sj-docx-2-ejo-10.1177_11206721231169613 - Supplemental material for Visual impairment as a risk factor of cognitive function impairment: A six-year cohort study

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-ejo-10.1177_11206721231169613 for Visual impairment as a risk factor of cognitive function impairment: A six-year cohort study by Kai Cao, Jie Hao and Ning-Li Wang in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p

sj-docx-1-ejo-10.1177_11206721231169613 - Supplemental material for Visual impairment as a risk factor of cognitive function impairment: A six-year cohort study

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ejo-10.1177_11206721231169613 for Visual impairment as a risk factor of cognitive function impairment: A six-year cohort study by Kai Cao, Jie Hao and Ning-Li Wang in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p

Fast, Efficient, Catalyst-Free Epoxidation of Butyl Rubber Using Oxone/Acetone for Improved Filler Dispersion

Incorporation of a polar filler such as silica into a nonpolar rubber matrix is challenging and energy consuming due to their large difference in polarity. Epoxidation of carbon–carbon double bonds in unsaturated rubber, especially for rubber with low unsaturation such as butyl rubber, is an effective method to introduce polar functional groups to the rubber macromolecules for better filler dispersion. Although different epoxidation reagents including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peracid, and meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) have been previously reported, these reagents have different drawbacks. In this article, a metal-free epoxidation reagent, dimethyl dioxirane (DMDO), generated from acetone and Oxone is explored for efficient epoxidation of rubber with low unsaturation. The effects of the addition manner of the reactant Oxone and buffer sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and reaction temperature on the epoxide formation are studied. Compared to peracid, a faster and more efficient epoxidation without the generation of a ring-opened product is achieved when DMDO is used as the epoxidation reagent. Furthermore, it is found that the epoxidation using DMDO is not sensitive to the water concentration in the rubber solution up to 20 wt %. The addition of quaternary ammonium salt as a phase transfer catalyst not only improves the conversion but also further increases the water tolerance to 25 wt %. The reaction conditions for preparation of epoxidized butyl rubber with different percentages of epoxide group are optimized by Design of Experiments (DoE). At the end, improved dispersion of silica in the matrix of epoxidized butyl rubber is achieved, as revealed by the rubber process analyzer (RPA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Migration Insertion Polymerization (MIP) of Cyclo­penta­dienyl­dicarbonyl­diphenyl­phosphino­propyliron (FpP): A New Concept for Main Chain Metal-Containing Polymers (MCPs)

We report a conceptually new polymerization technique termed migration insertion polymerization (MIP) for main chain metal-containing polymer (MCP) synthesis. Cyclopenta­dienyl­dicarbonyl­diphenyl­phosphino­propyliron (FpP) is synthesized and polymerized via MIP, resulting in air stable poly­(cyclo­penta­dienyl­carbonyl­diphenyl­phosphino­butanoyliron) (PFpP) displaying narrow molecular weight distribution. The backbone of PFpP contains asymmetric iron units connected by both phosphine coordination and Fe-acyl bonds, which is representative of a new type of polymer. Furthermore, PFpP is tested to be soluble in a wide range of organic solvents and shown to possess reactive Fp end groups. PFpP amphiphiles have therefore been prepared via an end group migration insertion reaction in the presence of oligoethylene phosphine

Synthesis, Cyclization, and Migration Insertion Oligomerization of CpFe(CO)₂(CH₂)₃PPh₂ in Solution

Cyclopentadienyldicarbonyl­[(diphenylphosphino)­propyl]­iron (CpFe­(CO)₂(CH₂)₃PPh₂, FpP), containing both Fp and phosphine groups, was synthesized as a difunctional monomer for migration insertion polymerization (MIP). FpP underwent either intra- or intermolecular reactions in solution. When a solution with low FpP concentration (ca.1% by weight) was left at 25 °C, FpP was quantitatively converted to the five-membered-ring species <b>1</b> via CO release. On the other hand, when a solution at the same low concentration was heated to 70 °C in the dark, an intramolecular migration insertion reaction was promoted, leading to a high conversion of FpP (ca. 70%) to the six-membered cyclic Fp acyl derivatives <b>2</b>. At the same temperature with an increase in the concentration of FpP to 10% by weight, intermolecular MIR became predominant (ca. 90%) with a low yield of ring molecules (ca. 10%). Solution polymerization of FpP (ca. 20% by weight) was therefore performed at 70 °C, which generated both THF-soluble and -insoluble macromolecules via intermolecular migration insertion reactions. The resulting macromolecules were fully characterized by using FT-IR, solution- and solid-state ³¹P, and ¹³C NMR. The soluble macromolecules exhibit a molecular weight of ca. 4200 with a PDI value of ca. 1.24, as characterized by GPC. A kinetic study shows that the polymerization follows a step-growth mechanism

