337 research outputs found
Review on the Conflicts between Offshore Wind Power and Fishery Rights: Marine Spatial Planning in Taiwan
In recent years, Taiwan has firmly committed itself to pursue the green energy transition and a nuclear-free homeland by 2025, with an increase in renewable energy from 5% in 2016 to 20% in 2025. Offshore wind power (OWP) has become a sustainable and scalable renewable energy source in Taiwan. Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is a fundamental tool to organize the use of the ocean space by different and often conflicting multi-users within ecologically sustainable boundaries in the marine environment. MSP is capable of definitively driving the use of offshore renewable energy. Lessons from Germany and the UK revealed that MSP was crucial to the development of OWP. This paper aims to evaluate how MSP is able to accommodate the exploitation of OWP in Taiwan and contribute to the achievement of marine policy by proposing a set of recommendations. It concludes that MSP is emerging as a solution to be considered by government institutions to optimize the multiple use of the ocean space, reduce conflicts and make use of the environmental and economic synergies generated by the joint deployment of OWP facilities and fishing or aquaculture activities for the conservation and protection of marine environments.Peer Reviewe
Vec2Gloss: definition modeling leveraging contextualized vectors with Wordnet gloss
Contextualized embeddings are proven to be powerful tools in multiple NLP
tasks. Nonetheless, challenges regarding their interpretability and capability
to represent lexical semantics still remain. In this paper, we propose that the
task of definition modeling, which aims to generate the human-readable
definition of the word, provides a route to evaluate or understand the high
dimensional semantic vectors. We propose a `Vec2Gloss' model, which produces
the gloss from the target word's contextualized embeddings. The generated
glosses of this study are made possible by the systematic gloss patterns
provided by Chinese Wordnet. We devise two dependency indices to measure the
semantic and contextual dependency, which are used to analyze the generated
texts in gloss and token levels. Our results indicate that the proposed
`Vec2Gloss' model opens a new perspective to the lexical-semantic applications
of contextualized embeddings
The Role of Molecular Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Neuropsychiatric disorders are becoming a major socioeconomic burden to modern society. In recent years, a dramatic expansion of tools has facilitated the study of the molecular basis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Molecular imaging has enabled the noninvasive characterization and quantification of biological processes at the cellular, tissue, and organism levels in intact living subjects. This technology has revolutionized the practice of medicine and has become critical to quality health care. New advances in research on molecular imaging hold promise for personalized medicine in neuropsychiatric disorders, with adjusted therapeutic doses, predictable responses, reduced adverse drug reactions, early diagnosis, and personal health planning. In this paper, we discuss the development of radiotracers for imaging dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic systems and β-amyloid plaques. We will underline the role of molecular imaging technologies in various neuropsychiatric disorders, describe their unique strengths and limitations, and suggest future directions in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric disorders
In vivo sub-femtoliter resolution photoacoustic microscopy with higher frame rates
Microscopy based on non-fluorescent absorption dye staining is widely used in various fields of biomedicine for 400 years. Unlike its fluorescent counterpart, non-fluorescent absorption microscopy lacks proper methodologies to realize its in vivo applications with a sub-femtoliter 3D resolution. Regardless of the most advanced high-resolution photoacoustic microscopy, sub-femtoliter spatial resolution is still unattainable, and the imaging speed is relatively slow. In this paper, based on the two-photon photoacoustic mechanism, we demonstrated a in vivo label free laser-scanning photoacoustic imaging modality featuring high frame rates and sub-femtoliter 3D resolution simultaneously, which stands as a perfect solution to 3D high resolution non-fluorescent absorption microscopy. Furthermore, we first demonstrated in vivo label-free two-photon acoustic microscopy on the observation of non-fluorescent melanin distribution within mouse skin
Lexical Retrieval Hypothesis in Multimodal Context
Multimodal corpora have become an essential language resource for language
science and grounded natural language processing (NLP) systems due to the
growing need to understand and interpret human communication across various
channels. In this paper, we first present our efforts in building the first
Multimodal Corpus for Languages in Taiwan (MultiMoco). Based on the corpus, we
conduct a case study investigating the Lexical Retrieval Hypothesis (LRH),
specifically examining whether the hand gestures co-occurring with speech
constants facilitate lexical retrieval or serve other discourse functions. With
detailed annotations on eight parliamentary interpellations in Taiwan Mandarin,
we explore the co-occurrence between speech constants and non-verbal features
(i.e., head movement, face movement, hand gesture, and function of hand
gesture). Our findings suggest that while hand gestures do serve as
facilitators for lexical retrieval in some cases, they also serve the purpose
of information emphasis. This study highlights the potential of the MultiMoco
Corpus to provide an important resource for in-depth analysis and further
research in multimodal communication studies
Exploring Affordance and Situated Meaning in Image Captions: A Multimodal Analysis
This paper explores the grounding issue regarding multimodal semantic
representation from a computational cognitive-linguistic view. We annotate
images from the Flickr30k dataset with five perceptual properties: Affordance,
Perceptual Salience, Object Number, Gaze Cueing, and Ecological Niche
Association (ENA), and examine their association with textual elements in the
image captions. Our findings reveal that images with Gibsonian affordance show
a higher frequency of captions containing 'holding-verbs' and 'container-nouns'
compared to images displaying telic affordance. Perceptual Salience, Object
Number, and ENA are also associated with the choice of linguistic expressions.
Our study demonstrates that comprehensive understanding of objects or events
requires cognitive attention, semantic nuances in language, and integration
across multiple modalities. We highlight the vital importance of situated
meaning and affordance grounding in natural language understanding, with the
potential to advance human-like interpretation in various scenarios.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
High-Frequency Sea Level Variations Observed by GPS Buoys Using Precise Point Positioning Technique
In this study, sea level variation observed by a 1-Hz Global Positioning System (GPS) buoy system is verified by comparing with tide gauge records and is decomposed to reveal high-frequency signals that cannot be detected from 6-minute tide gauge records. Compared to tide gauges traditionally used to monitor sea level changes and affected by land motion, GPS buoys provide high-frequency geocentric measurements of sea level variations. Data from five GPS buoy campaigns near a tide gauge at Anping, Tainan, Taiwan, were processed using the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique with four different satellite orbit products from the International GNSS Service (IGS). The GPS buoy data were also processed by a differential GPS (DGPS) method that needs an additional GPS receiver as a reference station and the accuracy of the solution depends on the baseline length. The computation shows the average Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) difference of the GPS buoy using DGPS and tide gauge records is around 3 - 5 cm. When using the aforementioned IGS orbit products for the buoy derived by PPP, its average RMSE differences are 5 - 8 cm, 8 - 13 cm, decimeter level, and decimeter-meter level, respectively, so the accuracy of the solution derived by PPP highly depends on the accuracy of IGS orbit products. Therefore, the result indicates that the accuracy of a GPS buoy using PPP has the potential to measure the sea surface variations to several cm. Finally, high-frequency sea level signals with periods of a few seconds to a day can be successfully detected in GPS buoy observations using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method and are identified as waves, meteotsunamis, and tides
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