Case study of the Saujana Aromatica Spa and Beauty: Market growth a quest to achieve sustainable enterprise

This case examines the impact of the internal and external environment on enterprise business specifically on spa and beauty business. Financial, human and technical constraints appeared to be a major setback for these companies to grow and expand. Ineffective joint venture and lack of effective marketing plan further worsen the company’s earnings as the losses occurred due to poor resources management and limited sources of earning which is mainly from spa service and sales commission.The aim of the case is to emphasis on issues faced by the spa and beauty business specifically registered under enterprise status

Relationship among foreign direct investment, economic growth and CO2 emission: A panel data analysis

This study aims to investigate the effects of foreign direct investment and economic growth on CO2 emission.The panel data for the period of 1992 to 2012 from 15 developing countries were collected.The Johansen co-integration was conducted and the results show that there is cointegrated relationship between the variables (FDI, CO2 and GDP).Then the FMOLS was done and it was found that in the long run foreign direct investment does not have any effect on CO2 emission.Therefore, it suggests that an increase in FDI does not influence CO2 emission. However an increase in economic growth can intensify CO2 emission.Therefore, the developing countries should formulate policies on the environment in order to accomplish economic sustainability.At last, Granger causality based on VECM was employed and the results suggest there is no effect of FDI and GDP on CO2 emission in the short run

Relationship among Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth and CO2 Emission: A Panel Data Analysis

This study aims to investigate the effects of foreign direct investment and economic growth on CO2 emission. The panel data for the period of 1992 to 2012 from 15 developing countries were collected. The Johansen co-integration was conducted and the results show that there is co-integrated relationship between the variables (FDI, CO2 and GDP). Then the FMOLS was done and it was found that in the long run foreign direct investment does not have any effect on CO2 emission. Therefore, it suggests that an increase in FDI does not influence CO2 emission. However an increase in economic growth can intensify CO2 emission. Therefore, the developing countries should formulate policies on the environment in order to accomplish economic sustainability. At last, Granger causality based on VECM was employed and the results suggest there is no effect of FDI and GDP on CO2 emission in the short run. Keywords: CO2 emissions; economic growth; foreign direct investment JEL Classifications: Q4; Q

Bank Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Commercial Bank Profitability: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

The study examines the bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants of banks profitability in Nigeria analyzing audited financial reports of selected sixteen (16) commercial banks over the period of 2010 to 2015 making up to 96 observations. The study identified that existing studies are sketchy in developing economies even though many studies have emerge in developed economies. The bank profitability is measured by return on assets and return on equity as function of bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants. Using the balanced panel data set, the empirical results of the study shows that capital adequacy and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on bank profitability. However, efficiency ratio have a negative and significant effect on bank profitability. With regards to macroeconomic variable, GDP growth also have a positive and significant impact on banks profitability. The empirical results of the study suggested that banks can improve their profitability through increasing capital and liquidity, decreasing operating cost with conscious effort to maintain transparency in their operations. In addition, a good economic environment for financial institutions foster increase in bank profitability. Hence, the study recommends that further studies can expand the scope while extending to other industries as well.&nbsp

Re-Intubation among critical care patients: a scoping review

Objective: This paper aimed to identify relevant literature about what are the factors that contributing to the re-intubation and current intervention to overcome it among critical care patients. Methods: A scoping review was carried out with the 17 articles which publish with the year 2010 to 2021. The literature search was systematically done by using PRISMA flow diagram. The quality assessment was conducted by using Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) assessment tool and the authors applied inter-rater reliability for the included articles. Results: Four themes were emerged in this scoping review. Those were the criteria for extubation, factors of extubation failure and re-intubation, medical conditions associated with re-intubation, and intervention to reduce reintubation rate among critical care patients. Conclusion: The rate of re-intubation among critical care patients can be reduced when protective measures take place properly. Those are the use of non-invasive ventilation in between successful spontaneous breathing trials and extubation, the proper usage of analgesics and sedatives during extubation and monitoring the indicators like blood urea nitrogen and central venous pressur