Research into the concept of enterpreneurial university and institutional factors of its activity

Nowadays innovation development moves to the regional level and questions connected with the generation and commercialization of new knowledge gain an increasing importance. Thereof universities as sources of basic and applied research change and start playing an important role in the innovative system. These tendencies find reflection in the concept of entrepreneurial university. It is necessary to consider the existing theoretical approaches to the definition of the concept “entrepreneurial university” on the basis of the analysed Russian and foreign literature; to define the essence of entrepreneurial university and the role that it plays in economic development. It is necessary to reveal the main directions and to define external and internal institutional factors of the activity of entrepreneurial universities. This study uses a systemic approach and accumulates a wide range of theoretical definitions of the concept “entrepreneurial university”. A hierarchical approach is used to carrying out the analysis of institutional factors and creation of a conceptual model of institutional factors of entrepreneurial universities activity. The analysis of the existing approaches to the concept of “entrepreneurial university” is carried out, the main activities and institutional factors having impact on the activity of entrepreneurial universities are revealed. The necessity of developing entrepreneurial universities within cluster and network collaboration in the region is also defined. On the basis of the conducted research it is possible to proceed with follow-up works on the formation of a uniform complex definition of the concept of “entrepreneurial university”, expansion of the set of institutional factors that determine the activity of entrepreneurial universities. Continuation of the research is possible in the sphere of development of a technique of the assessment of th activity of entrepreneurial universities and ways of transition from the traditional university to entrepreneurial ones.В настоящее время развитие инноваций переходит на региональный уровень и вопросы, связанные с генерацией и коммерциализацией нового знания, приобретают все большую значимость. Вследствие этого университеты как источники фундаментальных и прикладных исследований претерпевают изменения и начинают играть важную роль в инновационной системе. Данные тенденции находят отражение в концепции предпринимательского университета. Необходимо рассмотреть существующие теоретические подходы к определению концепции «предпринимательский университет» на основании проанализированной российской и зарубежной литературы. Определить сущность предпринимательского университета и роли, которые он играет в экономическом развитии. Выявить основные направления, определить и оценить значимость внешних и внутренних факторов деятельности предпринимательских университетов. Исследование использует системный подход и объединяет широкий спектр теоретических определений концепции «предпринимательский университет». Используется иерархический подход для проведения анализа институциональных факторов и построения концептуальной модели институциональных факторов деятельности предпринимательских университетов. Проведен анализ существующих подходов к понятию «предпринимательский университет», выявлены основные направления деятельности и институциональные факторы, оказывающие влияние на деятельность предпринимательских университетов. Проведена оценка значимости показателей при реализации университетом предпринимательской функции. Также определена необходимость развития предпринимательских университетов в рамках кластерно-сетевого взаимодействия в регионе. На основании проведенного исследования возможно базировать последующие работы, связанные с формированием единого комплексного определения понятия «предпринимательский университет», расширения совокупности институциональных факторов деятельности предпринимательских университетов. Продолжение исследования возможно в сфере разработки методики оценки деятельности предпринимательских университетов и путей перехода от традиционного университета к предпринимательскому

Experimental study on forced ventilation in dead-end mine working with various setbacks of the ventilation pipeline from the working face

The study of airflow patterns at the ends of dead-end mine workings is crucial for optimizing underground mining ventilation systems. Understanding these patterns forms the basis for designing and implementing effective ventilation strategies. Previous studies have shed light on the behavior of the main vortex and the formation of stagnant zones in such environments, but these insights remain fragmented and call for a more systematic exploration to integrate them into a comprehensive theory. This paper presents the results of a thorough field investigation into the forced ventilation behavior in a dead-end mine working with a significant cross-sectional area (29.2 m2). We evaluated the impact of varying the setback distance of the ventilation duct’s end from the working face at intervals of 10, 15, 17, 19, and 21 m. The experimental design included precise measurements of turbulent airflow velocities at 25 carefully chosen points (in a 5x5 grid) for each setback distance, covering the area from the working face to beyond the end of the ventilation duct. This included additional measurements taken 1 meter and 10 meters past the termination of the ventilation duct, moving towards the entrance of the working area. The fieldwork was carried out in a typical dead-end stope at the Kupol gold-silver mine in the Chukotka Autonomous District, created by drilling and blasting. The volume of fresh air delivered to the working was maintained at a consistent rate of 17.4 m3/s across all scenarios, aligning with the mine’s standard air flow rate derived from the ventilation requirement for exhaust gases emitted by internal combustion engines of Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) machinery. With the duct’s terminal cross-sectional area at 0.8 m², this resulted in an inflow velocity averaging 21.75 m/s. Additionally, we included insights from three-dimensional numerical simulations performed in ANSYS Fluent, focusing on steady-state air movement and developed turbulence within the dead-end space. A comparative review of both empirical and modeled data shows that the ventilation jet, for all tested setback distances up to 21 m, successfully delivered air to the working face, where it then dispersed and initiated reverse flow patterns. These experiments led to the formulation of a linear relationship between the maximum relative velocity (compared to the initial jet velocity) at a distance of 1 m from the working face and a key geometric factor of the ventilation setup. This factor is the ratio of the duct’s setback distance to a characteristic dimension of the cross-sectional area, calculated as the square root of the cross-sectional area

