キョウイン ヨウセイ カテイ ニオケル リアリスティック アプローチ ドウニュウ ノ リネン ト イギ

本稿は、教員養成課程におけるリアリスティック・アプローチを導入する理念と意義について検討を加えるも のである。リアリスティック・アプローチとはコルトハーヘン（Fred A. J. Korthagen）によって提示されている 教師教育実践のための概念で、教育的実践から効果的な学びを得ようとするものである。現在、教師に求められる資 質の一つに、「学び続ける」ことが含まれているが、それを教員養成段階において修得するために、リアリスティッ ク・アプローチは有効な方法であると言える。教育的な経験を多様な観点から具体的に振り返り、それによって新た な気づきを得ることは、教師自身の内側から生じる学びを可能とする。こうした力は、教師自身が成長をし続けるこ とを支えることが期待される。ただし、同アプローチの受け止め方は学生によって異なるため、それを否定的に受け 止める学生に対して行うべき配慮の仕方を検討したり、また、同アプローチを実践するために教師教育者も自身の経 験を活かした学びができるようになるための取り組みが求められることは留意すべきである。This paper discusses the significance of introducing a realistic approach in teacher education curriculum. The realistic approach is the concept for doing teaching practice presented by Fred A. J. Korthagen, which aims to acquire effectively learning from educational practice. Currently, one of the qualities required of teachers includes the one of the “keep learning”. In order to acquire the quality in a teacher training stage, the realistic approach can be an effective method. Reflecting educational experiences from a variety of viewpoints to earn new recognitions makes teachers learn the inside of the teacher himself. Such power expects teachers to continue to develop themselves. As each student has a different perception of this approach, however, we need to examine how to deal with students who have negative feelings, and also to take the practice to be able to use their own experiences in order to practice the same approach

リアルスティック アプローチ オ モチイタ キョウショク ジッセン エンシュウ ニ ツイテ ノ ケンキュウ

オランダの教育学者であるコルトハーヘンによって提唱されたリアリスティック・アプローチは、経験からの学びを理論に結びつけることによって、教職課程の学びをよリアリスティックに、言い換えれば教職に就いてからの実践に資するものにすることをめざしている。大阪樟蔭女子大学では平成26 年より教職課程の担当教員がリアリスティック・アプローチを軸とした教員養成のあり方について研究会を組織し、教職実践演習の授業をその中核に据え、中高課程と幼小課程の教職担当者がカリキュラム編成と授業方法を協議しながら授業を作り上げている。本研究は、経験とそのリフレクションを一つのユニットとして、7 つのユニットから構成された平成27 年度（一部は平成26 年度も含む）の授業実践について、担当した各教員が具体的な記述を通じてその意義を明らかにするものである。将来教師になる学生の教育にあたる教職課程の授業においては、学生の学びは卒業後に教師となってからようやく評価し得るものと言える。本稿ではこの点の問題提起についても触れていく。Realistic approach, which is advocated by Dutch pedagogist and teacher educator Fred Korthagen, aims to make teacher education programs more realisitic and practical by connecting the experience of students to theories. A study group has been organized in Osaka Shoin Women’s University from 2014. Some teacher educators in this group have a responsibility for the class of “teaching practice training” and discuss the curriculum design and teaching methods of each class, kindergarten/elementary and secondary teacher educa- tion. In this reseach, each teacher educators will describe their concrete practice and show the significance of realsitic learing in the class of 2014 and 2015 which is constituted by the 7 units of experience and reflec- tion. In addition, this research will raise a problem that students’ learing in the teacher education program can not be truly evaluated until they actually work as a teacher

Effect of Hydrated Ionic Liquid on Photocycle and Dynamics of Photoactive Yellow Protein

The mechanism by which proteins are solvated in hydrated ionic liquids remains an open question. Herein, the photoexcitation dynamics of photoactive yellow protein dissolved in hydrated choline dihydrogen phosphate (Hy[ch][dhp]) were studied by transient absorption and transient grating spectroscopy. The photocyclic reaction of the protein in Hy[ch][dhp] was similar to that observed in the buffer solution, as confirmed by transient absorption spectroscopy. However, the structural change of the protein during the photocycle in Hy[ch][dhp] was found to be different from that observed in the buffer solution. The known change in the diffusion coefficient of the protein was apparently suppressed in high concentrations of [ch][dhp], plausibly due to stabilization of the secondary structure

A Prospective Cohort Study Assessing the Relationship between Plasma Levels of Osimertinib and Treatment Efficacy and Safety

Osimertinib is a standard treatment for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We evaluated the relationship between plasma osimertinib concentrations and treatment outcome in patients with NSCLC for this cohort study. The plasma levels of osimertinib and its metabolite AZ5104 were measured a week after the start of treatment (P1). The primary endpoint was to evaluate the correlation between plasma concentration and adverse events (AEs). The correlation with treatment efficacy was one of the secondary endpoints. In patients with CNS metastases, the concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid was also measured. Forty-one patients were enrolled. The frequency of AEs was highest for rash, followed by anorexia and thrombocytopenia. Thirty-eight cases provided measurements for P1. The median plasma concentration of osimertinib was 227 ng/mL, and that of AZ5104 was 16.5 ng/mL. The mean CNS penetration rate of two cases was 3.8%. The P1 in the group with anorexia was significantly higher than that in the group without anorexia (385.0 ng/mL vs. 231.5 ng/mL, p = 0.009). Divided into quartiles by P1 trough level, Q2 + Q3 (164–338 ng/mL) had longer PFS, while Q1 and Q4 had shorter PFS. An appropriate plasma level of osimertinib may avoid some adverse events and induce long PFS. Further large-scale trials are warranted

Sr、Nd同位体と希土類元素組成を用いた北極海カナダ海盆西部域の珪酸塩砕屑粒子の起源および季節変動の解析

http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/mirai/mr12-e03/

Sr、Nd同位体比と微量元素組成を用いた北極海カナダ海盆西部域の沈降粒子中の珪酸塩砕屑粒子の起源解析

http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/mirai/mr10-05_leg1/