The Dipole Moment (DM) and Recursive Update in Frequency Domain (RUFD) Methods: Two Novel Techniques in Computational Electromagnetics

In this paper, we begin by introducing a novel concept for formulating electromagnetic simulation problems that is based on the use of the Dipole Moment (DM) approach, which has several desirable features. First, it circumvents the need to deal with the singularity that is inherently encountered during the process of evaluating the matrix elements in the conventional Method of Moments (MoM) formulation based on the Green's function approach. Second, it handles both dielectric and conducting materials, be they lossy or lossless, in a universal manner, without employing different starting points for the formulation. This enables us to handle inhomogeneous problems in a convenient manner using a single formulation. Third, it does not suffer from the so-called “low-frequency breakdown” problem in the conventional MoM formulation, which is presently handled by using special basis functions, such as the loop-star. Fourth, it enables us to hybridize with finite methods to solve multi-scale problems in a convenient manner