Исторические аспекты и современное состояние проблемы лечения сочетанного атеросклеротического поражения коронарных и сонных артерий

In this study the primary focus will be on the problem of choosing the treatment tactic in patients with multifocal atherosclerosis. Nowadays, optimal timing of surgical interventions in these patients is controversial. In clinical practice it is usually determined by the severity of the combined coronary and carotid artery disease and the symptoms in patients. There are two main strategies: a staged approach, in which the most affected arteries are primarily revascularized, and a synchronous approach, in which carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and coronary revascularization are performed simultaneously. The presence of severe carotid artery disease is an important incremental risk factor for myocardial infraction after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and needs either concomitant or staged surgical correction. In the absence of randomized controlled trials, guidelines regarding the management of these patients are based on data from single-center retrospective studies. The article indicates historical aspects and current research on multifocal atherosclerosis, as well as clinical guidelines for the management of these patientsВ работе сделан акцент на проблеме выбора тактики лечения пациентов с мультифокальным атеросклерозом. Сложность состоит в том, что на сегодняшний день объем и этапность хирургических вмешательств у данных пациентов являются спорными. В клинической практике тактику лечения определяют степень поражения коронарных и сонных артерий, а также симптоматика пациентов. Существуют две крупные стратегии лечения: этапный подход, при котором в первую очередь вмешательство происходит в наиболее пораженном бассейне, и синхронный, при котором каротидную эндартерэктомию и аортокоронарное шунтирование выполняют одномоментно во время одного наркоза. Пациенты с ишемической болезнью сердца, которым проводят каротидную эндартерэктомию, имеют высокий риск периоперационного инфаркта миокарда. В то же время атеросклероз сонных артерий увеличивает риск инсульта во время аортокоронарного шунтирования. При этом до сих пор отсутствуют крупные рандомизированные исследования, посвященные данной проблеме. В обзоре проанализированы исторические аспекты и современные исследования, посвященные мультифокальному атеросклерозу, а также клинические рекомендации по ведению данной когорты пациентов

Towards effective indirect radioisotope energy converters with bright and radiation hard scintillators of (Gd,Y)3Al2Ga3O12 family

Ceramics of quaternary garnets (Gd,Y)3Al2Ga3O12 doped with Ce, Tb have been fabricated and evaluated as prospective materials for indirect energy converters of α-and β-voltaic. Samples were characterized at excitation with an X-ray source and an intense 150 keV electron beam and showed good temperature stability of their emission and tolerance to irradiation. The role of X-rays accompanied the α-particle emitting in the increase of the conversion efficiency is clarified. The garnet-type structure of the matrix in the developed materials allows the production of quality crystalline mass with a light yield exceeding that of the commonly used YAG: Ce scintillator by a factor of two times. © 2022 Korean Nuclear SocietyMinistry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 075-15-2021-1353, FEUZ-2020-0060; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki, MNiSW: 075-11-2021-070; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian FederationAuthors with affiliations b, d, e and f acknowledge support from Russian Ministry of Science and Education grant No. 075-15-2021-1353 . The scientific equipment provided by shared research facilities “Scientific Research Analytical Center of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” – IREA” was used, with financial support of Russian Federation, represented by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, agreement No. 075-11-2021-070 dated August 19, 2021. The work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (through the basic part of the government mandate, project No. FEUZ-2020-0060 ) (authors with affiliation “c”).Authors with affiliations b, d, e and f acknowledge support from Russian Ministry of Science and Education grant No. 075-15-2021-1353. The scientific equipment provided by shared research facilities “Scientific Research Analytical Center of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” – IREA” was used, with financial support of Russian Federation, represented by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, agreement No. 075-11-2021-070 dated August 19, 2021. The work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (through the basic part of the government mandate, project No. FEUZ-2020-0060) (authors with affiliation “c”)

The Saturation of the Response to an Electron Beam of Ce- and Tb-Doped GYAGG Phosphors for Indirect β-Voltaics

GYAGG:Tb (Ce) scintillators have been confirmed to be promising sources of light emission when excited by an intense 150 keV electron beam. The saturation of the scintillation yield under such excitation conditions has been studied. To explain the results obtained, a model that considers the Auger quenching mechanism was used. The Ce-doped material did not show saturation, whereas a moderate 30% drop of the yield was measured in the Tb-doped sample at the highest excitation beam intensity ~1 A/cm2. This put forward a way to exploit the Tb-doped scintillator for indirect β-voltaic batteries. © 2023 by the authors.National Research Council Canada, NRC; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 075-15-2021-1353, FEUZ 2023-0013The authors at NRC “Kurchatov Institute” and Moscow State University acknowledge support from the Russian Ministry of Science and Education, Agreement No. 075-15-2021-1353. Analytical studies have been carried out using the scientific equipment of NRC Kurchatov Institute IREA. The research at Ural Federal University was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project FEUZ 2023-0013)

