Bis[1,3-bis­(1-benzyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-oxapropane]zinc(II) dipicrate dimethyl­formamide disolvate

In the title compound, [Zn(C30H26N4O)2](C6H2N3O7)2·2C3H7NO, the ZnII ion is coordinated in a distorted octa­hedral environment involving four equatorial N atoms and two O atoms in axial sites. The dihedral angles between the benzimidazole ring system and the phenyl rings in each of the benzyl­benzimidazole units are 78.56 (12), 81.68 (11), 75.76 (10) and 85.78 (9)°. In the crystal structure, there are weak but significant inter­molecular π–π stacking inter­actions with centroid–centroid distances of 3.685 (1) and 3.978 (1) Å

Acrylato[tris­(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmeth­yl)amine]cobalt(II) perchlorate–dimethyl­formamide–methanol (2/2/3)

In the title complex, [Co(C3H3O2)(C27H27N7)]ClO4·C3H7NO·1.5CH4O, the CoII ion is five-coordinated by four N atoms from a tris­(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmeth­yl)amine (mentb) ligand and one O atom from an acrylate ligand in a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal geometry with approximate mol­ecular C 3 symmetry. The atoms of the acrylate ligand are disordered over two sites, with approximate occupancies of 0.90 and 0.10. In addition, the solvent hemimethanol mol­ecule is disordered over two positions with equal occupancies. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Structuring and operating patent intermediary as platform ecosystem: case studies of Patent Operation Platforms (POPs) in China

Alongside Patent Super Aggregators represented by Intellectual Ventures in the United States, there is a trend to construct patent intermediary in the context of platform ecosystem. Accordingly, patent operation platforms (POPs) have emerged recently in China, yet few studies focus on uncovering their structures and operating mechanisms. This article aims to explore them based on two in-depth case studies with the application of a four-dimensional service innovation framework. Findings pinpoint that POP consists of ‘Patent Plus’ database, patent service platform and two-sided patent platform, as a closed loop. In this structure, ICT plays a prominent role, connected with new service concepts, service delivery system and client interface, to operate the platform. Our article also shows implications to POP related theory and practice

A comprehensive review on the ferroelectric orthochromates: Synthesis, property, and application

Multiferroics represent a class of advanced materials for promising applications and stand at the forefront of modern science for the special feature possessing both charge polar and magnetic order. Previous studies indicate that the family of RECrO3 (RE = rare earth) compounds is likely another rare candidate system holding both ferroelectricity and magnetism. However, many issues remain unsolved, casting hot disputes about whether RECrO3 is multiferroic or not. For example, an incompatibility exists between reported structural models and observed ferroelectric behaviors, and it is not easy to determine the spin canting degree. To address these questions, one key step is to grow single crystals because they can provide more reliable information than other forms of matter do. In this review, the parent and doped ferroelectric YCrO3 compounds are comprehensively reviewed based on scientific and patent literatures from 1954 to 2022. The materials syntheses with different methods, including poly-, nano-, and single-crystalline samples and thin films, are summarized. The structural, magnetic, ferroelectric and dielectric, optical, and chemical-pressure (on Y and Cr sites by doping) dependent chemical and physical properties and the corresponding phase diagrams, are discussed. Diverse (potential) applications, including anti-corrosion, magnetohydrodynamic electrode, catalyst, negative-temperature-coefficient thermistor, magnetic refrigeration, protective coating, and solid oxide fuel cell, are present. To conclude, we summarize general results, reached consensuses, and existing controversies of the past nearly 69 years of intensive studies and highlight future research opportunities and emerging challenges to address existing issues.Comment: 69 pages, 35 figures, accepted by Coordination Chemistry Review

Bis[1,3-bis­(1-benzyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-oxapropane]nickel(II) dipicrate–dimethyl­formamide–ethanol (1/2/0.25)

In the title compound, [Ni(C30H26N4O)2](C6H2N3O7)2·2C3H7NO·0.25CH3CH2OH, the NiII ion is coordinated in a distorted octa­hedral environment by four N atoms and two O atoms from two tridendate 1,3-bis­(1-benzyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-oxapropane ligands. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance 3.501 (3) Å]. As well as the cation, two anions and two dimethyl­formamide solvent mol­ecules, the asymmetric unit also contains an ethanol solvent molecule with 0.25 occupancy

Distill Gold from Massive Ores: Efficient Dataset Distillation via Critical Samples Selection

Data-efficient learning has drawn significant attention, especially given the current trend of large multi-modal models, where dataset distillation can be an effective solution. However, the dataset distillation process itself is still very inefficient. In this work, we model the distillation problem with reference to information theory. Observing that severe data redundancy exists in dataset distillation, we argue to put more emphasis on the utility of the training samples. We propose a family of methods to exploit the most valuable samples, which is validated by our comprehensive analysis of the optimal data selection. The new strategy significantly reduces the training cost and extends a variety of existing distillation algorithms to larger and more diversified datasets, e.g. in some cases only 0.04% training data is sufficient for comparable distillation performance. Moreover, our strategy consistently enhances the performance, which may open up new analyses on the dynamics of distillation and networks. Our method is able to extend the distillation algorithms to much larger-scale datasets and more heterogeneous datasets, e.g. ImageNet-1K and Kinetics-400. Our code will be made publicly available

