The Statute of Brač Commune from 1305 about animals and animal products

Statutom Bračke komune, koji potječe iz 1305. g., obnavljaju se propisi Statuta iz 1277. g., koji je, vjerojatno, nastao i ranije. Brački statut sastoji se od četiriju knjiga: Prva knjiga ima 39 glava, Druga 11, Treća 43 i Četvrta knjiga 59 glava. Prva knjiga reformacija (87 glava) nastala je od 1415. do 1420. g., a glave Druge i Treće knjige reformacija potječu iz razdoblja nakon 1420. g. U Drugoj knjizi reformacija od 23 glave 8 ih potječe iz razdoblja 1423. – 1434. g., a ostale iz razdoblja 1446. – 1615. g. Treća knjiga reformacija ima 18 glava. Od 39 glava u Prvoj knjizi 21 glava (3,54%) odnosi se na sprječavanje šteta u vinogradu ili vrtu. Od 11 glava Druge knjige ni jedna se (0%) ne odnosi na temu koju obrađuje ovaj rad. Od 43 glave Treće knjige 7 glava (16,27%) odnosi se na temu koju obrađuje ovaj rad (2., 3., 31., 32., 33., 34., 43.). Od 59 glava u Četvrtoj knjizi 18 glava (30,50%) odnosi se na područje koje obrađuje ovaj rad (11., 15., 17., 19., 25., 26., 27., 30., 38., 39., 40., 42., 44., 45., 46., 48., 49., 52.). Od 87 glava Prve knjige reformacija 22 glave (25,28%) obrađuju područje ovog rada (2., 6., 7., 8., 15., 16., 26., 27., 28., 29., 30., 31., 37., 38., 42., 43., 44., 45., 56., 58., 62., 70.). Druga knjiga reformacija, u kojoj su 23 glave, ni jednu glavu (0%) ne posvećuje području koje obrađuje ovaj rad. Treća knjiga reformacija ima ukupno 18 glava, od kojih 4 (22,22%) obrađuju područje koje opisuje ovaj rad (6., 7., 13., 15.). Pastirima kao bitnim čimbenicima u stočarskoj proizvodnji posvećeno je 14 glava (Treća knjiga – 2 glave, Četvrta knjiga – 6 glava, Prva knjiga reformacija – 4 glave i Treća knjiga reformacija – 2 glave) ili 5% zakonodavnih odredaba u Bračkom statutu. Kretanju i načinu držanja životinja te načinu pašarenja Statut posvećuje 12 glava (4,20%): u Prvoj knjizi 1 glavu, u Trećoj knjizi 1 glavu, u Četvrtoj knjizi 2 glave, u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 6 glava i u Trećoj knjizi reformacija 1 glavu. Brački statut posvećuje 8 glava štetama sa životinjama i na životinjama – u Trećoj su knjizi 2 glave, u Četvrtoj knjizi 4 glave i u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 2 glave. Iako je to poglavlje na neki način povezano s poglavljem Krađe, ipak smo ih razdvojili radi lakšega razumijevanja, premda nam je posve jasno da je posljedica svake krađe životinja šteta koju je pretrpio njihov vlasnik. Psima su posvećene tri glave, i to u Četvrtoj knjizi 2 glave te u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 1 glava. U Statutu Bračke komune 6 glava posvećeno je krađi životinja – u Trećoj je knjizi jedna glava, u Četvrtoj su knjizi 2 glave, a u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 3 glave. Brački statut kožama posvećuje 4 glave: 2 glave u Trećoj i po 1 glavu u Četvrtoj knjizi i Prvoj knjizi reformacija. Lokvama je posvećeno više glava, ali one koje se odnose na životinje opisane su u četirima glavama, i to u Četvrtoj knjizi 2 glave i u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 2 glave. Iz spomenutoga nije teško zaključiti kako u svih 7 knjiga ima ukupno 280 glava (članaka), od kojih 54 glave (19,28%) pripadaju području koje obrađuje ovaj rad.The Statute of Brač Commune from 1305 is updated regulations from the Statute of 1277 which probably originated earlier. The statute consists of four books: the fi rst book contains 39, the second 11, the third 43 and the fourth 59 chapters. The fi rst book of the Reformation (87 chapters) was created in the period from 1415 to 1420, and the chapters of the second and third book of the Reformation originated back in 1420. In the second book of the Reformation, eight chapters of 23 originated from 1423 to 1434 and the others from 1446 to 1615. The third book of the Reformation has 18 chapters. Of the 39 chapters in the fi rst book, 21 chapters (3.54%) refer to the prevention of committing damage in the vineyard or garden. Of the 11 chapters in the second book not one (0%) is related to the topic of this work. Of the 43 chapters of the third book, 7 (16.27%) chapters (2, 3, 31, 32, 33, 34, and 43) are related to the topic of this work. Of the 59 chapters of the fourth book, 18 (30.50%) chapters are related to the topic of this work (11, 15, 17, 19, 25, 26, 27, 30, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49 and 52). Of the 87 chapters of the fi rst book Reformation, 22 (25.28%) are related to the topic of this work (2, 6, 7, 8, 15, 16, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 37, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45, 56, 58, 62 and 70). The second book of the Reformation, in which are 23 chapters, not one (0%) is related to the topic of this work. The third book of the Reformation has a total of 18 chapters, of which 4 (22.22%) are related to the topic of this work (6, 7, 13 and 15). Fourteen chapters are concerned with shepherds as relevant factors in animal production (the third book – 2 chapters, the fourth book – 6 chapters, the fi rst book of the Reformation - 4 chapters and the third book of the Reformation – 2 chapters) or 5% of the legislation in the Statute of Brač Commune. Twelve chapters (4.20%) deal with the movement and holding conditions of animals and the manner of grazing in the fi rst book, one chapter in the third book, two chapters in the fourth book, 6 chapters in the fi rst book of the Reformation and one chapter in the third book of the Reformation. Eight chapters deal with the damage from animals and to animals, of which two are in the third book, four in the fourth book and in the fi rst book of the Reformation there are 2 chapters. Although this chapter is in some way connected with the theft chapter we separate them for easy understanding, it is entirely clear that any theft of animals has resulted in damage to their owner. Three chapters deal with dogs, two in the fourth book and one chapter in the book of the Reformation. Six chapters deals with theft of animals, of which one chapter in the third book, two in the fourth book and 3 chapters in the fi rst book of the Reformation. In the Statute of Brač four chapters deal with hides and skins, two in the third book and one chapter in the fourth book and in the fi rst book of the Reformation. Several chapters deal with puddles, but those relating to animals are described in four chapters, two in the fourth book and in the fi rst book of the Reformation. From the above it is not hard to conclude that all seven books have a total of 280 chapters (articles), of which 54 chapters (19.28%) belong to the area covered by this paper

