Additional file 1: of A novel melittin nano-liposome exerted excellent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy with better biological safety

Materials and methods. (DOCX 24 kb

Additional file 4: Figure S3. of A novel melittin nano-liposome exerted excellent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy with better biological safety

Flow cytometry analysis of splenic immune cells including splenic T lymphocytes, neutrophil and B lymphocytes. Spleens were stripped and grinded into cell suspension after mice were treated with vehicle, blank liposomes (8 mg/kg), melittin (2 mg/kg) and melittin nano-liposomes (2 mg/kg) for two weeks. (PDF 730 kb

Additional file 3: Figure S2. of A novel melittin nano-liposome exerted excellent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy with better biological safety

Photo of HepG2 tumors of vehicle, blank liposomes (8 mg/kg), melittin (2 mg/kg), melittin nano-liposomes (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg), and sorafenib (30 mg/kg) treated groups in the HepG2 subcutaneous transplanted tumor model. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was calculated using Student’s t test (**p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001). (PDF 1070 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of A novel melittin nano-liposome exerted excellent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy with better biological safety

The effects of melittin nano-liposomes on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. (a) Proliferation inhibiting rates of melittin and melittin nano-liposomes on various HCC cells lines including LM-3, Bel-7402, SMMC-7721, HepG2, and L02 cells. (b) Cell nucleus staining by DAPI to observe the apoptosis of Bel-7402 and SMMC-7721 cells after treated with vehicle, blank liposomes (1 μM), melittin (1 μM), or melittin nano-liposomes (1 μM) for 24 h. (c) Fluorescence staining of Annexin V-FITC and PI to detect the apoptosis of HepG2 cells after treatment with melittin and Melittin nano-liposomes for 24 h and observed by fluorescence microscope. HepG2 cells were pretreated with Z-VAD-FMK for 6 hours, and melittin and Melittin nano-liposomes were subsequently administered at a concentration of 2 μM. (PDF 848 kb