different DBSs: DBS1 consisted of five food groups (score range : 0–20), DBS2 consisted of nine food groups (score range : 0–36), DBS3 consisted of eight food groups (score range : 0–32), and DBS4 consisted of 10 food groups (score range : 0–40). Both the Spearman rank correlation coefficient with NA and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for the nine beneficial nutrients were then estimated to test the performance of each DBS in predicting nutrient intake. The results showed that DBS1 and DBS4 were positively correlated with NA, while the AUC-ROC showed that DBS4 could moderately discriminate individuals with adequate intake levels of all nine nutrients. These findings suggest DBSs (especially DBS4) are useful in assessing dietary balance in middle-aged and older community-dwelling Japanese

Identification and Functional Analysis of the Nocardithiocin Gene Cluster in Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis.

Nocardithiocin is a thiopeptide compound isolated from the opportunistic pathogen Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis. It shows a strong activity against acid-fast bacteria and is also active against rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we report the identification of the nocardithiocin gene cluster in N. pseudobrasiliensis IFM 0761 based on conserved thiopeptide biosynthesis gene sequence and the whole genome sequence. The predicted gene cluster was confirmed by gene disruption and complementation. As expected, strains containing the disrupted gene did not produce nocardithiocin while gene complementation restored nocardithiocin production in these strains. The predicted cluster was further analyzed using RNA-seq which showed that the nocardithiocin gene cluster contains 12 genes within a 15.2-kb region. This finding will promote the improvement of nocardithiocin productivity and its derivatives production

Nocardithiocin gene cluster and predicted biosynthesis scheme.

<p>(A) Organization of genes within the cluster. Each gene is color-coded by its putative function. (B) Proposed nocardithiocin biosynthesis pathway based on the chemical structure and putative gene functions. The dehydrogenation reaction forms a thiazole ring (green), dehydration produces dehydroamino acids (red), and the cyclization of the precursor peptide at serines S1 and S10 forms a pyridine ring. Further modifications by P450 monooxygenase (yellow) and methyltransferase (pink) are also indicated.</p

Bacterial strains used in this study.

<p>*The degree of nocardithiocin production was roughly divided into three levels: +, obvious production; ±, very slight production; -, no production.</p><p>Bacterial strains used in this study.</p

Nocardithiocin production.

<p>Nocardithiocin production in the wild-type (WT), <i>notL</i> disruptant (<i>ΔnotL</i>), and complement strain (Comp.) was analyzed by HPLC.<i>ΔnotL</i> strain containing an empty vector (Empty) was used as the control. The arrowheads indicate the nocardithiocin peak.</p

Confirmation of nocardithiocin production.

<p>HPLC analysis of the nocardithiocin production in representative <i>Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis</i> IFM strains. In total, 14 strains were tested (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0143264#pone.0143264.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). The peak pattern did not differ considerably between the strains, therefore representative data are shown. The red line indicates the elution time of nocardithiocin.</p