Bal arısı (Apis mellifera L.) Larvalarında Farklı Diyet Uygulamalarının İşçi ve Ana Arı Oluşumu Üzerine Etkisi

Honey bee larvae feed on mandibular and hypopharyngeal gland secretions produced by Apis mellifera L. worker bees.In this study, 1-day-old larvae were transferred to Petri dishes and fed with diets in different sugar ratios. In the larvae fed daily, worker bee survival rate, weight, the number of adult individuals obtained and the probability of obtaining queen bees in individuals fed at different sugar ratios were determined. A 90% rate was achieved in workers who switched to the defecation phase in worker bees. In the queen bee group, a rate of 33% has made the transition to a defecation phase. It has been determined that there is a decrease in the life rate and weight of the larvae with the increase in the sugar content in the honey bee feeding and it is recommended not to feed with a high dose of sugar.Bal arısı larvaları, Apis mellifera L. işçi arılar tarafından üretilen mandibular ve hipofaringal bez salgılarıyla beslenirler. Bu çalışmada 1 günlük yaştaki larvalar petri kaplarına transfer edilmiş ve farklı şeker oranlarında diyetlerle besleme yapılmıştır. Günlük olarak besleme yapılan larvalarda işçi arı yaşam oranı, ağırlığı, elde edilen yetişkin birey miktarı ve farklı şeker oranlarında besleme yapılan bireylerde ana arı elde etme olasılığı belirlenmiştir. İşçi arı bireylerinde defecasyon evresine geçiş yapanlarda % 90 lık bir oran elde edilmiştir. Ana arı grubunda ise % 33 bir oran defecasyon evresine geçiş sağlamıştır. Bal arısı beslemesinde şeker oranındaki artışla birlikte larvalarda yaşam oranı ve ağırlığında azalma olduğu belirlenmiş olup yüksek dozda şekerle besleme yapılmaması önerilmektedir

Determination of Milk Production Characteristics, Phenotypic, Genetic and Environmental Trends in Jersey Cattle Page

This study was conducted to determine the effects of environmental factors on milk yield traits of Jersey breed cattle reared at the Karakoy State Farm located in Samsun Province of Turkey, as well as the phenotypic, genetic and environmental trends in relation to 305 day milk yield. The Wombat software was used to estimate heritability and breeding values for milk yield. The effects of parity, season and year factors on actual and 305 day milk yields were found to be statistically significant (P<0.01). The mean values of lactation length, actual and 305 day milk yields of Jersey cattle were found as 310 +/- 5 days, 4462 +/- 90 kg and 4183 +/- 70 kg, respectively. A phenotypic trend of 29.97 kg year-1, genetic trend of 18.71 kg year(-1) and environmental trend of 11.26 kg year(-1) were estimated. The heritability of 305 day milk yield was 0.344. The overall results of this study showed that an improvement in Jersey cattle reared at the Karakoy State Farm between the years 2006 and 2014 was provided remarkably on the basis of phenotypic, genetic and environmental trends and the enterprise had a good genotype and a good management

Televizyon Reklamları İle Gerçekleştirilen Bal Satışlarının Tüketicilerin Satın Alma Davranışları Üzerine Etkileri

