29 research outputs found
Etiology of cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia: current perspectives
Murat Emul,1 Tevfik Kalelioglu21Department of Psychiatry, Medical School of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University, 2Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Mental Health Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TurkeyAbstract: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are important problems among patients with schizophrenia. A wide spectrum of reasons, ranging from genes to the environment, are held responsible for causing the cardiovascular risk factors that may lead to shortening the life expectancy of patients with schizophrenia. Here, we have summarized the etiologic issues related with the cardiovascular risk factors in schizophrenia. First, we focused on heritable factors associated with cardiovascular disease and schizophrenia by mentioning studies about genetics–epigenetics, in the first-episode or drug-naïve patients. In this context, the association and candidate gene studies about metabolic disturbances in schizophrenia are reviewed, and the lack of the effects of epigenetic/posttranscriptional factors such as microRNAs is mentioned. Increased rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus and disrupted metabolic parameters in schizophrenia are forcing clinicians to struggle with metabolic syndrome parameters and related issues, which are also the underlying causes for the risk of having cardiometabolic and cardiovascular etiology. Second, we summarized the findings of metabolic syndrome-related entities and discussed the influence of the illness itself, antipsychotic drug treatment, and the possible disadvantageous lifestyle on the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or diabetes mellitus. Third, we emphasized on the risk factors of sudden cardiac death in patients with schizophrenia. We reviewed the findings on the arrhythmias such as QT prolongation, which is a risk factor for Torsade de Pointes and sudden cardiac death or P-wave prolongation that is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. For example, the use of antipsychotics is an important reason for the prolongation of QT and some other cardiac autonomic dysfunctions. Additionally, we discussed relatively rare issues such as myocarditis and cardiomyopathy, which are important for prognosis in schizophrenia that may have originated from the use of antipsychotic medication. In conclusion, we considered that the studies and awareness about physical needs of patients with schizophrenia are increasing. It seems logical to increase cooperation and shared care between the different health care professionals to screen and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD)-risk factors, MetS, and diabetes in patients with psychiatric disorders, because some risk factors of MetS or CVD are avoidable or at least modifiable to decrease high mortality in schizophrenia. We suggested that future research should focus on conducting an integrated system of studies based on a holistic biopsychosocial evaluation.Keywords: antipsychotic, cardiovascular risk, MetS, miRNA, QTc, schizophreni
Assessment of cardiovascular risk via atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic coefficient (AC) in patients with bipolar disorder
Hemoglobin A1c as a metabolic risk indicator for cardiovascular morbidity in schizophrenia
Increased mean platelet volume in patients with bipolar disorder in manic and euthymic states
Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios as inflammation markers for bipolar disorder
Plasma nuclear factor kappa level in patients with schizophrenia and comparison with healthy controls
Serum microRNA expression in pregnancies with preeclampsia
Preeclampsia continues to be a mortal disease of pregnant women throughout the world. Recently, geneticists, allied with obstetricians, have opened new frontiers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are members of a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules. They are critical posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. We extracted circulating miRNA from maternal plasma and quantified mir152 and mir-210. We found up-regulated miR-210 levels as well as down-regulated mir-152 levels in preeclampsia patients. We propose that detection of increased mir-210 levels in maternal serum could be used to improve prediction methods for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of preeclampsia