The Statute of Brač Commune from 1305 about animals and animal products

Statutom Bračke komune, koji potječe iz 1305. g., obnavljaju se propisi Statuta iz 1277. g., koji je, vjerojatno, nastao i ranije. Brački statut sastoji se od četiriju knjiga: Prva knjiga ima 39 glava, Druga 11, Treća 43 i Četvrta knjiga 59 glava. Prva knjiga reformacija (87 glava) nastala je od 1415. do 1420. g., a glave Druge i Treće knjige reformacija potječu iz razdoblja nakon 1420. g. U Drugoj knjizi reformacija od 23 glave 8 ih potječe iz razdoblja 1423. – 1434. g., a ostale iz razdoblja 1446. – 1615. g. Treća knjiga reformacija ima 18 glava. Od 39 glava u Prvoj knjizi 21 glava (3,54%) odnosi se na sprječavanje šteta u vinogradu ili vrtu. Od 11 glava Druge knjige ni jedna se (0%) ne odnosi na temu koju obrađuje ovaj rad. Od 43 glave Treće knjige 7 glava (16,27%) odnosi se na temu koju obrađuje ovaj rad (2., 3., 31., 32., 33., 34., 43.). Od 59 glava u Četvrtoj knjizi 18 glava (30,50%) odnosi se na područje koje obrađuje ovaj rad (11., 15., 17., 19., 25., 26., 27., 30., 38., 39., 40., 42., 44., 45., 46., 48., 49., 52.). Od 87 glava Prve knjige reformacija 22 glave (25,28%) obrađuju područje ovog rada (2., 6., 7., 8., 15., 16., 26., 27., 28., 29., 30., 31., 37., 38., 42., 43., 44., 45., 56., 58., 62., 70.). Druga knjiga reformacija, u kojoj su 23 glave, ni jednu glavu (0%) ne posvećuje području koje obrađuje ovaj rad. Treća knjiga reformacija ima ukupno 18 glava, od kojih 4 (22,22%) obrađuju područje koje opisuje ovaj rad (6., 7., 13., 15.). Pastirima kao bitnim čimbenicima u stočarskoj proizvodnji posvećeno je 14 glava (Treća knjiga – 2 glave, Četvrta knjiga – 6 glava, Prva knjiga reformacija – 4 glave i Treća knjiga reformacija – 2 glave) ili 5% zakonodavnih odredaba u Bračkom statutu. Kretanju i načinu držanja životinja te načinu pašarenja Statut posvećuje 12 glava (4,20%): u Prvoj knjizi 1 glavu, u Trećoj knjizi 1 glavu, u Četvrtoj knjizi 2 glave, u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 6 glava i u Trećoj knjizi reformacija 1 glavu. Brački statut posvećuje 8 glava štetama sa životinjama i na životinjama – u Trećoj su knjizi 2 glave, u Četvrtoj knjizi 4 glave i u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 2 glave. Iako je to poglavlje na neki način povezano s poglavljem Krađe, ipak smo ih razdvojili radi lakšega razumijevanja, premda nam je posve jasno da je posljedica svake krađe životinja šteta koju je pretrpio njihov vlasnik. Psima su posvećene tri glave, i to u Četvrtoj knjizi 2 glave te u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 1 glava. U Statutu Bračke komune 6 glava posvećeno je krađi životinja – u Trećoj je knjizi jedna glava, u Četvrtoj su knjizi 2 glave, a u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 3 glave. Brački statut kožama posvećuje 4 glave: 2 glave u Trećoj i po 1 glavu u Četvrtoj knjizi i Prvoj knjizi reformacija. Lokvama je posvećeno više glava, ali one koje se odnose na životinje opisane su u četirima glavama, i to u Četvrtoj knjizi 2 glave i u Prvoj knjizi reformacija 2 glave. Iz spomenutoga nije teško zaključiti kako u svih 7 knjiga ima ukupno 280 glava (članaka), od kojih 54 glave (19,28%) pripadaju području koje obrađuje ovaj rad.The Statute of Brač Commune from 1305 is updated regulations from the Statute of 1277 which probably originated earlier. The statute consists of four books: the fi rst book contains 39, the second 11, the third 43 and the fourth 59 chapters. The fi rst book of the Reformation (87 chapters) was created in the period from 1415 to 1420, and the chapters of the second and third book of the Reformation originated back in 1420. In the second book of the Reformation, eight chapters of 23 originated from 1423 to 1434 and the others from 1446 to 1615. The third book of the Reformation has 18 chapters. Of the 39 chapters in the fi rst book, 21 chapters (3.54%) refer to the prevention of committing damage in the vineyard or garden. Of the 11 chapters in the second book not one (0%) is related to the topic of this work. Of the 43 chapters of the third book, 7 (16.27%) chapters (2, 3, 31, 32, 33, 34, and 43) are related to the topic of this work. Of the 59 chapters of the fourth book, 18 (30.50%) chapters are related to the topic