Economic Granularity Interval in Decision Tree Algorithm Standardization from an Open Innovation Perspective: Towards a Platform for Sustainable Matching

In the context of the application of artificial intelligence in an intellectual property trading platform, the number of demanders and suppliers that exchange scarce resources is growing continuously. Improvement of computational power promotes matching efficiency significantly. It is necessary to greatly reduce energy consumption in order to realize the machine learning process in terminals and microprocessors in edge computing (smart phones, wearable devices, automobiles, IoT devices, etc.) and reduce the resource burden of data centers. Machine learning algorithms generated in an open community lack standardization in practice, and hence require open innovation participation to reduce computing cost, shorten algorithm running time, and improve human-machine collaborative competitiveness. The purpose of this study was to find an economic range of the granularity in a decision tree, a popular machine learning algorithm. This work addresses the research questions of what the economic tree depth interval is and what the corresponding time cost is with increasing granularity given the number of matches. This study also aimed to balance the efficiency and cost via simulation. Results show that the benefit of decreasing the tree search depth brought by the increased evaluation granularity is not linear, which means that, in a given number of candidate matches, the granularity has a definite and relatively economical range. The selection of specific evaluation granularity in this range can obtain a smaller tree depth and avoid the occurrence of low efficiency, which is the excessive increase in the time cost. Hence, the standardization of an AI algorithm is applicable to edge computing scenarios, such as an intellectual property trading platform. The economic granularity interval can not only save computing resource costs but also save AI decision-making time and avoid human decision-maker time cost

Temperature-dependent structure of an intermetallic ErPd2_2Si2_2 single crystal: A combined synchrotron and in-house X-ray diffraction study

We have grown intermetallic ErPd$_2$Si$_2$ single crystals employing laser-diodes with the floating-zone method. The temperature-dependent crystallography was determined using synchrotron and in-house X-ray powder diffraction measurements from 20 to 500 K. The diffraction patterns fit well with the tetragonal $I$4/$mmm$ space group (No. 139) with two chemical formulas within one unit cell. Our synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study shows that the refined lattice constants are $a$ = 4.10320(2) {\AA}, $c$ = 9.88393(5) {\AA} at 298 K and $a$ = 4.11737(2) {\AA}, $c$ = 9.88143(5) {\AA} at 500 K, resulting in the unit-cell volume $V$ = 166.408(1) {\AA}$^3$ (298 K) and 167.517(2) {\AA}$^3$ (500 K). In the whole studied temperature range, we did not find any structural phase transition. Upon cooling, the lattice constants a and c are shortened and elongated, respectively.Comment: 5 Figures, 4 Table

The Effect of Menstruation Duration on the Achilles Tendon Cross-Sectional Area in Female Ballet Dancers

Females are more likely to suffer Achilles tendon injury that consequently leads to more complications including pain or tendon rupture, and experiencing fewer benefits from therapeutic interventions. There is a lack of knowledge on how estrogen, which may limit collagen synthesis, can affect tendon health and growth. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between menstruation duration and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the Achilles tendon over a 5-month period of intensive dance training. We hypothesize the female dancers who reported a menstruation duration of 1-3 days will have the smallest average tendon CSA in comparison to the groups of 4-7 days and 8-10 days within the same time point. METHODS: A sample of 25 female ballet dancers was selected randomly, and ultrasound imaging sessions were conducted to observe and measure both Achilles tendons. Following each imaging session, surveys were administered to collect information on their injuries and menstruation duration. RESULTS: A consistent pattern was found: individuals with menstrual cycles lasting 1-3 days exhibited the smallest tendon CSA average each month, in contrast to those with cycle durations of 4-6 and 7-10 days. The 4-6 days menstruation group and 7-10 days group varied in size ranks between the months although no within-group change was statistically significant (p\u3e0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that there were no significant differences between groups at any measured time points. Further research is essential to comprehend the implications fully, emphasizing the need for personalized preventive strategies and targeted interventions to optimize tendon health in this demographic

MgF2_2 as an effective additive for improving ionic conductivity of ceramic solid electrolytes

As typical solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), {Na}$_{1+x}${Zr}$_2${Si}$_{x}${P}$_{3-x}${O}$_{12}$ NASICONs provide an ideal platform for solid-state batteries (SSBs) that display higher safety and accommodate higher energy densities. The critical points for achieving SSBs with higher efficiencies are to improve essentially the ionic conductivity and to reduce largely the interfacial resistance between SSEs and cathode materials, which would necessitate extremely high level of craftsmanship and high-pressure equipment. An alternative to higher-performance and lower-cost SSBs is additive manufacturing. Here, we report on an effective additive, MgF$_2$, which was used in synthesizing NASICONs, resulting in SSEs with fewer defects and higher performance. With an addition of mere 1 wt$\%$ MgF$_2$ additive, the total room-temperature ionic conductivity of the NASICON electrolyte reaches up to 2.03 mS cm$^{-1}$, improved up to $\sim$ 181.3$\%$, with an activation energy of 0.277 eV. Meanwhile, the stability of the Na plating/stripping behavior in symmetric cells increases from 236 to 654 h. We tried to reveal the microscopic origins of the higher ionic conductivity of MgF$_2$-doped NASICONs by comprehensive in-house characterizations. Our study discovers a novel MgF$_2$ additive and provides an efficient way to prepare higher-performance SSEs, making it possible to fabricate lower-cost SSBs in industries.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure