Transcriptional regulatory proteins in central carbon metabolism ofPichia pastorisandSaccharomyces cerevisiae

System-wide interactions in living cells and discovery of the diverse roles of transcriptional regulatory proteins that are mediator proteins with catalytic domains and regulatory subunits and transcription factors in the cellular pathways have become crucial for understanding the cellular response to environmental conditions. This review provides information for future metabolic engineering strategies through analyses on the highly interconnected regulatory networks inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeandPichia pastorisand identifying their components. We discuss the current knowledge on the carbon catabolite repression (CCR) mechanism, interconnecting regulatory system of the central metabolic pathways that regulate cell metabolism based on nutrient availability in the industrial yeasts. The regulatory proteins and their functions in the CCR signalling pathways in both yeasts are presented and discussed. We highlight the importance of metabolic signalling networks by signifying ways on how effective engineering strategies can be designed for generating novel regulatory circuits, furthermore to activate pathways that reconfigure the network architecture. We summarize the evidence that engineering of multilayer regulation is needed for directed evolution of the cellular network by putting the transcriptional control into a new perspective for the regulation of central carbon metabolism of the industrial yeasts; furthermore, we suggest research directions that may help to enhance production of recombinant products in the widely used, creatively engineered, but relatively less studiedP. pastoristhrough de novo metabolic engineering strategies based on the discovery of components of signalling pathways in CCR metabolism

A Solid Phase Extraction Application of Hybrid Nano B2O3/ZrO2 for Separation and Determination of Trace Indium in Environmental Samples

WOS: 000430996100049Hybrid nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest in environmental science, analytical chemistry and atomic spectroscopy. In the present study, a column solid phase extractioo procedure was developed for the separation and preconcentration of indium in various matrixes by using hybrid nanomaterial B2O3/ZrO2 (HNMBZ). Various experimental and analytical parameters such as sample solution pH, sample solution volume, flow rate of sample solution and eluent, volume and concentration of eluent and amount of HNMBZ, effect of common matrix ions and capacity of sorbent were investigated. The adsorbed metal ions on HNMBZ were eluted with 6 mL of 1 mol . L-1 HNO3 solutions and their concentrations were determined by high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS FAAS). Under the optimized conditions, detection limits for indium for 3 pixels and 5 pixels were found as 0. 20 and 0. 16 mu g . L-1, respectively. The accuracy of the procedure was checked by spiked water samples. The developed procedure was successfully applied to real samples for the separation and determination of indium.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110T111, 214Z221]the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK Grants no. 110T111, 214Z221