日本人精神疾患と2糖尿病GWASから得られたリスクSNPとの遺伝学的関連探索

藤田保健衛生大

Impact of Portlandite on Alkali-Silica Reaction of Pyrex Glass and Blastfurnace Slag Aggregate

In this study, it is investigated the effect of Ca ion on dissolution and reaction products in alkaline environment using Pyrex glass showing ASR expansion and blast furnace slag fine aggregate suppressing ASR. It is reported that Ca plays a role in the dissolution and polymerization of silica, and is therefore an important factor in ASR. For each sample, calculation of dissolution rate and analysis of solid phase product by 29Si MAS NMR and XRD/Rietveld analysis, and liquid phase analysis by ICP-AES were performed. As a result, it was confirmed that addition of Ca has an influence on dissolution behavior of PG and BFS. In the reaction of PG, addition of Ca promotes the polymerization reaction of silica and increases the amount of N-S-H which has expandable and contributes to deterioration mechanism. On the other hand, in BFS, the dissolved silica did not polymerize and N-S-H did not form. It was suggested that the difference in ASR reactivity between PG and BFS is due to the difference in the reaction behavior

Sweet taste disorder and vascular complications in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance

AbstractBackgroundIt remains unknown whether taste disorders can be a risk factor for micro- and macro-vascular diseases in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance.MethodsA cross-sectional study in a nationally representative samples of 848 and 849 US adults (aged ≥40years) with diabetes or prediabetes who had sweet and salt taste disorders, respectively, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2012.ResultsAmong the study population, 5.7% had sweet taste disorder and 8.6% had salt taste disorder. These data correspond to approximately 1.5 million and 1.8 million individuals with abnormal glucose tolerance aged 40years or older in the US population, respectively. In the adjusted model, sweet taste disorder was significantly associated with complication of ischemic heart disease (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–5.81; P=0.04). Moreover, sweet taste disorder in patients with diabetes was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy (adjusted OR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.09–7.69; P=0.03) and diabetic nephropathy (adjusted OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.07–9.36; P=0.03). Meanwhile, salt taste disorder was not significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, ischemic heart disease, or stroke. Total sugar intake was significantly higher in patients with sweet taste disorder than in those without it, whereas total daily intake of carbohydrate did not differ significantly. No significant association was observed between salt taste disorder and daily intake of sodium after multivariate analysis.ConclusionsSweet taste disorder in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance was associated with increased sugar intake and vascular complications