Crescimento e ganhos genéticos de pupunha na primeira fase do Programa de Melhoramento no Paraná.

Editores técnicos: Marcílio José Thomazini, Elenice Fritzsons, Patrícia Raquel Silva, Guilherme Schnell e Schuhli, Denise Jeton Cardoso, Luziane Franciscon. EVINCI. Resumos

Barriers to the Employment of Welfare Recipients

Dramatic reductions in welfare caseloads since passage of the Personal Responsibility and WorkOpportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 have not allayed policy concerns about the employability of recipients remaining on the rolls. Analysis of potential barriers to employment can address whether current recipients have problems that either singly or in combination make it difficult for them to comply with the new requirements for getting and keeping jobs. In this paper, we explore the prevalence and work effects of 14 potential barriers in a new survey of a representative sample of 753 urban single-mother recipients. We report the prevalence of the barriers and how their number predicts employment rates, controlling for demographic characteristics. We also analyze which individual barriers are associated with employment and how a model inclusive of a comprehensive array of barriers improves upon a traditional human capital model of the work effects of education and work and welfare history. Single mothers who received welfare in 1997 had higher rates of personal health and mental health problems, domestic violence, and children’s health problems than do women in national samples, but they were no more likely than the general population to be drug or alcohol dependent. Only 15 percent of respondents had none of the barriers and almost two-thirds had two or more barriers. The numbers of multiple barriers were strongly and negatively associated with working, and among the individual barriers, low education, lack of access to transportation, poor health, having drug dependence or a major depressive disorder, and several experiences of workplace discrimination reduced employment. Welfare-to-work programs need to be more finely targeted with respect to exemptions and service provision, and states should consider providing longer-term and enhanced supports for those who face low prospects of leaving welfare for employment.

OAO-3 end of mission tests report

Twelve engineering type tests were performed on several subsystems and experiment(s) of the OAO 3 spacecraft near its end of mission. The systems tested include: Princeton experiment package (PEP), fine error system guidance, inertial reference unit, star trackers, heat pipes, thermal control coatings, command and data handling, solar array; batteries, and onboard processor/power boost regulator. Generally, the systems performed well for the 8 1/2 years life of OAO 3, although some degradation was noted in the sensitivity of PEP and in the absorptivity of the skin coatings. Battery life was prolonged during the life of the mission in large part by carefully monitoring the charge-discharge cycle with careful attention not to overcharge

Pré-melhoramento de imbuia (Ocotea porosa) visando à sua conservação ex-situ.

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Pré-melhoramento de populações de imbuia.

A imbuia (Ocotea porosa) é uma espécie em extinção da Floresta Ombrófila Mista, cuja madeira possui alto valor econômico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi efetuar a seleção genética precoce individual por meio do programa Selegen REML/BLUP em germoplasma oriundo das populações de Colombo, PR, Canoinhas e Caçador, SC. Os resultados mostraram que, de um total de 4.888 genótipos, 1.182 genótipos selecionados (42,9 %) eram de Colombo, 1.004 (36,4 %) de Canoinhas e 572 (20,7 %) de Caçador, num total de 2.758 genótipos selecionados. As estimativas dos componentes de variância obtidas para altura de mudas mostraram que a variância genética aditiva dentro de procedências (Va=6,62) é maior que a variância entre procedências (Vproc.=1,33), indicando a possibilidade de predominância de alogamia nas populações estudadas. A herdabilidade individual no sentido restrito no bloco (h2 a), ou seja, dos efeitos aditivos, foi de 0,29 ± 04. O coeficiente de variação genético individual (Cvgi %) foi de 18,72 %. A classificação dos 50 melhores genótipos mostrou ganho de 5,66 cm a 8,72 cm, com estimativa de médias da geração seguinte variando de 19,04 cm a 22,45 cm (de 41,19 % a 63,46 % de superioridade). A procedência Colombo contribuiu com 56 % dos 50 melhores genótipos, Canoinhas com 40 % e Caçador com apenas 4 %.Nota Científica

LDEF polymeric materials: A summary of Langley characterization

The NASA Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) enabled the exposure of a wide variety of materials to the low earth orbit (LEO) environment. This paper provides a summary of research conducted at the Langley Research Center into the response of selected LDEF polymers to this environment. Materials examined include graphite fiber reinforced epoxy, polysulfone, and additional polyimide matrix composites, films of FEP Teflon, Kapton, several experimental high performance polyimides, and films of more traditional polymers such as poly(vinyl toluene) and polystyrene. Exposure duration was either 10 months or 5.8 years. Flight and control specimens were characterized by a number of analytical techniques including ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, scanning electron and scanning tunneling microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and, in some instances, selected solution property measurements. Characterized effects were found to be primarily surface phenomena. These effects included atomic oxygen-induced erosion of unprotected surfaces and ultraviolet-induced discoloration and changes in selected molecular level parameters. No gross changes in molecular structure or glass transition temperature were noted. The intent of this characterization is to increase our fundamental knowledge of space environmental effects as an aid in developing new and improved polymers for space application. A secondary objective is to develop benchmarks to enhance our methodology for the ground-based simulation of environmental effects so that polymer performance in space can be more reliably predicted

Componentes de variância e ganhos genéticos da cultivar de pupunha para palmito BRS 411 em Londrina, PR.

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