Gestion de l'information embarquée dans des matériaux communicants à l'aide de protocoles de réseaux de capteurs sans fil

A new Internet of Things area is coming with communicating materials, which are able to provide diverse functionalities to users all along the product lifecycle. As example, it can track its own evolution which leads to gather helpful information. This new paradigm is fulfilled via the integration of specific electronic components into the product material. In this thesis, ultra-small wireless sensor nodes are used for concrete precast field. Indeed, storage of lifecycle information and data dissemination in communicating materials are very important issues. Therefore, this thesis provides a new protocol (USEE) for storing data by a systematic dissemination through the integrated sensor nodes. It guarantees that information could be retrieved in each piece of the concrete by intelligently managing data replication among each neighborhood of the sensor network. The protocol considers in the same set uniformity storage in the whole network, the data importance level, and the resource constraints of sensor nodes. Then, another new data retrieval protocol (RaWPG) is developed to extract the stored information. Castalia/OMNeT++ simulator is used to evaluate the performances of the proposed protocols.La thèse aborde le problème de la dissémination des informations liées au produit tout au long de son cycle de vie, par l?exploitation du concept de matière communicante. L?objectif général est de stocker dans la matière communicante ses caractéristiques initiales mais aussi l?évolution de ses propriétés durant son usage, en évitant de les perdre lors par exemple d?une transformation ou d?une destruction d?une partie du matériau. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, ce principe est appliqué dans le domaine des préfabriqués en béton, où des n?uds de réseaux de capteurs sans fil sont intégrés dans le béton. Ces n?uds sont alors utilisés pour stocker des informations relatives au cycle de vie du préfabriqué et à sa surveillance sur la phase d?usage. Un nouveau protocole de communication, nommé USEE, a été proposé et permet de diffuser uniformément les informations dans la matière en considérant qu?elles n?ont pas toutes la même importance. Le protocole USEE évite notamment la saturation rapide des mémoires des n?uds de façon à pouvoir stocker un maximum d?informations différentes. Ensuite, un protocole de lecture, intitulé RaWPG, a été développé. Il est adapté à la récupération d?informations uniformément réparties et consomme peu d?énergie. Ces deux protocoles ont été implémentés dans le simulateur réseau Castalia/OMNeT++ et ont permis de montrer leur intérêt par rapport au contexte applicatif mais aussi par rapport à d?autres protocoles similaires de la littérature

Indoor positioning system for IoT device based on BLE technology and MQTT protocol

International audienc

Concept and hardware considerations for product-service system achievement in Internet of things

International audienc

A comparative study of LPWAN technologies for large-scale IoT deployment

By 2020, more than 50 billion devices will be connected through radio communications. In conjunction with the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) market, low power wide area networks (LPWAN) have become a popular low-rate long-range radio communication technology. Sigfox, LoRa, and NB-IoT are the three leading LPWAN technologies that compete for large-scale IoT deployment. This paper provides a comprehensive and comparative study of these technologies, which serve as efficient solutions to connect smart, autonomous, and heterogeneous devices. We show that Sigfox and LoRa are advantageous in terms of battery lifetime, capacity, and cost. Meanwhile, NB-IoT offers benefits in terms of latency and quality of service. In addition, we analyze the IoT success factors of these LPWAN technologies, and we consider application scenarios and explain which technology is the best fit for each of these scenarios. Keywords: Internet of Things, LPWAN, LoRa, Sigfox, NB-Io

Communicating aircraft structure for solving black-box loss on ocean crash

International audienceCommercial aircrafts use black-box required for crash investigation purposes. While a black-box can be easily recovered in crash events on land, the same does not apply to crash events in great deep ocean water. This paper presents a new solution towards solving black-box data loss on ocean crash using a paradigm called communicating materials. The solution is developed through uniformly integrating hundreds of micro sensors nodes in the aircraft structure. The nodes could then construct a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) inside the aircraft. When a crash is detected by the aircraft system, the black-box data could be stored in all nodes using data storage protocols for WSN. Since nodes are uniformly deployed in the whole aircraft structure, investigators could thus gather preliminary crash causes information from the nodes inside any floated aircraft wreckage in the ocean. This solution was evaluated using Castalia simulator in terms of reliability, storage capacity, and energy efficiency

Non-localized and localized data storage in large-scale communicating materials: Probabilistic and hop-counter approaches

International audienceThe rapid development of Internet of Things has triggered the multiplication of communication nodes based on Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in various domains such as building, city, industry, and transport. These communication nodes are attached to a thing or directly included in the material of the thing to form a communicating material. In communicating material, one of the desired objectives is to merge the logical data with its physical material, thus simplifying the monitoring of its life cycle, the maintenance operations, and the recycling process. In this context, the initial form of the communicating material can evolve during its lifecycle. It can be split, aggregated with other materials, or partially damaged. However, the entire information in the material should always be accessible after each change. Thus, the objective of this research is to develop specific algorithms for efficient dissemination of information in the material in order to limit information losses. Two dissemination algorithms hop-counter-based and probabilistic-based are proposed for storing data by using WSNs, and non-localized and localized storage is considered. Non-localized storage ensures that information can be retrieved from each piece of the material by using a uniform data replication process. Localized storage ensures that the information is stored in a limited region of the material. Castalia/OMNeT++ simulator is used to compare the performance of the proposed algorithms with other similar protocols such as DEEP, Supple, and RaWMS