From waste to art, design and construction

When the space is considered as a social product, man-made issues and their alternative solutions might be brought right in to this space as building materials to build and decorate the surfaces or layers. In this context, the plastic packaging wastes and their recycling problem significantly be taken as the man-made issue while the shredded waste mixture in bond resin to mold a building material could surely be its solution. Thus, a spatial design for the society made out of man-made problem and its’ alternative solution is a sustainable social product. As it is usually mentioned, the major problem with the recycling of the plastic wastes is the diversity of the chemical structures of the different plastic materials which leads to a strict separation implementation in the recycling facilities according to the official numeric recycling labels by various methods. Knowing that the chemical structures are causing this recycling problem, another perspective is needed to solve the plastic pollution by thinking outside the box, eliminating the chemical dead end. In this article, a recycled building material concept is highlighted for an alternative usage which is suitable for in and out door spatial designs regarding to the awareness of the growing plastic packaging waste issues, in an artistic way.No sponso

Internship experience in architecture and interior architecture departments from students’ point of views

Internship is an important part of the education system which enables students to consolidate the knowledge gained from practical and theoretical courses by various field experiences and implementations. Despite the proven great advantages of the internship training for the education process, it is observed that the architecture and interior architecture education system in Turkey give less importance to the internship compared to the western countries and it has also been observed that there is a large gap in terms of the studies and researches related to this field in Turkey. For this purpose, a survey study was conducted with 2nd and 3rd grade students who completed their summer internship at Antalya Bilim University in 2019. The survey was aimed to raise awareness of the place of the internship in the education system with all the positive and negative experiences that might be contributed to the students. The survey was carried out according to three phases of the internship process. First phase is related to the pre-internship period in order to understand the students’ experiences before finding the internship institutions. The second stage is about the internship period for recognizing student experiences during the internship implementations. The third stage is related to the post-internship period to get the experiences gained after the internship. Accordingly, the survey results were evaluated in terms of the role of the internship experience in the architecture and interior architecture education processes and its importance in the professional life were examined.No sponso

De Stijl hareketinde iki boyutlu sanat objesinden üç boyutlu yapıta dönüşüm

Art and architecture are disciplines that share a common goal and similar formal principles. With the return of these partnerships, the architects did not hesitate to emulate and collaborate with other disciplines when necessary, but also blended their own methods and knowledge. Looking at the 20th century De Stijl period, the painter Piet Mondrian and the artist Theo van Doesburg abstracted concrete objects and reduced them to their formal concepts. In the following processes, the paintings were reinterpreted and turned into spaces. Leading architects of the period such as Gerrit Rietveld, Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright also created their own works by emulating space and abstract painting with semantic and functional concepts. This process involves the creation of the new knowledge and concrete work that the designers produce as a result of their subjective interpretation of the concepts they reach with abstractions and the concepts they deal with. As a result of the search for expression, architects can transform their ideas into a work through abstraction inspired by abstract art, as well as present their own work by emulating an architectural work. While trying to create a work, inspiration, influence and similarities in art and architecture are a possible process. Such influences contribute to the originality of the architects by adding their own interpretation. Today, designers and architects are unaware of the conceptual basis of the works they emulate and produce. The fact that they do not attach importance to the creative thinking and questioning process required to produce original designs causes not enough original works to emerge. Within the scope of this article, it is suggested to complete the processes such as the architect's own abstract thinking, understanding the architectural infrastructure from the structures of master architects in the literature, along with the proposed method and course content for architectural undergraduate education. In this way, it is thought that students will contribute to the creation of original works as an architect after graduation and that a natural process such as emulation does not turn into imitation.Sanat ve mimarlık, ortak hedefi ve benzer biçimsel ilkeleri paylaşmakta olan disiplinlerdir. Bu ortaklıkların getirisiyle beraber mimarlar gerektiğinde diğer disiplinlerden öykünmekten ve işbirliğinden kaçınmamış, kendi yöntem ve bilgilerini de ekleyerek harmanlamışlardır. 20. yüzyıl De Stijl dönemine bakıldığında ressam Piet Mondrian ve sanatçı Theo van Doesburg somut objeleri soyutlayarak biçimsel kavramlarına indirgemişlerdir. Sonraki süreçlerde resimler tekrar yorumlanarak mekâna dönüştürülmüştür. Gerrit Rietveld, Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright gibi dönemin önde gelen mimarları da anlamsal ve işlevsel kavramlarla mekan ve soyut resimden öykünerek kendi yapıtlarını ortaya koymuştur. Bu süreç, tasarımcının soyutlamalarla ulaştığı kavramları ve ele aldığı kavramlara yönelik öznel yorumlamaları sonucunda ürettiği yeni bilgiyi yani somut yapıtı oluşturmayı içermektedir. İfade arayışı sonucunda mimar, soyut sanattan esinlenerek soyutlama yoluyla fikirlerini yapıta dönüştürebildiği gibi mimari bir yapıttan öykünerek kendi eserini de ortaya koyabilmektedir. Bir yapıt yaratma çabası içerisindeyken, sanat ve mimarlıkta esinlenme, etkilenme ve benzerlikler olası bir süreçtir. Bu tür etkilenmeler mimarın kendi yorumunu da katarak özgünlüğe ulaşmasında katkı sağlamaktadır. Günümüzde birçok tasarımcı ve mimar öykündükleri ve ürettikleri yapıtların kavramsal altyapısından habersizlerdir. Özgün tasarımlar ortaya koyabilmek için gereken yaratıcı düşünme ve sorgulama sürecine önem vermemeleri ortaya yeterince özgün yapıtların çıkmamasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu makale kapsamında, mimarlık lisans eğitimi için önerilen yöntem ve ders içeriği ile birlikte, mimarın kendi soyut düşünme, mimari altyapıyı literatürdeki usta mimarların yapılarından kavrama gibi süreçlerin eğitim hayatında tamamlanması önerilmektedir. Bu sayede öğrencilerin mezun olduktan sonra mimar olarak özgün eserler vermesine ve öykünme gibi doğal bir sürecin taklide dönmemesine katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.No sponso

