Substantiation of approaches to the correction of lipid metabolism disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children with exogenous obesity

BACKGROUND: According to the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of obesity, the plasma level of coenzyme q10 in the correlation relationship with lipid metabolism disorders and functional liver state is of interest to study.AIM: Substantiation of approaches to the correction of lipid metabolism disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children with exogenous obesity based on the content of coenzyme Q10 and its relationship with lipid profile and liver enzymes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The single-center cross-sectional study enlisted the control (n=32, -1.0≤BMI SD score ≤+2.0) and obese (n=40, BMI SD score>+2.0) groups of children with the mean age of 12 yr. In all children BMI, lipidogram, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), plasma coenzyme Q10 and liver ultrasound examination were assessed.RESULTS: Patients of both groups were comparable (p> 0.05) in age and gender. The level of coenzyme Q10 in the compared groups was comparable (p> 0.05) and did not differ in patients with different degrees of obesity. According to the results of the study of the lipid profile in the obese children, the level of HDL was lower, and the level of LDL was higher than that in control group. The highest value of HDL was obtained in the patients with the 1st degree of obesity and the highest level of triglycerides — in the patients with the 4th degree of obesity. The control group demonstrated moderate correlations between endogenous coenzyme Q10 and total cholesterol (r=0.474, p=0.009) which persists in patients with the first degree of obesity (r = 0.548, p = 0.035). There was no difference in AST in the study groups, however, the main group demonstrated elevated ALT and ALT/AST ratio (p <0.001). The highest ALT and ALT / AST ratio were observed in patients with greatest degree of obesity. Eighteen obese children (45%) had ALT / AST ratio ≥1 (in the control group –one patient (3%) (p <0.001), while fourteen patients showed liver enlargement and structure change according to ultrasound (80%). The control group demonstrated moderate correlations between endogenous coenzyme Q10 and total cholesterol (r=0.474, p=0.009) and between coenzyme Q10 and ALT / AST ratio (r=0.412, p=0.023) . In the obese group there was correlation between AI and ALT / AST (r = 0.436, p = 0.006) and in patients with the 1st degree of obesity — between also coenzyme Q10 and ALT (r = 0.875, p <0.001).CONCLUSION: The disturbances in adequate control of cholesterol by coenzyme Q10 in obese children possibly confirming the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can serve as indication to use coenzyme Q10 in order to correct these complications

Metabolic markers and oxidative stress in children’s obesity pathogenesis

The article presents a modern view of obesity as a chronic inflammation of adipose tissue. Obesity is accompanied by metabolic changes in lipid, protein, carbohydrate, mineral metabolism and disorders in the hormonal function of adipose tissue as an endo- and paracrine organ. At the moment, there are searched the biochemical markers of metabolic disorders of obesity. The obesity-related factors (hyperglycemia, increased lipid levels, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, hyperleptinemia, endothelial dysfunction, impaired respiratory function of mitochondria, minerals and microelements deficiency) form and increase oxidative stress making it an integral component of the pathogenesis of obesity and possible complications. Given the important role of Q10 coenzyme in antioxidant tissue protection, the authors discuss the relationship of obesity and metabolic disorders to the endogenous levels of Q10 coenzyme and its possible use for pharmacological correction

Pharmaceutical Development of «Sedoflav» Capsules, Standardization and Validation of Flavonoids Assay Methods

Introduction. Creating a new herbal remedy with a mild generalized effect is an urgent task of modern pharmacology and pharmaceutical technology. The dosage form of an innovative medicinal product should take into account its properties, ensure the effectiveness of the drug and ease of intake.Aim. Creation of hard gelatin capsules with a plant composition-dry extract and validation of methods for quantifying the amount of flavonoids for the preparation of draft regulatory documentation.Materials and methods. The physicochemical and technological properties of the developed dry extract, as well as experimental capsule masses, such as mass loss during drying, bulk volume and granulometric composition, flowability, angle of natural slope, compaction, and parameters of the obtained capsules (solubility, disintegration, etc.) were studied according to the methods described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition. Methods were developed for quantitative determination of flavonoid content in terms of rutin in dry extract and capsules using differential spectrophotometry, which were validated.Results and discussion. During the study of the experimental dry extract, its high hygroscopicity was found, which worsens its technological properties and complicates the encapsulation process. As a result of the addition of auxiliary substances, such as anhydrous lactose and talc, it was possible to obtain an optimal mass for encapsulation, which served as the basis for the creation of the drug «Sedoflav».Conclusion. On the basis of a dry extract of plant composition capsules «Sedoflavt» were developed, its standardization was produced. Methods for quantifying the amount of flavonoids in terms of rutin in experimental dry extract and capsules have been developed and validated

The development and research of antimicrobial activity of pharmaceutical substance based on biologically active ingredients for treatment of seborreic dermatitis

The aim of the study – development a new pharmaceutical substance based on biologically active substances of plant origin for treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.Цель исследования - разработка новой растительной субстанции из биологически активных веществ растительного происхождения для терапии себорейного дерматита

Nanofiber-based delivery of therapeutic peptides to the brain

The delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins to the central nervous system is the biggest challenge when developing effective neuropharmaceuticals. The central issue is that the blood-brain barrier is impermeable to most molecules. Here we demonstrate the concept of employing an amphiphilic derivative of a peptide to deliver the peptide into the brain. The key to success is that the amphiphilic peptide should by design self-assemble into nanofibers wherein the active peptide epitope is tightly wrapped around the nanofiber core. The nanofiber form appears to protect the amphiphilic peptide from degradation while in the plasma, and the amphiphilic nature of the peptide promotes its transport across the blood-brain barrier. Therapeutic brain levels of the amphiphilic peptide are achieved with this strategy, compared with the absence of detectable peptide in the brain and the consequent lack of a therapeutic response when the underivatized peptide is administered