Honey is the most known and consumed bee product by consumers. Therefore, from the past to thepresent, the investigation of the factors affecting the supply and consumption of honey has been onthe agenda of the researchers. For this purpose, in our survey study, the effects of honey sales carriedout via television channels (commercials) on consumers were investigated. According to the surveyresults, it was determined that 87.91% of consumers had a negative view about honey sales performedvia television, 3.54% had a positive opinion, and 8.55% had no opinion on the issue. It was foundthat 5.83% of consumers bought honey through television commercials, and the education, income,gender and number of individuals in their households have an effect on the tendency to buy honey.Regarding the exposing of companies selling fake or adulterated honey by the Ministry of Agricultureand Forestry, results showed that this situation positively affected 54.53 of consumers in terms oftrust in honey positively, affected 13.30% of consumers negatively, and did not affect 13.30% ofconsumers in any way. As a result, deceptive honey commercials lead to consumer abuse and createan environment of distrust of honey. In order to minimize speculation on honey, it is seen necessaryto increase deterrent penalties for businesses that lead to unfair competition.Bal, tüketiciler tarafından en çok bilinen ve tüketilen arı ürünüdür. Bu nedenle geçmişten günümüze balın temini ve tüketimi üzerine etki eden faktörlerin araştırılması araştırmacıların gündeminde olmuştur. Bu amaçla, anket çalışmamızda televizyon kanalları (reklamları) vasıtasıyla gerçekleştirilen bal satışlarının tüketici nezdindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre tüketicilerin %87,91’inin televizyondan bal satışları ile ilgili olumsuz, %3,54’ünün olumlu görüşe sahip oldukları, %8,55’inin ise konu ile ilgili herhangi bir fikrinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Tüketicilerin %5,83’ünün televizyon reklamlarından bal satın aldığı ve bal satın alma eğiliminde; eğitim, gelir, cinsiyet ve hanelerindeki birey sayısının etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı tarafından sahte veya tağşişli bal satışı yapan şirketlerin teşhir edilmesi ile ilgili olarak, tüketicilerin %54,53’ü bala olan güven konusunda olumlu yönde etkilendiğini, %13,30’u olumsuz yönde etkilendiğini ve %32,17’si ise hiçbir şekilde etkilenmediğini belirtmiştir. Sonuç olarak; aldatıcı bal reklamları tüketici nezdinde istismara yol açmakta ve bala karşı güvensizlik ortamı oluşturmaktadır. Bal üzerindeki spekülasyonları engellemek en aza indirmek adına haksız rekabete yol açan işletmelere caydırıcı cezaların arttırılması elzem görülmektedir

The Effects of Wintering in Different Climatic Regions of Turkey on Some Physiological Characteristic of Caucasian Honey Bee (Apis mellifera caucasica) Colonies

This study was conducted in two locations have different altitudes in the cities which have different climates as Ankara, Ordu, Erzurum, Mersin. The purpose of this work was to define some physiological properties of the bees such as the survivability of colony, wintering ability, usage of stoked honey and to discuss all these data. This study lasted two years and the second year was the continuation of the first year. At the beginning of the year, colonies which has the same genotype were equalized as number of combs covered with bees, stocked honey and brood areas and so on. According to the data analysis, it was obtained that the quantity of the stocked honey was not statistically significant by the region×altitude×year interaction. However, year×region and region×altitude interactions were statistically significant. Similarly, it was obtained that the wintering ability was not statistically significant by the region×altitude×year interaction. The only year×region interaction was statistically significant. Also, descriptive statistics obtained for the survivability of the colonies (%) during the first and second year was added statistically to this application. As a result, this work showed that migratory beekeepers could reevaluate the regions which have the microclimate properties in Aegean, Mediterranean, and the Black Sea. And new research should be made by adding different species of honeybees for the performance of overwintering in different climates

Neuromotor Development Evaluation of Preterm Babies Less than 34 Weeks of Gestation with Bayley III at 18-24 Months

Objectives. To assess and evaluate the risk factors affecting the neuromotor development of preterm babies at corrected age 18 to 24 months. Methods. Preterm babies≤34 weeks of gestational age (GA) who were born in our hospital between 2011 and 2014 were prospectively included in the study. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal features of the babies were recorded. Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), was applied at corrected age 18 to 24 months. Results. All data of 96 babies were obtained during the study, mean birth weight was 1542±518 g, and mean corrected age was 20.9±4.7 months. Cerebral palsy was found in 11 babies (11.5%). According to Bayley III scores, 13.5% cognitive delay, 19.8% language delay, and 33.3% motor delay rations were detected. A positive correlation was found between GA and motor composite scores (p=0.011). The mean motor composite score was lower in babies with the Apgar score less than 7 at 1st and 5th minutes (p=0.007 and p=0.003) and applied resuscitation in the delivery room (p=0.033). The mean language composite score was found to be higher in babies with antenatal steroid administration (p=0.003). A negative correlation was found between the motor composite score and the oxygen treatment time and mechanical ventilation support time (p=0.001 and p=0.007). Conclusion. In preterm babies less than 34 weeks, the birth weight, GA, Apgar score, oxygen treatment time, mechanical ventilation support time, and resuscitation in a delivery room were determined to affect the Bayley III motor score. Language development was found better in babies with antenatal steroid administration