Comparative examination of the building materials course contents and total course hours in architecture departments in Turkey

International Mardin Artuklu Scientific Researches Conference (6. 2021 : Mardin, Turkey)Architecture is a discipline that takes into account many factors such as user, function, art, technology and cost, which are based on design activity and shape the physical environment. Today, architectural education and practice is influenced by the developing level of knowledge; It needs to create more information infrastructure in order to find solutions to the conditions of the period and user requests. As architecture students are affected by the developments of the age, it is necessary to define the knowledge and skills necessary to fulfill the architectural profession and to establish cooperation with the professional application field of architectural programs. However, the fact that the field of practice and the field of education in architectural education in Turkey does not support each other and education outweighs the practice causes the prolongation of the process of theoretical knowledge turning into practice, thereby causing a negative effect on professional life. In order to avoid the aforementioned situations, architectural education is required in a way to establish the relationship of the knowledge gained in theoretical courses with practice. Accordingly, within the aims of architectural education; The teaching of making designs by combining contemporary, historical and cultural values with materials and technology should be provided. Depending on these purposes, an architect must have material knowledge in order to select the appropriate material and components that define the nature of the building and provide integrity in the design. Therefore, in addition to detailed theoretical knowledge about building materials, combining with practice is one of the most important situations in increasing the material knowledge of the architectural student and training architects with sufficient knowledge on the subject. The main purpose of determining the subject has been the integration of the "Building Materials" course, which is determined as the research subject, with a broad theoretical knowledge including today's technologies in relation to building, material and design, as well as application. In architectural education, the building materials course is not included in the architecture departments of some universities in Turkey, or in the course of the undergraduate education, which is examined by transferring information about building materials in the related fields of other courses, in the course content, practice and theory, not being given at a sufficient level in the professional field negatively affects the efficiency in the professional field. Yet, material knowledge plays an important role in designing quality and realistic buildings in terms of quality and quantity from past to present. From this point on, 'Building Materials' course content and total hours of all ninety-six universities with architectural programs in Turkey have been handled comparatively, with these examinations, the difference between the course content, the year the course is given and the total course hours have been tried to be revealed. In order to determine the effect of building materials course on architectural education and professional life, a questionnaire was applied to architecture students, newly graduated architects and architect employers.By evaluating these examinations and the results of the applied questionnaire, the