Odor control in sewers using calcium nitrate

Wastewater often creates nuisance odors. Effectiveness of Calcium Nitrate (trade name Bioxide) to control odors was investigated in the collection system of Clark County Sanitation District over a three month period in the summer of 1993. Bioxide feed stations were set up on the nine sewer lines which exhibited highest sulfide concentrations, several miles from the treatment plant. Total sulfide, free sulfide, residual nitrate concentrations, pH and temperature were measured at manholes on each sewer line before reaching the treatment plant and also at the headworks in the treatment plant at various times of the day. Sulfide concentrations were generally reduced to less than 0.1 ppm in all Bioxide-treated sewer lines and also at the headworks. Odor complaint frequency went down with Bioxide treatment. Bioxide is non-hazardous and easier to handle when compared to other chemical oxidizers used to control H{dollar}\sb2{dollar}S

Using Emerging Technologies to Find a Geographic Parking Location in a Dynamic Environment

GPS (Global Positioning System) has now-a-days become very popular because of the ease it provides to find the best and most easiest way to the destination of the user. The most widely used applications based on GPS that are available now are the map based navigation applications and the applications that help in tracking vehicles. This research explores ways to combine GPS technology and smart phone technology to solve the location identification problem. An instance of this problem is finding the location of a vacant parking space by a moving vehicle. Finding the information about the vacancy of a parking lot is an important issue because it involves the continuous monitoring of the parking lot in order to ensure the accuracy of the system. The user must be updated on a regular basis so that the user may not face any difficulty when he tries to find a vacant parking space. The location coordinates retrieved by the inbuilt GPS of the smart phone are based on the accuracy level set. Navigation applications always need the most accurate location coordinates for giving exact results.This thesis develops an iOS application based on the location co-ordinate values retrieved by the inbuilt GPS in order to find a vacant parking space in a very large parking lot. The thesis also tries to stabilize the location coordinates which may change depending on the weather conditions and wind direction in that particular area. The thesis does not involve any usage of sensors but only makes use of the location coordinates. The accuracy of the location coordinates is very important to ensure accurate updated information about the parking spots that are vacant when delivering the information to the user. The underlying idea is the availability of vacant parking spaces using signals sent by the smart phone and its inbuilt GPS.Computer Scienc

Teaching vaccine development in schools: Learnings from a survey and curriculum design for a course

Although vaccines are being developed and administered to people for more than a century, the understanding of the steps involved in vaccine development is a relatively new subject to the general public. During the current pandemic, there has been an explosion of non-validated news about COVID-19 and vaccines. To enhance the understanding of this critical societal science, there is an urgent need to teach these topics in the early education systems. Defining the essential subjects and courses for high school and developing syllabi for undergraduate courses in immunology and vaccinology can be difficult, as students choose diverse career options after their studies. To define these curricula, understanding the current level of awareness regarding vaccinology and immunology among students becomes essential. Thus, we have undertaken an exploratory survey of 650 high school and undergraduate college students in India on their awareness of the processes of vaccine development. Our results confirmed our hypothesis that there is a very limited understanding of this topic among school-going students. In this article, we propose an outline for a course for teaching in high schools. We recommend that this course should be interdisciplinary and a mix and match of majors and minors. It should train students with soft skills and prepare them for their careers in biomedical research

Sensory neuron dysfunction in orthotopic mouse models of colon cancer

Reports of neurological sequelae related to colon cancer are largely restricted to rare instances of paraneoplastic syndromes, due to autoimmune reactions. Systemic inflammation associated with tumor development influences sensory neuron function in other disease models, though the extent to which this occurs in colorectal cancer is unknown. We induced orthotopic colorectal cancer via orthotopic injection of two colorectal cancer cell lines (MC38 and CT26) in two different mouse strains (C57BL/6 and Balb/c, respectively). Behavioral tests of pain sensitivity and activity did not detect significant alterations in sensory sensitivity or diminished well-being throughout tumor development. However, immunohistochemistry revealed widespread reductions in intraepidermal nerve fiber density in the skin of tumor-bearing mice. Though loss of nerve fiber density was not associated with increased expression of cell injury markers in dorsal root ganglia, lumbar dorsal root ganglia neurons of tumor-bearing animals showed deficits in mitochondrial function. These neurons also had reduced cytosolic calcium levels in live-cell imaging and reduced spontaneous activity in multi-electrode array analysis. Bulk RNA sequencing of DRGs from tumor-bearing mice detected activation of gene expression pathways associated with elevated cytokine and chemokine signaling, including CXCL10. This is consistent with the detection of CXCL10 (and numerous other cytokines, chemokines and growth factors) in MC38 and CT26 cell-conditioned media, and the serum of tumor-bearing mice. Our study demonstrates in a pre-clinical setting that colon cancer is associated with latent sensory neuron dysfunction and implicates cytokine/chemokine signaling in this process. These findings may have implications for determining risk factors and treatment responsiveness related to neuropathy in colorectal cancer.</p

