FIRST FORMATION OF THIEPINO[2,3-b]- AND THIEPINO[3,2-a]-INDOLIZINE DERIVATIVES

The reactions of potassium 1,3-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)indolizine-2-thiolates with ethyl 4-bromocrotonate afforded the corresponding indolizine derivatives having (E)-(3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-propenyl)thio, (E)- and (Z)-(3-ethoxycarbonyl-1-propenyl)thio group at the 2-position. The alkaline treatment of these S-alkylated indolizines gave the title compounds in good yields.ArticleHETEROCYCLES. 78(2): 319-324 (2009)journal articl

Asymmetric cycloaddition reactions between 2-benzopyrylium-4-olates and 3-(2-alkenoyl)-2-oxazolidinones in the presence of 2,6-bis(oxazolinyl)pyridine-lanthanoid complexes

ArticleTetrahedron. 62(39): 9218-9225 (2006)journal articl

Syntheses of some 1-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)thieno[3,4-b]indolizine derivatives and their unexpected condensation reactions

Some ethyl 3-(benzyl or methylthio)-1-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)- thieno[3,4-b]indolizine-9-carboxylates were prepared by the reduction of the corresponding 1-benzoyl derivatives with sodium borohydride. These compounds were considerably unstable and their treatment with acetic acid afforded the unexpected condensation products.ArticleHETEROCYCLES. 65(7): 1557-1560 (2005)journal articl

PREPARATION OF NEW NITROGEN-BRIDGED HETEROCYCLES. 63. UNEXPECTED FORMATION OF THIENO[3 ',4 ':4,5]IMIDAZO[1,2-a]-PYRIDINES

The alkaline treatment and dehydrogenation of pyridinium salts, obtainable from the S-alkylation of 3,5-dimethylpyridinium 2-alkylthio-1-cyano2-thioxoethylides with some phenacyl bromides, afforded unexpected heterocycles, 3-alkylthio-1-arylcarbonyl-6,8-dimethylthieno[3',4':4,5]imidazo-[1,2-a]pyridines, together with the corresponding 2-alkylthio-1-arylcarbonylthio-6,8-dimethylindolizine-3-carbonitriles.ArticleHETEROCYCLES. 76(1): 391-399 (2008)journal articl

First ring contraction-desulfurization of 1-(arylcarbonyl)pyrido[2,1-c]-1,4-thiazines to 1-(arylcarbonyl)indolizines and its application to 3-arylthieno[3,2-a]indolizine synthesis

The ring contraction-desulfurization route from transient 1-(arylcarbonyl)pyridol2,1-c]-1,4-thiazine intermediates, generated in situ from the treatment of the corresponding pyridinium salts with a base and then a dehydrogenation agent, to 1-(arylcarbonyl)indolizines was first observed. By using this route three 1-arylcarbonyl-6,8-dimethylindolizines having the protected 2-thiol group were prepared and their transformation to 2-acyl-3-arylthieno[3,2-a]indolizine derivatives were performed in good yields.ArticleHETEROCYCLES. 74: 521-532 (2007)journal articl

Different photochemical behavior of bis(biphenyl)ethylenes and ethenes in solution and in the solid-state: Structurally controlled Z/E-photoisomerization in the solid-state

ArticleJOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY. 184(1-2): 44-49 (2006)journal articl

Can active surveillance really reduce the harms of overdiagnosing prostate cancer? A reflection of real life clinical practice in the PRIAS study

Background: Active surveillance (AS) for low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) appears to provide excellent long-term PCa-specific and overall survival. The choice for AS as initial treatment is mainly based on avoiding side effects from invasive treatment; but AS entails regular check-ups and the possibility of still having to switch or deciding to switch to invasive treatment. Here, we assessed the long-term follow-up data from AS in real life clinical practices. Methods: Data from the first 500 men, enrolled in PRIAS before July 2008 by 30 centers across 8 countries, were analyzed to provide long-term follow-up results. Men were advised to be regularly examined with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests, digital rectal examinations, and prostate biopsies. Men were advised to switch to invasive treatment if they had disease reclassification [Gleason score (GS) >= 3+ 4 on biopsy, more than two positive biopsy cores, a stage higher than cT2] or a PSA-doubling time of 0-3 years. We assessed time on AS, outcomes and reasons for discontinuing AS, and rates of potential unnecessary biopsies and treatments. Results: The median follow-up time was 6.5 years. During this period, 325 (65%) men discontinued after a median of 2.3 years and 121 (24%) men had no recent (> 1 year) data-update after a median of 7.3 years. The remaining 54 (11%) men were confirmed to be still on AS. Most men discontinued based on protocol advice; 38% had other reasons. During follow-up, 838 biopsy sessions were performed of which 79% to 90% did not lead to reclassification, depending on the criteria. Of the 325 discontinued men, 112 subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy (RP), 126 underwent radiotherapy, 57 switched to watchful waiting (WW) or died, and 30 had another or unknown treatment. RP results were available of 99 men: 34% to 68%, depending on definition, had favorable outcomes; 50% of unfavorable the outcomes occurred in the first 2 years. Of the 30 (6%) men who died, 1 man died due to PCa. Conclusions: These data, reflecting real life clinical practice, show that more than half of men switched to invasive treatment within 2.3 years, indicating limitations to the extent in which AS is able to reduce the adverse effects of overdiagnosis. Therefore, despite guidelines stating that PCa diagnosis must be uncoupled from treatment, it remains important to avoid overdiagnosing PCa as much as possible.Peer reviewe

Splines and Wavelets on Geophysically Relevant Manifolds

Analysis on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{2}$ found many applications in seismology, weather prediction, astrophysics, signal analysis, crystallography, computer vision, computerized tomography, neuroscience, and statistics. In the last two decades, the importance of these and other applications triggered the development of various tools such as splines and wavelet bases suitable for the unit spheres $\mathbb{S}^{2}$, $\>\>\mathbb{S}^{3}$ and the rotation group $SO(3)$. Present paper is a summary of some of results of the author and his collaborators on generalized (average) variational splines and localized frames (wavelets) on compact Riemannian manifolds. The results are illustrated by applications to Radon-type transforms on $\mathbb{S}^{d}$ and $SO(3)$.Comment: The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co