Seed Priming with Salicylic Acid Alleviates Salt Stress Toxicity in Barley by Suppressing ROS Accumulation and Improving Antioxidant Defense Systems, Compared to Halo- and Gibberellin Priming

Plants are highly sensitive to various environmental stresses, which can hinder their growth and reduce yields. In this study, we investigated the potential of seed priming with salicylic acid (SA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and sodium chloride (NaCl) to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity stress in Hordeum vulgare at the germination and early seedling stages. Exposing H. vulgare seeds to salt stress reduced the final germination percentage and seedling shoot and root growth. Interestingly, all seed treatments significantly improved salt-induced responses, with GA3 being more effective in terms of germination performance, plant growth, and photosynthesis. SA priming exhibited promising effects on antioxidant defense mechanisms, proline, sugar, and ascorbic acid production. Notably, SA priming also suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation and prevented lipid peroxidation. These findings highlight the ability of SA to manage crosstalk within the seed, coordinating many regulatory processes to support plant adaptation to salinity stress

Glycemic dysregulation in a patient with type 2 diabetes treated with 5-azacitidine: a case report

Abstract Background Diabetes and myelodysplastic syndrome are two conditions that may coexist in a single patient, since both diseases are prevalent in the elderly. The pathophysiology of myelodysplastic syndrome involves recurrent genetic mutations, especially in genes controlling epigenetic regulation. Although the pathophysiology of diabetes is not well understood, several studies suggest a role of epigenetics in type 2 diabetes. Case presentation We report here for the first time the case of a 75-year-old Caucasian man who was treated for both diabetes and acute myeloid leukemia secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome, with a temporal association between glycemic dysregulation and the intake of 5-azacitidine. In fact, 2–3 days after starting each 7-day cycle of 5-azacitidine, he reported higher blood glucose levels, requiring an increased dose of self-administered insulin. Conclusion This observation could help to understand the pathophysiology of these two conditions and could encourage physicians to monitor blood glucose levels in patients under hypomethylating agent with a history of diabetes