131 research outputs found

    PHOTOCATALYTIC REMOVAL OF TR I- AND HEXA-VALENT CHROMIUM IONS FROM CHROME-ELECTROPL ATING WASTEWATER

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    A novel technique based on photocatalysis was applied to eliminate chromium ions, a toxic hazardous environmental pollutant. The photoreduction of each species of chromium (total, hexavalent, and trivalent chromiums) from chrome-electroplating wastewater was investigated using a titanium dioxide suspension under irradiation by a low-pressure mercury lamp. The initial concentration of total chromium was 300 mg/l. The applied conditions were the direct photocatalytic reduction process at pH 3.65 and the indirect photocatalytic reduction with added hole scavengers at the same solution pH. Results from both processes were comparatively discussed. Result show that chromium was not efficiently removed by direct photoreduction. In contrast, with the adding of hole scavengers, which were formate ions, the photoreduction of chromium was very favorable. Both hexavalent and trivalent chromiums were efficiently removed. The photocatalytic mechanism is purposed in this study

    Municipal Solid Waste Recovery and Recycling

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    ÂĐ 2014 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. Recycling is a series of activities that includes collecting recyclable materials that would otherwise be considered waste, sorting, and processing recyclables into raw materials, and manufacturing them into new products. In this chapter, the collection of recyclable materials in both developed and developing countries are reviewed. The physical and chemical recycling methods are also included with necessary engineering calculation. Finally, the marketing of recyclable materials is also depicted

    āļˆāļĨāļ™āļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāđāļĨāļ°āđ„āļ­āđ‚āļ‹āđ€āļ—āļ­āļĢāđŒāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļ­āļ°āļ—āļĢāļēāļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđ„āļšāđ‚āļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđŒāđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ„āļœāđˆKinetic and Isotherm Adsorption of Atrazine by Bamboo Biochar

