The effect of surveillance and appreciative inquiry on puerperal infections : a longitudinal cohort study in India

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Development of mucoadhesive in-situ nasal gel formulation for enhanced bioavailability and efficacy of rizatriptan in migraine treatment

This research article focuses on the development of an in-situ nasal gel formulation for the antimigraine agent, Rizatriptan (RZT), to enhance its bioavailability and efficacy in treating migraine. The aim of the study was to overcome the challenges of rapid mucociliary clearance. Carbopol 934P (1–2 %w/v) was added to the primary solution, followed by HPMC K4M (0.4–1.2 %w/v). Different copolymers were tested, and HPMC K4M was chosen due to its compatibility with the other ingredients. The pH of all formulations was in the nasal pH range, and the drug content was above 97% in all batches. Gelling time varied from 1.3 to 8.6 sec, with low gelling time observed when viscosity and mucoadhesive strength were high. The results were analyzed using a statistical model with interactive and polynomial terms. The statistical analysis showed a good correlation between dependent and independent variables, with R2 values of 0.97758 and 0.948931 for viscosity and mucoadhesive strength, respectively. The Cmax of RZT in the brain was significantly higher (p < 0.05) via intra-nasal (340.27 ng) route as compared to the oral route and the same was the case for AUC. Finally, it was concluded that the RZT nasal in-situ gel system improves bioavailability compared with oral route and could provide fast action in migraine therapy

AN EFFORT TO DETERMINE BLOOD GROUP AND GENDER FROM PATTERN OF FINGER PRINTS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Two person having identical fingerprints is about one in 64 thousand millions. A reliable personal identification is critical in the subject of forensics as is faced with many situations like civil, criminal, commercial and latest in financial transaction frauds, where the question of identification becomes a matter of paramount importance. In this study we have made an effort to &quot;study a relationship between pattern of fingerprint, gender and blood group&quot;

Human CD4−8− T cells are a distinctive immunoregulatory subset

Human CD4−8− T cells are a minor subset quantitatively but potentially important in immunity because they are predominantly distributed at body surfaces, and their number and activities increase in autoimmune diseases and decrease with aging. Distinguishing characteristics of CD4−8− T cells are found to include a unique profile of cytokines, including Serpin E1, which is not generated by other T cells, MIF, and TGF-β. At 2–5% of the total in mixtures with CD4 + CD8 T cells, CD4−8− T cells enhance the generation of IFN-γ and IL-17 by up to 12- and 5-fold, respectively, without contributing either cytokine or affecting cytokine production by NK/NKT cells. CD4−8− T cell-derived MIF is their major enhancer and TGFβ their principal inhibitor of CD4 and CD8 T cell cytokine production. Decreases in CD4−8− T cell effects may diminish protective immunity in aging, whereas increases may augment the severity of autoimmune diseases.—Huang, M.-C., Patel, K., Taub, D. D., Longo, D. L., Goetzl, E. J. Human CD4−8− T cells are a distinctive immunoregulatory subset