Polypyrrole-magnetite dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for the determination of rhodamine 6G and crystal violet in textile wastewater

Polypyrrole-magnetite (PPy-Fe3O4) dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE) method combined with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry was developed for the determination of the selected basic dyes in textile wastewater. PPy-Fe3O4 was used as adsorbent due to its stability and excellent conductivity as well as capable of adsorbing the studied dyes. Two basic dyes, Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) and Crystal Violet (CV) were chosen as model compounds. Several important D-μ-SPE parameters were evaluated and optimized including sample pH, amount of adsorbent, extraction time and type of desorption solvents. The optimum PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE conditions were sample solution pH 8, 60 mg of PPy-Fe3O4 adsorbent, 5 min of extraction time and acetonitrile as the desorption solvent. Under the optimized conditions, PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE method showed good linearity in the range of 0.05-7 mg/L with coefficient of determination R2 > 0.998. The method showed good limit of detection (LOD) for the basic dyes (0.05 mg/L) and good analyte recoveries (97.4 to 111.3%) with relative standard deviations (RSD) < 10%. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of real textile wastewater where the concentration found was 1.03±7.9% mg/L and 1.13±4.6% mg/L for Rh 6G and CV respectively. From the result, it can be concluded that PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE method can be adopted for the extraction and analysis of trace level basic dyes in short time (total analysis time < 15 min)

Polypyrrole-magnetite dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for the determination of rhodamine 6G and crystal violet in textile wastewater

Polypyrrole-magnetite (PPy-Fe3O4) dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE) method combined with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry was developed for the determination of the selected basic dyes in textile wastewater. PPy-Fe3O4 was used as adsorbent due to its stability and excellent conductivity as well as capable of adsorbing the studied dyes. Two basic dyes, Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) and Crystal Violet (CV) were chosen as model compounds. Several important D-μ-SPE parameters were evaluated and optimized including sample pH, amount of adsorbent, extraction time and type of desorption solvents. The optimum PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE conditions were sample solution pH 8, 60 mg of PPy-Fe3O4 adsorbent, 5 min of extraction time and acetonitrile as the desorption solvent. Under the optimized conditions, PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE method showed good linearity in the range of 0.05-7 mg/L with coefficient of determination R2 > 0.998. The method showed good limit of detection (LOD) for the basic dyes (0.05 mg/L) and good analyte recoveries (97.4 to 111.3%) with relative standard deviations (RSD) < 10%. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of real textile wastewater where the concentration found was 1.03±7.9% mg/L and 1.13±4.6% mg/L for Rh 6G and CV respectively. From the result, it can be concluded that PPy-Fe3O4-D-μ-SPE method can be adopted for the extraction and analysis of trace level basic dyes in short time (total analysis time < 15 min)

Advances in organic-inorganic hybrid sorbents for the extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants in different types of food and environmental samples

The efficiency of the extraction and removal of pollutants from food and the environment has been an important issue in analytical science. By incorporating inorganic species into an organic matrix, a new material known as an organic–inorganic hybrid material is formed. As it possesses high selectivity, permeability, and mechanical and chemical stabilities, organic–inorganic hybrid materials constitute an emerging research field and have become popular to serve as sorbents in various separaton science methods. Here, we review recent significant advances in analytical solid-phase extraction employing organic–inorganic composite/nanocomposite sorbents for the extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants from various types of food and environmental matrices. The physicochemical characteristics, extraction properties, and analytical performances of sorbents are discussed; including morphology and surface characteristics, types of functional groups, interaction mechanism, selectivity and sensitivity, accuracy, and regeneration abilities. Organic–inorganic hybrid sorbents combined with extraction techniques are highly promising for sample preparation of various food and environmental matrixes with analytes at trace levels

Recent advances in agricultural waste-based adsorbents for the removal of pollutants in water (2017-2020)

Rapid human activities result in the increasing production of pollutants from both industrial processes and agricultural practices, which negatively impact the environment and human health. Most of chemical pollutants are discharged either intentionally or accidentally via water bodies. Therefore, various pollutants removal techniques have been developed including utilization of agricultural waste as adsorbents. Agricultural waste-based adsorbents are easily prepared, cheap and moderately to highly efficient. A good understanding of agricultural waste-based adsorbents would be beneficial for future research improvements as well as industrial applications. Thus, this review aims at shedding light on recent advancements (from year 2017-2020) in the preparation, characterizations and application of agricultural waste-based adsorbents for removal of different types of chemical pollutants in water and wastewater