of this work (11, 15, 17, 19, 25, 26, 27, 30, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49 and 52). Of the 87 chapters of the fi rst book Reformation, 22 (25.28%) are related to the topic of this work (2, 6, 7, 8, 15, 16, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 37, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45, 56, 58, 62 and 70). The second book of the Reformation, in which are 23 chapters, not one (0%) is related to the topic of this work. The third book of the Reformation has a total of 18 chapters, of which 4 (22.22%) are related to the topic of this work (6, 7, 13 and 15). Fourteen chapters are concerned with shepherds as relevant factors in animal production (the third book – 2 chapters, the fourth book – 6 chapters, the fi rst book of the Reformation - 4 chapters and the third book of the Reformation – 2 chapters) or 5% of the legislation in the Statute of Brač Commune. Twelve chapters (4.20%) deal with the movement and holding conditions of animals and the manner of grazing in the fi rst book, one chapter in the third book, two chapters in the fourth book, 6 chapters in the fi rst book of the Reformation and one chapter in the third book of the Reformation. Eight chapters deal with the damage from animals and to animals, of which two are in the third book, four in the fourth book and in the fi rst book of the Reformation there are 2 chapters. Although this chapter is in some way connected with the theft chapter we separate them for easy understanding, it is entirely clear that any theft of animals has resulted in damage to their owner. Three chapters deal with dogs, two in the fourth book and one chapter in the book of the Reformation. Six chapters deals with theft of animals, of which one chapter in the third book, two in the fourth book and 3 chapters in the fi rst book of the Reformation. In the Statute of Brač four chapters deal with hides and skins, two in the third book and one chapter in the fourth book and in the fi rst book of the Reformation. Several chapters deal with puddles, but those relating to animals are described in four chapters, two in the fourth book and in the fi rst book of the Reformation. From the above it is not hard to conclude that all seven books have a total of 280 chapters (articles), of which 54 chapters (19.28%) belong to the area covered by this paper

Optimization of Seating Position and Stimulation Pattern in Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling: Simulation Study

Two significant challenges facing functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling are the low power output and early onset of muscle fatigue, mainly due to the non-physiological and superficial recruitment of motor units and weakness of the antagonistic muscles. Thus optimization of the cycling biomechanical properties and stimulation pattern to achieve maximum output power with minimum applied electrical stimulus is of great importance. To find the optimal seating position and stimulation pattern, the previous works either ignored the muscle's force-velocity and force-length properties or employed complicated muscle models which was a massive barrier to clinical experiments. In this work, an easy-to-use and precise muscle model in conjunction with Jacobian-based torque transfer functions were adopted to determine the optimal seating position, trunk angle, crank arm length, and stimulation intervals. Furthermore, the impact of muscle force-velocity factor in finding the optimal seating position and stimulation intervals was investigated. The simulation models showed the trivial effect of the force-velocity factor on the resulting optimal seating position of six healthy simulated subjects. This method can enhance the FES-cycling performance and shorten the time-consuming process of muscle model identification for optimization purposes. © 2022 IEEE.This is the peer-reviewed version of the paper: Jafari, Ehsan, Aksoez, Efe A., Kajganić, Petar, Metani, Amine, Popović-Maneski, Lana, Bergeron, Vance, "Optimization of Seating Position and Stimulation Pattern in Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling: Simulation Study", 2022 July (2022):725-731, [https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871339