Vlivy pesticidů používaných ve vinohradnické praxi na necílové organizmy

Fungicides are among the most widely used agrochemicals in the world. These pesticides are mixed with wetting agents (surfactants), which improve in particular the physical properties of the fungicides. In recent years, the consumption of wetting agents has grown. Unfortunately, it was not investigated their direct effect or the synergistic effect, which can adversely affect on non-target organisms, but in this study the effect of fungicides, surfactants and their combinations (the so-called synergistic effect) on non-target organisms was investigated. The research was focused on the sublethal effect of individual products. Test spiders belonged to the Philodromus genus. This genus was chosen due their high predatory ability, which is going in winter months too. Spiders of the genus Philodromus are also the most abundant spiders on vineyards and fruit orchards. Spiders were subjected to the application of test preparations in laboratory conditions. After application of the chemical preparation, they were followed for two days and fed with fruit flies. Based on their predatory ability, the impact of individual chemicals and their sub-lethal effects was assessed. Research has shown that the Karathane New fungicide in combination with the Trend 90 surfactant reduced predatory ability of females, but did not show this effect in males group. Vice versa, the combination of IQ Crystal fungicide and Trend 90 surfactant increased the predatory ability of males. This study demonstrated the synergistic effect of fungicid preparations and surfactants. The research will continue due to the unusualness of this issue