point where the "Building Materials" lesson is located in the architecture departments in Turkey has been tried to be determined, and suggestions have been made in line with the results.Mimarlık, temelinde tasarım etkinliği olan, fiziksel çevreyi şekillendiren kullanıcı, işlev, sanat, teknoloji ve maliyet gibi birçok etkeni göz önüne alan bir disiplindir. Günümüzde, mimarlık eğitimi ve pratiği gelişen bilgi düzeyinden etkilenmekte; dönemin koşulları ile kullanıcı isteklerine çözümler bulabilmek için daha fazla bilgi alt yapısı oluşturmaya ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Mimarlık öğrencilerinin çağın gelişmelerinden etkilenmesiyle birlikte, mimarlık mesleğini yerine getirmek için gerekli bilgi ve becerilerinin tanımlanması ve mimarlık programların mesleki uygulama alanıyla iş birlikleri kurması gerekmektedir. Ancak, Türkiye’deki mimarlık eğitiminde uygulama alanı ile eğitim alanının birbirini destekleyici nitelikte olmaması ve eğitimin uygulamaya göre daha ağır basması teorik bilginin pratiğe dönüşme sürecinin uzamasına, dolayısıyla meslek yaşantısına olumsuz etkiye neden olmaktadır. Sözü edilen durumların önüne geçebilmek için teorik derslerde kazanılan bilgilerin pratikle ilişkisini kuracak bir şekilde mimarlık eğitimi gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, mimarlık eğitiminin amaçları içerisinde; çağdaş, tarihi ve kültürel değerleri, malzeme ve teknoloji ile birlikte birleştirerek tasarımlar yapabilme öğretisi sağlanmalıdır. Bu amaçlara bağlı olarak, yapının niteliğini tanımlayan, tasarımda bütünlük sağlayan uygun malzemenin ve bileşenlerinin seçilebilmesi için bir mimarın malzeme bilgisinin olması gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla, mimarlık öğrencesine yapı malzemeleri hakkında ayrıntılı teorik bilginin yanı sıra uygulama ile birleştirme mimarlık öğrencisinin malzeme bilgisinin arttırılmasında ve konu ile ilgili yeterli bilgi sahibi mimarların yetişmesinde büyük önem taşıyan durumların başında gelmektedir. Araştırma konusu olarak belirlenen ‘Yapı Malzemeleri’ dersinin bina, malzeme ve tasarım ilişkisinde günümüz teknolojilerini içeren geniş bir teorik bilginin yanı sıra uygulama ile bütünleşmesi konu belirlenmesindeki temel amaç olmuştur. Mimarlık eğitiminde yapı malzemeleri dersinin Türkiye’deki bazı üniversitelerin mimarlık bölümlerinde yer almaması ya da lisans eğitimi sürecinde diğer derslerin ilgili alanlarında yapı malzemeleri hakkında bilgi aktarımı yapılması ile incelenen bu dersin ders içeriğinde, uygulama ve teorikte yeterli düzeyde verilmemesi mesleki alandaki verimliliği olumsuz etkilemektedir. Oysaki malzeme bilgisi geçmişten günümüze, nitelik ve nicelik bakımından kaliteli ve gerçekçi yapılar tasarlanmasında önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle, Türkiye’de mimarlık programı bulunan tüm doksan altı üniversitenin ‘Yapı Malzemeleri’ dersi içeriği ve toplam saatleri karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmış, bu irdelemeler ile ders içeriği, dersin verildiği yıl ile toplam ders saatinin teorik ve uygulama olarak farklılığı ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapı malzemeleri dersinin mimarlık eğitimine ve meslek yaşantısına etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla mimarlık öğrencilerine, yeni mezun mimarlara ve mimar işverenlere anket uygulanmıştır. Bu irdelemeler ve uygulanan anket sonuçları değerlendirilerek, Türkiye’deki mimarlık bölümlerinde ‘Yapı Malzemeleri’ dersinin bulunduğu nokta tespit edilmeye çalışılmış, varılan sonuçlar doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.No sponso