Тонометрическое внутриглазное давление у взрослого населения: популяционное исследование

PURPOSE: To study the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) obtained by Maklakov tonometry in different age groups.METHODS: The study evaluated Caucasians without glaucoma aged 45-75. The participants underwent Maklakov tonometry with a 10 g tonometer at 09:00-12:00 with subsequent imprint evaluation by means of NesterovEgorov scale, measurements of central corneal thickness (CCT) and visual acuity. All the participants were divided into 3 groups by age: Group 1 consisted of participants aged 45-55, Group 2 comprised the ones aged 56-65, Group 3 included patients aged 66-75.RESULTS: In total 791 person were enrolled; 1 429 of 1 499 eyes (95.3%) were accepted into the study. IOP in Group I was 16.1±3.3 mmHg in Group 1; 16.3±3.3 in Group 2; 16.2±3.5 mmHg in Group 3. CCT in Group 1 was 545.7±14.6 μm; 545.3±15.4 μm in Group 2; 544.7±14.6 μm in Group 3. Visual acuity was 0.93±0.13 in Group 1; 0.89±0.15 in Group 2; 0.81±0.18 in Group 3. Average IOP in men was 16.4±3.3 mmHg, in women 16.5±3.3 mmHg. Age, vision acuity, CCT and IOP were within the normal distribution; IOP and CCT had no significant differences between the age groups. The measured parameters showed no significant intercorrelation. We found no significant difference between IOP in men and women.CONCLUSION: In a healthy population CCT and IOP values fall within a normal distribution and do not change significantly with age. IOP does not depend on sex. Average IOP in the studied population is 16.2±3.4 mmHg, average CCT is 545.3±15.1 μm.ЦЕЛЬ. Исследовать возрастные нормы внутриглазного давления (ВГД) при использовании тонометрии по Маклакову.МЕТОДЫ. Обследовали лиц европеоидной расы без глаукомы в возрасте 45-75 лет. Исследуемым измеряли ВГД тонометром Маклакова весом 10 грамм в период с 9:00 до 12:00 с последующей оценкой отпечатка по линейке Нестерова - Егорова, измеряли центральную толщину роговицы (ЦТР) и проверяли остроту зрения. Всех исследуемых разделили на три группы по возрасту: группа 1 — 45-55 лет, группа 2 — 56-65 лет, группа 3 — 66-75 лет.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Обследован 791 человек; из 1 499 глаз приняты 1 429 (95,3%). ВГД составило в группе 1 — 16,1±3,3 мм рт.ст.; в группе 2 — 16,3±3,3 мм рт.ст.; в группе 3 — 16,2±3,5 мм рт.ст. ЦТР составило в группе 1 — 545,7±14,6 мкм; в группе 2 — 545,3±15,4 мкм; в группе 3 — 544,7±14,6 мкм. Острота зрения составила в группе 1 — 0,93±0,13; в группе 2 — 0,89±0,15; в группе 3 — 0,81±0,18. Среднее ВГД у мужчин — 16,4±3,3 мм рт.ст., у женщин — 16,5±3,3 мм рт.ст. Возраст, острота зрения, ЦТР и ВГД имеют нормальное распределение; ВГД и ЦТР в разных группах достоверно не различаются. Наблюдаемые параметры ни в одном случае значимо не коррелируют друг с другом. Не выявлено разницы в ВГД у мужчин и женщин.ВЫВОДЫ. В здоровой взрослой популяции ЦТР и ВГД имеют нормальное распределение и не претерпевают значимых изменений с возрастом. ВГД не зависит от пола. Среднее ВГД в исследуемой популяции составляет 16,2±3,4 мм рт.ст., средняя ЦТР — 545,3±15,1 мкм

Importance creative economy in strategic development Russia

В статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с понятием «креативная экономика». Даны определения, связанные с креативностью, описаны креативные индустрии, проанализированы глобальные и национальные тенденции в сфере производства креативных товаров. В результате выдвинуты положения по развитию креативной экономики в России.In the article questions, that are connected with the concept "creative economy" are considered. Definitions connected with creativity are given, the creative industries are described, global and national tendencies in the sphere of creative goods production are analysed. Consequently positions for on creative economy development in Russia are put forward

Mini-technology for obtaining aluminous cement

This article examines the feasibility of producing aluminous cement based on highly dispersed raw materials by using reverberatory electric furnaces with capacities ranging from 1.2 to 4.6 tons/day. A technology is developed for low-temperature solid-phase sintering and tests are performed on the resulting product. Recommendations are given on selecting and minimizing the cost of the necessary production equipment. An alternative sintering-based technology is also proposed, this technology involving the kiln roasting of aluminous cement in a discrete-continuous regime. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York