3,940 research outputs found
A Sodium laser guide star coupling efficiency measurement method
Large telescope's adaptive optics (AO) system requires one or several bright
artificial laser guide stars to improve its sky coverage. The recent advent of
high power sodium laser is perfect for such application. However, besides the
output power, other parameters of the laser also have significant impact on the
brightness of the generated sodium laser guide star mostly in non-linear
relationships. When tuning and optimizing these parameters it is necessary to
tune based on a laser guide star generation performance metric. Although return
photon flux is widely used, variability of atmosphere and sodium layer make it
difficult to compare from site to site even within short time period for the
same site. A new metric, coupling efficiency is adopted in our field tests. In
this paper, we will introduce our method for measuring the coupling efficiency
of a 20W class pulse sodium laser for AO application during field tests that
were conducted during 2013-2015
Exploring AADL verification tool through model transformation
International audienceArchitecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) is often used to model safety-critical real-time systems. Model transformation is widely used to extract a formal specification so that AADL models can be verified and analyzed by existing tools. Timed Abstract State Machine (TASM) is a formalism not only able to specify behavior and communication but also timing and resource aspects of the system. To verify functional and nonfunctional properties of AADL models, this paper presents a methodology for translating AADL to TASM. Our main contribution is to formally define the translation rules from an adequate subset of AADL (including thread component, port communication, behavior annex and mode change) into TASM. Based on these rules, a tool called AADL2TASM is implemented using Atlas Transformation Language (ATL). Finally, a case study from an actual data processing unit of a satellite is provided to validate the transformation and illustrate the practicality of the approach
Enhanced Degradation of Waste Activated Sludge in Microbial Electrolysis Cell by Ultrasonic Treatment
This study investigates the feasibility of ultrasonic pretreatment for improving treatment efficiency of waste activated sludge (WAS) in microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Results showed that at applied voltage of 0.5 V, biogas production and cathodic hydrogen recovery enhanced 3.68-fold and 2.56-fold, respectively. Due to the transformation of soluble COD accelerated by the pretreatment, the removal rates of suspended solids and volatile suspended solids were significantly enhanced by 1.38-fold and 1.48-fold, respectively. Various kinds of organics, including VFAs (volatile fatty acids), proteins and carbohydrates, could be utilized in sequence. The primary biodegradable substance in MEC was hydrophilic fraction from sludge organics and the pretreatment effectively resulted in an elevated concentration of this fraction. The 16S rRNA pyrosequencing analysis demonstrated multiple syntrophic interactions between fermentative bacteria, exoelectrogenes, and methanogenic archaea in MEC for WAS
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