Plastik Ambalaj Atıklarından Yapı Malzemesi Üretimi

The sustainability concept which was put aside with the industrial revolution, reminded itself with a bitter panorama of the damages and irredeemable losses on the planet. The production and the consumption insanity that we are living today is causing many ecological issues which have to be solved globally. One of these issues is the plastic packaging waste issue. The only sustainable ways to solve this waste problem which burning or burying is also causing other environmental issues, are recycling and re using methods. On the other hand, through the rising environmental values, green building certification systems have been designed to measure the environmental sensitivity of the structures and evaluate the construction industry. The points which are scored according to different geographic criteria and conditions are given in different classifications like energy efficiency, material usage and innovations.Sanayi devrimi ile göz ardı edilmiş olan sür dürülebilirlik kavramı; gezegene verdiğimiz hasar ve telafisi olmayan yıkımlar sonucu, kendini acı bir tablo ile hatırlatmıştır. Günümüzde yaşanmakta olan üretim ve tüketim çılgınlığı ise küresel olarak çözümlenmesi gereken çevre sorunlarını beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu sorunlardan biri de plastik ambalaj atıkları problemidir. Yakılarak ve gömülerek kontrol altına alınmaya kalkıldığında farklı çevre sorunlarına sebep olan bu atıklar için sürdürülebilir çözüm yolları ise geri dönüşüm ve tekrar işlevlendirme metotlarından geçmektedir. Öte yandan tekrar yükselen çevresel değerler bağlamında; dünya çapında mimari ve iç mimari uygulamalarının çevre duyarlılıklarının ölçüldüğü, çeşitli sertifika programları ile yapı sektörünün sürdürülebilirlik karnesinin verildiği sistemler geliştirilmiştir

Design studio course model designed for the first semester of interior architecture departments

For years, educators and researchers have been trying to solve educational problems by developing new models in the field of education. Although this situation is the same in design education, there are still many problems to be solved. In the interior architecture discipline, students get into the university by solving tests and spend all their childhood and youth periods with one-answer thinking, which makes the first period of design education very challenging. This situation distinguishes the first semester from other semesters as a semester that educators and researchers should pay more attention. There was a need to develop a simplified and interesting and instructive first design studio model for students who do not have any design and drawing background. While the first design studio course was taught as a Basic Design course in many interior architecture departments, the curriculum was updated with the extra emphasis given by the academicians of Antalya Bilim University Interior Architecture and Environmental Design and the Basic Design course was added to the first semester, apart from the design studio course. For the design studio course, environmental design study was suggested in the first design studio, considering that the design of 1/100 scale and the immediate surroundings of the buildings are covered superficially, due to the impact of interior architecture being a profession that goes down to smaller details. In this course model, which aims to make up for the lack of the "environmental design" course, which was previously available in interior architecture departments but has now been removed from the curriculum of many departments, this course model focuses on abstraction, modular architecture, design elements, load, structure, design, landscape elements and environmental design. This course, which runs parallel to the Technical Drawing-I course, also helps to consolidate the knowledge learned in other courses.Yıllardır, eğitimciler ve araştırmacılar eğitim alanında yeni modeller geliştirerek eğitim alanındaki sorunları çözümlemeye çalışmaktadır. Tasarım eğitiminde de bu durum aynı olmakla birlikte, hala çözüm aranan birçok problem bulunmaktadır. İçmimarlık disiplini özelinde, öğrencilerin test çözerek üniversiteye girmesi ve tüm çocukluk ve gençlik dönemlerini tek cevaplı düşünme şekliyle geçirmeleri, tasarım eğitiminin ilk dönemini oldukça zorlayıcı kılmaktadır. Bu durum, eğitimcilerin ve araştırmacıların daha çok eğilmesi gereken bir yarıyıl olarak birinci sınıfın birinci dönemini, diğer dönemlerden ayrıştırmaktadır. Herhangi bir tasarım ve çizim altyapısına sahip olmayan öğrenciler için ilgi çekici, öğretici ve de sadeleştirilmiş bir “ilk tasarım stüdyosu” modeli geliştirilmesi ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Birçok içmimarlık bölümünde ilk tasarım stüdyosu dersi Temel Tasarım dersi olarak işlenirken, Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi İç Mimarlık ve Çevre Tasarımı öğretim elemanlarının bu konuya verdiği fazladan önemle birlikte müfredat güncellenmiş ve tasarım stüdyosu dersi haricinde birinci yarıyıla Temel Tasarım dersi eklenmiştir. Tasarım stüdyosu dersi için ise genellikle içmimarlığın daha küçük detaylara inen bir meslek olmasının verdiği etkiyle, 1/100 ölçeğin ve yapıların yakın çevrelerinin tasarımının biraz daha yüzeysel geçildiği göz önünde bulundurularak, birinci tasarım stüdyosunda çevre tasarımı çalışması önerilmiştir. İçmimarlık/ içmimarlık ve çevre tasarımı bölümlerinde önceden bulunan ancak şimdi birçok bölümün müfredatından kaldırılmış olan “çevre tasarımı” dersinin eksikliğini de kapatmayı hedefleyen bu ders modelinde, soyutlama, modüler mimarlık, tasarım elemanları, yük, yapı, tasarım, peyzaj öğeleri ve çevre tasarımına odaklanılmaktadır. Teknik Çizim I dersiyle paralel giden bu ders, aynı zamanda diğer derslerde öğrenilen bilgilerin de pekişmesine yardım etmektedir.No sponso