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    āļ‡āļēāļ™āļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļĄāļīāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļ­āļ°āļ—āļĢāļēāļ‹āļĩāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāđ„āļšāđ‚āļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļąāļ‡āđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļˆāļēāļāđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ„āļœāđˆ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļŠāļĄāļšāļąāļ•āļīāļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĒāļ āļēāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ„āļĄāļĩāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļšāđ‚āļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđŒāđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ„āļœāđˆ āđāļĨāļ°āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŠāļĄāļ”āļļāļĨ āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļš āđ„āļ­āđ‚āļ‹āđ€āļ—āļ­āļĄ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđāļšāļšāļˆāļģāļĨāļ­āļ‡āļˆāļĨāļ™āļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļ­āļ°āļ—āļĢāļēāļ‹āļĩāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļšāđ‚āļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđŒāđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ„āļœāđˆ āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļĨāļ­āļ‡āđāļšāļšāļāļ° āļˆāļēāļāļ„āļļāļ“āļŠāļĄāļšāļąāļ•āļīāļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĒāļ āļēāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ„āļĄāļĩ āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āđ„āļšāđ‚āļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđŒāđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ„āļœāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ„āđˆāļē D50 āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 200 āđ„āļĄāđ‚āļ„āļĢāđ€āļĄāļ•āļĢ āļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāļīāļ§āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 756.43 āļ•āļēāļĢāļēāļ‡āđ€āļĄāļ•āļĢāļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļĢāļąāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļĢāļđāļžāļĢāļļāļ™āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 0.32 āļĨāļđāļāļšāļēāļĻāļāđŒāđ€āļ‹āļ™āļ•āļīāđ€āļĄāļ•āļĢāļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļĢāļąāļĄ āđāļŠāļ”āļ‡āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ§āđˆāļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ§āļąāļŠāļ”āļļāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāđāļšāļš Micropore āđ€āļ™āļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļˆāļēāļāļĄāļĩāļ‚āļ™āļēāļ”āļĢāļđāļžāļĢāļļāļ™āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āđ€āļ‰āļĨāļĩāđˆāļĒāđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 1.69 āļ™āļēāđ‚āļ™āđ€āļĄāļ•āļĢ āļ™āļ­āļāļˆāļēāļāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆāļžāļšāļŦāļĄāļđāđˆāļŸāļąāļ‡āļāđŒāļŠāļąāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļŪāļ”āļĢāļ­āļāļ‹āļīāļĨ (O-H) āđ„āļŪāđ‚āļ”āļĢāļ„āļēāļĢāđŒāļšāļ­āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ āļ—āļ­āļąāļĨāļ„āļīāļĨ (C-H) āļ­āļ°āļĨāļīāļŸāļēāļ•āļīāļ (C-H) āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļ°āđ‚āļĢāļĄāļēāļ•āļīāļ (C=C) āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāđˆāļ‡āļœāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļŠāļēāļĢāļ­āļ°āļ—āļĢāļēāļ‹āļĩāļ™ āđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļĄāļīāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļŠāļēāļĢāļ­āļ°āļ—āļĢāļēāļ‹āļĩāļ™āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļš 92.1 āđ€āļ›āļ­āļĢāđŒāđ€āļ‹āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđŒ āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āļˆāļēāļāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļŠāļđāđˆāļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŠāļĄāļ”āļļāļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆ 24 āļŠāļąāđˆāļ§āđ‚āļĄāļ‡ āļŠāļ­āļ”āļ„āļĨāđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāļŠāļĄāļāļēāļĢāđ„āļ­āđ‚āļ‹āđ€āļ—āļ­āļĢāđŒāļĄāđāļšāļšāļŸāļĢāļļāļ™āļ”āļīāļŠ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļĩāļ„āđˆāļēāļ„āļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļąāļĄāļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļāļąāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļš (KF) āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 0.77 āđ„āļĄāđ‚āļ„āļĢāļāļĢāļąāļĄāļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļĢāļąāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāđāļšāļšāļˆāļģāļĨāļ­āļ‡āļˆāļĨāļ™āļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļŠāļĩāđ‰āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ§āđˆāļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ„āļ›āļ•āļēāļĄāđāļšāļšāļˆāļģāļĨāļ­āļ‡āļ­āļąāļ™āļ”āļąāļšāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ—āļĩāļĒāļĄ āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ„āđˆāļē R2 āđāļĨāļ° SSE āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 0.9998 āđāļĨāļ° 0.0015 āļ•āļēāļĄāļĨāļģāļ”āļąāļš āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļ„āđˆāļēāļ„āļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āļąāļ•āļĢāļēāđ€āļĢāđ‡āļ§āļ›āļāļīāļāļīāļĢāļīāļĒāļēāļ­āļąāļ™āļ”āļąāļšāļŠāļ­āļ‡ (K2) āļĄāļĩāļ„āđˆāļēāđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 0.1306 āđ„āļĄāđ‚āļ„āļĢāļāļĢāļąāļĄāļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļĢāļąāļĄāļ•āđˆāļ­āļ™āļēāļ—āļĩ āļˆāļķāļ‡āļŠāļĢāļļāļ›āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ§āđˆāļēāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļ­āļēāļĻāļąāļĒāļāļĨāđ„āļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ—āļēāļ‡āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĒāļ āļēāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ„āļĄāļĩ āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļĨāļ­āļ‡āļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļŦāļĄāļ”āđāļŠāļ”āļ‡āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ§āđˆāļēāđ„āļšāđ‚āļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāđŒāđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ„āļœāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ„āļļāļ“āļ āļēāļžāļŠāļđāļ‡āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ§āļąāļŠāļ”āļļāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļŠāļēāļĢāļ­āļ°āļ—āļĢāļēāļ‹āļĩāļ™ āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āļˆāļąāļ”āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ§āļąāļ”āļŠāļļāļ”āļđāļ”āļ‹āļąāļšāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ•āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļļāļ™āļ•āđˆāļģāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļšāļ›āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļ™āļŠāļēāļĢāđ€āļ„āļĄāļĩāļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢāļ­āļ­āļāļŠāļđāđˆāļ™āļ­āļāļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļēāđƒāļ™āļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆThis research aims to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of atrazine using biochar synthesized from bamboo. The study primarily focuses on these aspects: bamboo biochar physical and chemical properties, the equilibrium time, adsorption efficiency, isotherm as well as adsorption kinetic model with batch testing. Regarding physical and chemical properties, bamboo biochar exhibited the D50 of 200 Ξm, surface area of 756.43 m2/g, average pore size of 1.69 nm and pore volume of 0.32 cm3/g. Considering these properties, the substance can be defined as a microporous carbon adsorbent. Also, the functional groups of bamboo biochar show the groups of hydroxyls (O-H), alkyl (C-H), aliphatic (C-H), and aromatic carbon (C=C), which have a positive effect on adsorption of atrazine. Form the evaluation of atrazine adsorption properties, the bamboo biochar has the adsorption efficiency of 92.1% after 24 h equilibrium time, corresponding to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The Freundlich constant (KF) is 0.77 Ξg/g. In term of adsorption kinetic model, the results indicated being the pseudo second order reaction kinetics with R2 value and SSE are 0.9998 and 0.0015, respectively. The pseudo-second order rate constant (K2) shows 0.1306 Ξg/g.min. This can be concluded that the adsorption of bamboo biochar used both physical and chemical mechanisms. Overall results indicated that bamboo biochar can be used as an effective, low-cost adsorbent for atrazine removal. Thus, the biochar can be used as a chemical barrier for controlling agrochemical contaminants into agricultural land

    Adsorption of Thallium(I) Ions on Titania Particle Surfaces in Aqueous Media

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    A description is given of the modification of the adsorption of Tl(I) on a titania (Degussa P-25) surface by the presence of organic or inorganic co-additives in aqueous suspensions. The addition of oxalate, formate, acetate and phosphate anions (the latter at low levels below ~0.03 M) increased Tl(I) adsorption while the phosphate anion (at levels > ~0.03 M) inhibited Tl(I) adsorption. A surface complexation model comprising the titania surface sites, the anchor co-additives and bound Tl(I) species was invoked to explain the adsorption enhancement observed. The data presented build upon and complement those acquired earlier showing how metal ion adsorption on a TiO 2 surface is strongly influenced by co-additives in the aqueous medium
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