The Impact of Training on Medication Error Rate of the Emergency Department in Hospitals Affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences

AbstractIntroduction: Medication errors are the most common type of medical errors that cancause serious problems for public health and are considered a threat to patient safety.This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of patient safety trainingon nurses’ medication errors at the emergency department of a hospital of GolestanProvince in Iran.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted from March toSeptember 2016. The study population consisted of nurses working at a hospitalaffiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences and a sample of 40 nurses atthe emergency department of this hospital were selected through a census. Thedata collection tools used included a demographic questionnaire and Wakefield’sMedication Error questionnaire for nurses (consisting of 21 domains), which wereused once their reliability was confirmed. A patient safety training program wasdesigned and implemented for the selected emergency nurses in the form of a twodayworkshop. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS-18 software with theWilcoxon test.Results: Results showed that the rate of medication errors (80.62%) of nurses wereat a low level. The majority of nurses (80.62%) scored low in terms of the frequencyof medication errors; after the training, a significantly greater number of nurses scoredlow in terms of this index (90.31%; P < 0.001). The analyses showed the effectivenessof the patient safety training program for nurses in the two domains of wrong timeerror and missed dose error (P < 0.001); however, the training had no significant effects in the other domains.Conclusions: As patient safety training can be effective on nurses’ medication errors,retraining courses on safe medication administration are necessary regarding nurses’significant role in the prevention of medication errors

The Effect of Romberg Exercise on Falling Episodes of Elderlies With History of Past Fallings

Objectives: To investigate the effect of Romberg exercise on balance improvement in elderly persons, 70 elderly persons with the history of two or more falling during recent 3 months were selected from Kahrizak nursing home in Tehran (38 as cases and 32 as controls). Methods & Materials : Romberg exercise was done in case group every day (45 minute per day and one time each day) for 3 months. Among all persons, 28 persons in case group and 21 persons in control group were followed for 6 months and incidence and frequency of falling were assessed during this time. Results: The Incidence of one or more falling in case and control groups was 31.3% and 47.6% in men and 57.9% and 27.3% in women, respectively. We found no significant relation between gender and the incidence of falling (P=0.460). Also, no significant relation was found between age and incidence (P=0.554) and frequency of falling (P=0.144) in elderly persons. Conclusion: Although the effect of Romberg exercise on improvement of balance disturbance and falling was not demonstrated, it needs additional studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up

Physiologic indices of patients before, during and after visit in coronary care unit at Imam Khomeini hospital in Ardebil

Physiologic indices of patients before, during and after visit in       coronary care unit at Imam Khomeini hospital in Ardebil                                                                                                                                                    Kamrani, F.1* (MSN); Seyedjavadi, M.2 (MSN); Abedsaeedi, Zh.3 (PhD); Ezzati, Zh.4  (MSN); Alavimajd, H.5  (PhD);  Hosseinian, A.6 (MD) 1. Lecturer, Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti    University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Alumnus, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science,    Tehran, Iran3. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid    Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.4. Lecture, Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti    University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.5. Associate Professor, Dept. of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of    Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.6. Cardiologist, Faculty of Medicine, Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran. Abstract Background and aimVisit is an essential issue in hospitals and of patients' basic needs in coronary care units (CCUs). However, there is no evidence regarding its physiologic effects on  them. The aim of this was to determine the physiologic indexes of patients before, during and after visit at CCU of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardebil. Materials and methodsIn this descriptive study, 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction were selected through convenience sampling method. A questionnaire and a cardiac monitoring device were used for data collection. Content method and calibration the device were used for validity and reliability of the tools respectively. ANOVA with repeated measurements was used for data analysis. Findings %72 of patients was male and %28 was female. Their mean age was 59.8. Significant differences were found between systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures; heart as well as respiratory rates; temperature; and oxygen saturation before, during and after the visits. Accordingly, the indexes increased significantly by the start of visits and turned back to the previous state after them with no significant difference in before-after amounts. ConclusionIt seems that the physiologic indices of patients change in normal range during visits and return to their primary state after 30 minutes from the end of visits with no clinical importance. Keywords: Visit, Coronary Care Unit (CCU), Physiologic indexes. *Corresponding Author: Lecturer, Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]  