Computer aided graphic communication course model suitable for distance education of the interior architecture discipline

In line with the COVID-19 global pandemic measures, with the obligation to stay at home and continue university education online, serious problems have also been encountered regarding the online functioning of interior architecture departments and applied/technical courses in Turkey. The lack of studies on this subject in the literature reveals that there is a serious gap on the subject. In the Technical Drawing courses, which are the "backbone" of interior architecture education, it has become necessary to develop an education model for digitally assisted teaching in a way that will not lag behind the abilities of traditional methods for the new generation that has born into the digital world. In this context; In the course setup developed for the online "Technical Drawing-I" course of the 2020-21 fall semester, Antalya Bilim University Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; In the classroom environment, short video recordings were created for tutorial drawings and related mock ups on the whiteboard. These recordings were presented to the students on the YouTube platform. Learning is aimed with the opportunity to watch the videos repetitively, that are designed to show the drawings step by step which are the subject of the lesson. During the live / simultaneous lessons, the lesson taught with traditional drawing methods as a video on YouTube was explained over the CAD and these lessons were recorded and opened to the access of the students. It is aimed to increase the perception of the 3rd dimension by renders of the 3D object or space, where the students see the mock up and hand drawing in the YouTube video, for which the 2D drawing is made in the CAD.COVID-19 küresel salgın önlemleri doğrultusunda evlere kapanılması ve üniversite eğitiminin çevrimiçi olarak devam ettirilmesi zorunluluğuyla birlikte, Türkiye’de de iç mimarlık bölümlerinin, uygulamalı/teknik derslerinin çevrimiçi olarak işleyişiyle ilgili ciddi problemlerle karşılaşılmıştır. Literatürde bu konuya dair yapılan çalışmaların yetersizliği, konuya dair ciddi bir açığın olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. İç Mimarlık disiplininin, grafik iletişim dili niteliğindeki Teknik Çizim derslerinde, dijital dünyanın içine doğmuş yeni nesle, geleneksel yöntemlerin kazandırdığı yetilerden geri kalmayacak şekilde, dijital destekli öğretim konusunda bir eğitim modeli geliştirmek gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda; Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi İç Mimarlık ve Çevre Tasarımı Bölümü 2020-21 güz dönemi çevrim içi “Teknik Çizim-I” dersi için geliştirilen ders kurgusunda; sınıf ortamında, beyaz tahtada çizimler ve ilgili maketler yapılarak kısa video kayıtları oluşturulmuştur. Bu kayıtlar Youtube platformunda öğrencilere sunulmuştur. Derse konu olan çizimleri adım adım gösterecek şekilde tasarlanmış videoları, tekrar tekrar izleme imkânı ile öğrenim hedeflenmiştir. Canlı/eşzamanlı dersler esnasında ise, Youtube’da video olarak geleneksel çizim yöntemleriyle öğretilen dersin; bilgisayar destekli çizim üzerinden anlatımı yapılmış ve bu dersler de kaydedilerek öğrencinin erişimine açılmıştır. Öğrencilere, CAD programında 2 boyutlu çizimi yaptırılan, Youtube videosunda maketini ve el çizimini gördükleri 3 boyutlu objenin ya da mekânın, gerekli görülürse 3 boyutlu modellemesi yapılarak, 3. boyut algısının arttırılması amaçlanmıştır.No sponso

