1,693 research outputs found
Resolving Neutrino Mass Hierarchy and CP Degeneracy by Two Identical Detectors with Different Baselines
We explore the possibility of simultaneous determination of neutrino mass
hierarchy and the CP violating phase by using two identical detectors placed at
different baseline distances. We focus on a possible experimental setup using
neutrino beam from J-PARC facility in Japan with beam power of 4MW and megaton
(Mton)-class water Cherenkov detectors, one placed in Kamioka and the other at
somewhere in Korea. We demonstrate, under reasonable assumptions of systematic
uncertainties, that the two-detector complex with each fiducial volume of 0.27
Mton has potential of resolving neutrino mass hierarchy up to sin^2 2theta_{13}
> 0.03 (0.055) at 2\sigma (3\sigma) CL for any values of delta and at the same
time has the sensitivity to CP violation by 4 + 4 years running of nu_e and
nu_e-bar appearance measurement. The significantly enhanced sensitivity is due
to clean detection of modulation of neutrino energy spectrum, which is enabled
by cancellation of systematic uncertainties between two identical detectors
which receive the neutrino beam with the same energy spectrum in the absence of
oscillations.Comment: 23 pages, 10 figures, version published in PR
A role for the cleaved cytoplasmic domain of E-cadherin in the nucleus
Cell-cell contacts play a vital role in intracellular signaling, although the molecular mechanisms of these signaling pathways are not fully understood. E-cadherin, an important mediator of cell-cell adhesions, has been shown to be cleaved by Îł-secretase. This cleavage releases a fragment of E-cadherin, E-cadherin C-terminal fragment 2 (E-cad/CTF2), into the cytosol. Here, we study the fate and function of this fragment. First, we show that coexpression of the cadherin-binding protein, p120 catenin (p120), enhances the nuclear translocation of E-cad/CTF2. By knocking down p120 with short interfering RNA, we also demonstrate that p120 is necessary for the nuclear localization of E-cad/CTF2. Furthermore, p120 enhances and is required for the specific binding of E-cad/CTF2 to DNA. Finally, we show that E-cad/CTF2 can regulate the p120-Kaiso-mediated signaling pathway in the nucleus. These data indicate a novel role for cleaved E-cadherin in the nucleus
Fermionic Zero Modes on Domain Walls
We study fermionic zero modes in the domain wall background. The fermions
have Dirac and left- and right-handed Majorana mass terms. The source of the
Dirac mass term is the coupling to a scalar field . The source of the
Majorana mass terms could also be the coupling to a scalar field or a
vacuum expectation value of some other field acquired in a phase transition
well above the phase transition of the field . We derive the fermionic
equations of motion and find the necessary and sufficient conditions for a zero
mode to exist. We also find the solutions numerically. In the absence of the
Majorana mass terms, the equations are solvable analytically. In the case of
massless fermions a zero energy solution exists and we show that although this
mode is not discretely normalizable it is Dirac delta function normalizable and
should be viewed as part of a continuum spectrum rather than as an isolated
zero mode.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, matches version published in PR
Feasibility of a storage ring for polar molecules in strong-field-seeking states
We show, through modeling and simulation, that it is feasible to construct a
storage ring that will store dense bunches of strong-field-seeking polar
molecules at 30 m/s (kinetic energy of 2K) and hold them, for several minutes,
against losses due to defocusing, oscillations, and diffusion. The ring, 3 m in
diameter, has straight sections that afford access to the stored molecules and
a lattice structure that may be adapted for evaporative cooling. Simulation is
done using a newly-developed code that tracks the particles, in time, through
400 turns; it accounts for longitudinal velocity changes as a function of
external electric field, focusing and deflection nonlinearities, and the
effects of gravity. An injector, decelerator, and source are included and
intensities are calculated.Comment: 6 pages 5 figures, 3 table
First-Principles Study of Electronic Structure in -(BEDT-TTF)I at Ambient Pressure and with Uniaxial Strain
Within the framework of the density functional theory, we calculate the
electronic structure of -(BEDT-TTF)I at 8K and room temperature
at ambient pressure and with uniaxial strain along the - and -axes. We
confirm the existence of anisotropic Dirac cone dispersion near the chemical
potential. We also extract the orthogonal tight-binding parameters to analyze
physical properties. An investigation of the electronic structure near the
chemical potential clarifies that effects of uniaxial strain along the a-axis
is different from that along the b-axis. The carrier densities show
dependence at low temperatures, which may explain the experimental findings not
only qualitatively but also quantitatively.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Perturbation Theory of Neutrino Oscillation with Nonstandard Neutrino Interactions
We discuss various physics aspects of neutrino oscillation with non-standard
interactions (NSI). We formulate a perturbative framework by taking \Delta
m^2_{21} / \Delta m^2_{31}, s_{13}, and the NSI elements \epsilon_{\alpha
\beta} (\alpha, \beta = e, \mu, \tau) as small expansion parameters of the same
order \epsilon. Within the \epsilon perturbation theory we obtain the S matrix
elements and the neutrino oscillation probability formula to second order
(third order in \nu_e related channels) in \epsilon. The formula allows us to
estimate size of the contribution of any particular NSI element
\epsilon_{\alpha beta} to the oscillation probability in arbitrary channels,
and gives a global bird-eye view of the neutrino oscillation phenomena with
NSI. Based on the second-order formula we discuss how all the conventional
lepton mixing as well as NSI parameters can be determined. Our results shows
that while \theta_{13}, \delta, and the NSI elements in \nu_e sector can in
principle be determined, complete measurement of the NSI parameters in the
\nu_\mu - \nu_\tau sector is not possible by the rate only analysis. The
discussion for parameter determination and the analysis based on the matter
perturbation theory indicate that the parameter degeneracy prevails with the
NSI parameters. In addition, a new solar-atmospheric variable exchange
degeneracy is found. Some general properties of neutrino oscillation with and
without NSI are also illuminated.Comment: manuscript restructured, discussion of new type of parameter
degeneracy added. 47 page
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