Additional file 1 of Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-encapsulated Bifidobacterium attenuates brain Aβ burden and improves olfactory dysfunction of APP/PS1 mice by nasal delivery

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Characterization of MSNs. a Transmission electron micrographs of MSNs of different sizes (scale bar = 200 nm). b Corresponding histogram and Gaussian fit of the measured MSN size distribution. Figure S2. Absorption spectroscopy of MSN-Cy3, FITC-Bifidobacterium, and MSNs-Bifidobacterium. Figure S3. Representative images of colonies formed by MSNs-Bi on the culture medium were used to evaluate the activity of Bifidobacterium in Krebs-Henseleit solution. Figure S4. Characterization of MSN-encapsulated Bifidobacterium and E. coli. MSNs loading rates for Bifidobacterium (a) and E. coli (b) and the viability of Bifidobacterium (c) and E. coli (d) during exposure to SIF. Figure S5. Distribution of MSNs-Bi in the gastrointestinal tract after intranasal administration. DAPI (blue), FITC (green), and Cy3 (Red). (scale bar = 200 μm). Figure S6. Distribution of MSNs-Bi in the lung after intranasal administration. DAPI (blue), FITC (green), and Cy3 (Red). (scale bar = 200 μm). Figure S7. Alpha diversity analysis of the gut microbiome of C57BL/6 mice (WT) and APP/PS1 mice treated with PBS, MSNs, Bifidobacterium, and MSNs-Bi. Bi refers to Bifidobacterium. Boxplots show the index of Chao1, ACE, and Shannon. Figure S8. The area fraction of ThioS-stained Aβ plaques in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon from APP/PS1 mice treated with PBS, MSNs, Bifidobacterium, and MSNs-Bi. Two-way ANOVA, ****P < 0.001. Figure S9. IP-Western blotting images of the brain, spinal cord, blood, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon from APP/PS1 mice treated with PBS, MSNs, Bifidobacterium, and MSNs-Bi. Figure S10. Relative fluorescence intensity was used to monitor changes in the level of Cy3 in MSNs

Additional file 1: of Phytochrome B1-dependent control of SP5G transcription is the basis of the night break and red to far-red light ratio effects in tomato flowering

Table S1. Sequences of primers used in this study for plasmid construction and quantitative RT-PCR. Figure S1. Partial amino acid alignment of tomato FT-like sequences and other PEBP family proteins. Vertical arrowheads indicate amino acids essential for AtFT activity (Tyr85/Gln140) versus AtTFL1 activity (His88/Asp144). The red shaded area is part of exon 4, which encodes an external loop that has evolved very rapidly among TFL1 homologs, but is almost invariant in FT homologs. The yellow shaded area indicates amino acids that are important for the antagonistic activities of FT-like genes in tomato and sugar beet. (PDF 197 kb

A non-invasive risk score for predicting incident diabetes among rural Chinese people: A village-based cohort study - Fig 2

<p>(A) Receiver operating characteristic curves for various scores applied to the validation population in HES in 2006–2013. Blue, current diabetes risk score (AUC, 0.686); Purple, China diabetes risk score (AUC, 0.662); Green, Thai risk score (AUC, 0.656); Grey, Korean risk score (AUC, 0.643); Yellow, Japanese risk score (AUC, 0.584); Red, Qingdao risk score (AUC, 0.636). (B) Receiver operating characteristic curves for various scores applied to the validation population in HES in 2006–2013. Blue, current diabetes risk score (AUC, 0.686); Green, FINDRISC score (AUC, 0.681); Grey, French DESIR score (AUC, 0.677); Purple, AUSDRISK score (AUC, 0.655); Yellow, Cambridge risk score (AUC, 0.632); Red, Framingham risk score (AUC, 0.661).</p

Additional file 1 of Association between sleep quality and dry eye disease: a literature review and meta-analysis

Supplementary Material 1: Search Strateg

Results under differential strategy.

<p>Results under differential strategy.</p