Tarihi yapılara çağdaş cephe ve çatı elemanlarının eklemlenme biçimleri ve yapı-malzeme uyumu ilişkisinin Türkiye ve dünya örnekleri üzerinde incelenmesi

Preserving the historical and cultural heritage and transferring it to future generations is very important for the sustainability of the cultural values. In order for historical buildings to be long-lasting and to be passed on to future generations, they must be adapted to contemporary usage conditions by changing existing functions or adding secondary functions when necessary. In this sense, historical buildings undergo renewal processes such as integration, renewal, re-functioning and modern addition.In these processes, it is important to protect the uniqueness of the buildings, to cause minimum damage to the building with minimal intervention, and to prevent the historical texture of contemporary additions, in line with the principles of preservation. Therefore, the aim of the study is to examine the relationship between the integration-re-functioning-contemporary supplementary applications and the building in the context of physical, visual, material selection and design approaches by considering contemporary elements that are articulated to historical buildings on different structures. In addition, it is the interpretation of the positive and negative effects on the buildings by investigating the differences between the interpretation of the integration in the historical structure and the contemporary annex approaches on the basis of countries. The method of the study has been determined as the shaping of the contemporary building elements that are attached to the historical buildings in Turkey and the world, and the physical-visual harmony of the material with the structure according to the criteria determined in accordance with international regulations, declarations, principles and standards. Based on the fact that the renewal process and the results of the buildings differ on the basis of countries, a total of 10 different structures, 5 from Turkey and 5 from the world, have been selected and researched. The articulation forms of the roof and facade elements applied to the selected buildings and the visual-formal harmony of the contemporary material with the structure were determined by literature review, by examining the visual sources and by making the research analysis into a comparative table. A survey was conducted on architects and restoration experts to investigate how the examined buildings are perceived and interpreted by the experts of the subject. As a result of the study, it was observed that the effect of the material selection and shaping of the contemporary elements used in the process of renovating historical buildings on the building has different results in physical and visual contexts on the basis of countries. When the formation of the contemporary elements applied to historical buildings in the process of restoration and re-functioning is examined in line with the preservation rules, it is seen that there is a universal common language, but it has been revealed that there are differences between countries in their implementation.No sponso

The impacts of the industrial cannabis fiber usage as building material on human helth

Cannabis, which originated in Asia, is an ancient plant that migrated to many parts of the world with mankind. In line with the benefits and services offered to humanity throughout the history of civilizations, it has been inherited from generation to generation with the definition of a useful plant. Cannabis Sativa L. species is one of the oldest known fiber plants. While its fibers are used for various products such as thread, rope and fabric, different parts of the plant are also used in medical products. In line with the findings obtained from archaeological excavations, ancient evidences of cannabis plant cultivation and processing in daily life, are also encountered at many sites from Mesopotamian civilizations to Anatolian civilizations. In this context, there is also an industrial hemp and hemp based production memory in Anatolian lands as well as many countries in the world. This industrial plant, which can be grown easily under the climate conditions of Turkey; After the Second World War, its production and related economy were restricted as a result of the international agreements involved. For this reason, the organic and sustainable hemp raw material has been forgotten agriculturally and has lost its share to petroleum-based imported raw materials. The cannabis plant, its potential has been ignored until recently, is now being tried to be brought back to the economy. In this study, the future and potential benefits of the hemp industry is discussed from the perspective of architecture and interior architecture disciplines. The usage of industrial hemp-based products in the construction sector and its sub-sectors as building materials in the context of human health and environmental sensitivity were investigated the while comparisons among hemp based and existing synthetic products and recommendations were made.No sponso