Characteristics of Falls Among Institutionalized Elderly People

Objectives: Falls by elderly people area frequent cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in institutionalized elders. to describe the features of falls among institutionalized elderly people. Methods & Materials: characteristics of falls in the preceding six months (March 2006 - September 2006) that occurred among elder lies (aged over 60years) with normal physical function and cognitive status, who lived at Kahrizak Institute, along term nursing home in Tehran, were surveyed and analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients with falls was 76.9 yrs. These numbers of falls had occurred among 29 elders that 48.3% were women and 51.7% were men. 57.6% off alls were simple and elders could standup immediately independently. 42.4% of falls needed to help for standup, 2 elder person (2.6%) had sever consequence of fall and had fractures. (Skull fracture, head trauma & hip fracture) 30.3% of falls occurred in yard, 28.9% at room, 18.4%inhallway, 14.5% at WC, .3.9%at bathroom, and 3.9% at lunch saloon. Analysis of the time of falls showed: 45.3% of falls occurred at 7bl2 am, 13.2% at the lunch time (12bI4), 17% at 14b19, 11.3%at night (19b4 am), and 13.2% at 4b7 am. Conclusion: falls among elder lies occur mainly outside of room. And occur at the time of maximum activities, for example at morning; also falls have been happened more in subjects older, and occasionally result in sever injury such as head trauma, skull fracture, femur and pelvis fracture and cause more mortality and morbidity. Control of environmental risk factors could be protective factors against falls

Dicephalic parapagus tribrachius conjoined twins in a triplet pregnancy: a case report.

Dicephalic parapagus tribrachius conjoined twin is a very rare condition. We present a case of 5-days-old male dicephalic parapagus conjoined twins. The conjoined twins were diagnosed in 4(th) month of pregnancy by ultrasonography. The pregnancy terminates at 36 weeks by cesarean section and triplets were born. The babies were male conjoined twins and another healthy male baby. Many congenital defects of interest can now be detected before birth. Sever form of this malformation precludes postpartum life. It is supposed that with advances in screening methods for prenatal diagnosis these cases are terminated in first or second trimester of pregnancy

Relative and Absolute Reliability of Timed Up and Go Test in Community Dwelling Older Adult and Healthy Young People

Objectives: Relative and absolute reliability are psychometric properties of the test that many clinical decisions are based on them. In many cases, only relative reliability takes into consideration while the absolute reliability is also very important. Methods & Materials: Eleven community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older (69.64±3.58) and 20 healthy young in the age range 20 to 35 years (28.80±4.15) using three versions of Timed Up and Go test were evaluated twice with an interval of 2 to 5 days. Results: Generally, the non-homogeneity of the study population was stratified to increase the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) this coefficient in elderly people is greater than young people and with a secondary task is reduced. In This study, absolute reliability indices using different data sources and equations lead to in more or less similar results. At general, in test–retest situations, the elderly more than the young people must be changed to be interpreted as a real change, not random. The random error contribution is slightly greater in elderly than young and with a secondary task is increased.It seems, heterogeneity leads to moderation in absolute reliability indices. Conclusion: In relative reliability studies, researchers and clinicians should pay attention to factors such as homogeneity of population and etc. As well as, absolute reliability beside relative reliability is needed and necessary in clinical decision making

How Many Changes in Sit to stand-5 Repetition Test is Real in Community Dwelling Older Adult and Healthy Young People

Objectives: Relative and absolute reliability are the important aspects of the test that many clinical decisions are based on them. in many cases, the only basis for the decision is relative reliability while the absolute reliability is also very important. This study aimed to measure and calculate the relative and absolute reliability of Sit To sand-5 repetition. Methods and Materials: 11 community-dwelling older adults 65 years and older (69.64±3.58) and 20 healthy young in the age range 20 to 35 years (28.80±4.15) using Sit to Stand-5repetition were evaluated twice with an interval of 2 to 5 days. Results: The "Minimal Detectable Changes" in seniors was 29.5 seconds and Youth 3.02 seconds and "Coefficient of Variation" were 27% and 19% respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed in assessing progress during treatment sessions or judgment about progression or regression, elderly people must more change than young to consider change as a real change not accidentally