Performance Analysis of kNN Query Processing on large datasets using CUDA &amp; Pthreads : comparing between CPU &amp; GPU

Telecom companies do a lot of analytics to provide consumers a better service and to stay in competition. These companies accumulate special big data that has potential to provide inputs for business. Query processing is one of the major tool to fire analytics at their data. Traditional query processing techniques which follow in-memory algorithm cannot cope up with the large amount of data of telecom operators. The k nearest neighbour technique(kNN) is best suitable method for classification and regression of large datasets. Our research is focussed on implementation of kNN as query processing algorithm and evaluate the performance of it on large datasets using single core, multi-core and on GPU. This thesis shows an experimental implementation of kNN query processing on single core CPU, Multicore CPU and GPU using Python, P- threads and CUDA respectively. We considered different levels of sizes, dimensions and k as inputs to evaluate the performance. The experiment shows that GPU performs better than CPU single core on the order of 1.4 to 3 times and CPU multi-core on the order of 5.8 to 16 times for different levels of inputs

Detecting Anomalies in Probe data

Over the last decade, technological advancement has significantly influenced traffic management and strict rules implementation, which made the life of traffic enforcers easy and made the worlda better place for drivers. With this development, there is a lot of dependency on various sensors used in the weather forecast, speed sensors, traffic detection etc. Due to this dependency, the accuracy and data of these sensors greatly impact the analysis of information, and in turn, the alerts being published to the public are affected. Because of this, the accuracy and completeness of the sensor data are very important, and there should be some metrics to ensure these properties of data. That greatest importance sensor data quality and completeness have acquired is the fundamental aim of the project. In this project, I am analyzing the probe data to detect anomalies in quality & completeness and published Tableau dashboards, which help the technicians concentrate on the sensors with low data completion and low accuracy (based on an attribute within data). This information is stored in a database and can be used in further analysis and other processes

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for the Determination of Zileuton in Human Plasma

A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method (LC-MS/MS) has been developed and validated for the quantification of zileuton in human plasma. Deuterated internal standard (zileuton D4) was used as the internal standard (ISTD). Zileuton was extracted by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tert-butyl ether and separated by isocratic elution on a C18 column (100 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm, Discovery C18) with the mobile phase consisting of 1 mM ammonium acetate buffer and methanol in the ratio of 10:90. A flow rate of 1.0 ml/min was used with isocratic elution. Multiple reaction monitoring transitions in positive mode for zileuton and the internal standard were 237.3/161.2 and 241.2/161.1, respectively. The method was validated within the linearity range of 50.5–10,012.7 ng/ml for the bioanalytical method validation parameters like selectivity, accuracy, precision, recovery, stability, and matrix effect

Cyber Security

Cyber Security accepts a vigorous role in the area of information technology. Safeguarding the information has become an enormous problem in the current day. The cybersecurity the main thing that originates in mind is ‘cyber crimes’ which are aggregate colossally daily. Different governments and organizations are taking numerous measures to keep these cyber wrongdoings. Other than different measures cybersecurity is as yet a significant worry to many. This paper mostly emphases on cyber security and cyber terrorism. The significant trends of cybersecurity and the consequence of cybersecurity discuss in it. The cyber-terrorism could make associations lose billions of dollars in the region of organizations. The paper also explains the components of cyber terrorism and motivation of it. Two case studies related to cybersecurity also provide in this paper. Some solution about cyber security and cyber terrorism also explain in it