Sunflower growth irrigated with sewage effluent under organic fertilization

In the semi-arid region of Brazil due to water scarcity, the use of alternative water sources is of vital importance, such as the use of saline waters and treated sewage effluents. Therefore, in the present work, the growth of sunflower plants irrigated with tap water and treated domestic sewage effluent, associated with organic fertilization was evaluated. The research was carried out in a protected environment at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus I, Campina Grande, PB. A completely randomized experimental design with factorial arrangement was used (4 x 2) + 2, with 5 repetitions. the treatments consisted of organic manure dosages (7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15% of manure on a weight basis) and two water sources (supply water and treated domestic sewage effluent). According to the results obtained, it can be indicated that the use of domestic sewage effluent for sunflower irrigation increased sunflower growth in relation to the use of water supply. The application of manure doses of 12.5 and 15% improved the early growth of the sunflower, with significant increases in the growth variables

Chemical characteristics of soil irrigated with produced water treatment and underground water

Irrigation effects of produced water treatment, diluted in underground water, were analyzed through the chemical characteristics of argisol with foraging palm. Assay was performed in a randomized block design (RBD), with five replications, in a subdivided split plot scheme. Splits comprised treatments T1 (100% underground water - UW, control), T2 (75% UW and 25% produced water treatment - PW), T3 (50% UW and 50% PW), T4 (25% UW and 75% PW) and T5 (100% PW), whilst sub splits comprised soil depths (0 - 0.10 m and 0.10 - 0.20 m). The results showed that irrigation with diluted treated water produced no risk of soil salinization. There was evidence of leaching of the mobile ions to the deeper layer of soil, especially sodium and magnesium. The highest risk of sodification was observed for soil irrigated only with groundwater (T1 - control treatment).Los efectos de riego del tratamiento del agua producida, diluida en agua subterránea, se analizaron a través de las características químicas del argisol con palma de forrajeo. El experimento se estableció en un delineamiento experimental de bloques al azar (DBA), con cinco repeticiones, en un esquema de parcelas subdivididas. Las parcelas comprendieron los tratamientos T1 (100% agua subterránea - AS, control), T2 (75% AS y 25% de agua producida - AP), T3 (50% AS y 50% AP), T4 (25% AS y 75% AP) y T5 (100% AT), y en las subparcelas comprendieron las profundidades de muestreo del suelo (0 - 0,10 m y 0,10 - 0,20 m). Los resultados revelaron que la irrigación con agua producida tratada diluida no provocó riesgo de salinización del suelo. Hubo indicio de lixiviación de los iones móviles para la capa más profunda del suelo, principalmente sodio y magnesio. El mayor riesgo de sodificación fue observado para el suelo irrigado sólo con agua subterránea (T1 - tratamiento control

Water consumption of the sunflower crop irrigatedwith saline water

The objective was to evaluate the water consumption of sunflower cultivars irrigated with saline waters. The experimental design utilized was in randomized blocks of a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement. This was composed of two levels of electrical conductivity (ECw) of irrigation water (N1 - 0.6 and N2 - 3.0 dS m-1 at 25 ºC) and four cultivars of sunflower (C1 - Helio 863, C2 - Embrapa 122-V2000, C3 - Catissol 01 and C4 - Multissol), with three replications, each of them with three plants totaling 72 experimental units. There was a reduction in water consumption of sunflower cultivars irrigated with saline water (N2 - 3.0 dS m-1). The irrigation with saline water resulted in a greater volume of drained water in all sunflower cultivarsEste trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar el consumo de agua de cultivares de girasol regados con aguas salinas. El diseño experimental utilizado fue de bloques al azar con arreglo factorial 2 x 4. Éste se compuso de 2 niveles de conductividad eléctrica (CEa) del agua de riego (N1 - 0,6 y N2 - 3,0 dS m-1 a 25 ºC) y cuatro cultivares de girasol (C1 - Helio 863, C2 - Embrapa 122-V2000, C3 - Catissol 01 y C4 - Multissol), con 3 repeticiones, y cada una de ellas con 3 plantas, totalizando 72 unidades experimentales. Se observó una reducción del consumo de agua de los cultivares de girasol regados con agua salina (N2 - 3,0 dS m-1). El riego con agua salina resultó en un mayor volumen de agua drenado, en todos los cultivares de giraso