Correlation between muscle strength and muscle mass, and their association with walking speed, in community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals.

We aimed to assess the correlation between muscle strength and muscle mass based on sex and age, and their association with walking speed, which is a health predictor for independent living, in elderly Japanese individuals.The participants included 318 (111 men, 207 women) community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals aged ≥65 years. Knee extension strength was assessed as an indicator of muscle strength, and bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure muscle mass. The maximum walking speed of participants was recorded. All measurements were categorized based on sex and age groups as follows: young-old (age, 65-74 years) and old-old (age, ≥75 years).Appendicular muscle mass and knee extension strength decreased with age in both men and women. In men, knee extension strength showed significant positive correlations with leg and appendicular muscle mass in both young-old and old-old age groups. However, in women, only the old-old age group showed significant positive correlations between knee extension strength and leg and appendicular muscle mass. Muscle strength was significantly positively correlated with maximum walking speed in all groups, whereas muscle mass was not significantly correlated with maximum walking speed in men and women.Muscle strength was significantly correlated with muscle mass in both age groups in men. However, in women, the correlation between muscle strength and muscle mass differed according to age. This finding suggests that the relationship between muscle strength and muscle mass differs according to sex and age. Muscle strength showed significant correlation with walking speed in both men and women in both age groups. These findings suggest that it is necessary to recognize that muscle strength is different from muscle mass, and that an individualized approach to prevent decline of muscle strength and muscle mass is necessary for health promotion in elderly

腹腔鏡下手術中に気胸および著明な皮下気腫を来たした症例

腹腔鏡下手術は,従来の開腹術にはみられない多彩な周術期合併症を引き起こす可能性がある.今回,鏡視下手術中経験した合併症を紹介する.(症例1)52歳女性.胆石・胆嚢炎に対し腹腔鏡下胆嚢摘出術が施行された.気腹20分後に経皮酸素飽和度が低下し血圧も低下した.胸部X線撮影で右気胸が確認された.胸腔ドレーンを挿入し呼吸状態は改善された.気胸の原因として,横隔膜の脆弱性が疑われた.(症例2)86歳女性.腹腔鏡下後腹膜到達法(retroperitoneal approach)で右腎癌に対して右腎臓摘出術が施行された.気腹後から呼気終末二酸化炭素分圧(PETCO_2)が急に上昇し換気条件を変更しても改善されなかった.皮下気腫を認め,徐々に広範となった.両側大腿部から頸部まで進展したため,手術後も皮下気腫が改善するまで気管内挿管下呼吸管理を行った.腹腔鏡下手術中は気胸,皮下気腫などの合併症が起こり換気障害を来たすことがあるので,早期発見につとめ,周術期も注意深く観察する必要がある.Laparoscopic surgery can cause various perioperative complications unassociated with conventional open surgery. We describe complications caused by laparoscopic surgery in 2 patients. Patient 1 was a 52-year-old woman who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones and cholecystitis. The percutaneous oxygen saturation and blood pressure decreased 20 minutes after the onset of pneumoperitoneum. A chest film confirmed a right-sided pneumothorax. Her respiratory status improved after placement of a drain in the thoracic cavity. Anatomical weakness of the diaphragm was suspected to have caused the pneumothorax. Patient 2 was an 86-year-old woman who underwent a laparoscopic nephrectomy via a retroperitoneal approach for cancer of the right kidney. After the induction of pneumoperitoneum, the end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO_2) rapidly increased and did not improve, even after altering the ventilation conditions. Subcutaneous emphysema developed and gradually extended from both thighs to the neck. After surgery, the patient received artificial ventilation through an endotracheal tube until the resolution of subcutaneous emphysema. Laparoscopic surgery can cause various complications, such as pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema, and result in ventilatory impairment. Patients who undergo laparoscopic surgery should be carefully monitored during the perioperative period to ensure early detection of potential complications

腹腔鏡下手術中に気胸および著明な皮下気腫を来たした症例

腹腔鏡下手術は,従来の開腹術にはみられない多彩な周術期合併症を引き起こす可能性がある.今回,鏡視下手術中経験した合併症を紹介する.(症例1)52歳女性.胆石・胆嚢炎に対し腹腔鏡下胆嚢摘出術が施行された.気腹20分後に経皮酸素飽和度が低下し血圧も低下した.胸部X線撮影で右気胸が確認された.胸腔ドレーンを挿入し呼吸状態は改善された.気胸の原因として,横隔膜の脆弱性が疑われた.(症例2)86歳女性.腹腔鏡下後腹膜到達法(retroperitoneal approach)で右腎癌に対して右腎臓摘出術が施行された.気腹後から呼気終末二酸化炭素分圧(PETCO_2)が急に上昇し換気条件を変更しても改善されなかった.皮下気腫を認め,徐々に広範となった.両側大腿部から頸部まで進展したため,手術後も皮下気腫が改善するまで気管内挿管下呼吸管理を行った.腹腔鏡下手術中は気胸,皮下気腫などの合併症が起こり換気障害を来たすことがあるので,早期発見につとめ,周術期も注意深く観察する必要がある.Laparoscopic surgery can cause various perioperative complications unassociated with conventional open surgery. We describe complications caused by laparoscopic surgery in 2 patients. Patient 1 was a 52-year-old woman who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones and cholecystitis. The percutaneous oxygen saturation and blood pressure decreased 20 minutes after the onset of pneumoperitoneum. A chest film confirmed a right-sided pneumothorax. Her respiratory status improved after placement of a drain in the thoracic cavity. Anatomical weakness of the diaphragm was suspected to have caused the pneumothorax. Patient 2 was an 86-year-old woman who underwent a laparoscopic nephrectomy via a retroperitoneal approach for cancer of the right kidney. After the induction of pneumoperitoneum, the end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO_2) rapidly increased and did not improve, even after altering the ventilation conditions. Subcutaneous emphysema developed and gradually extended from both thighs to the neck. After surgery, the patient received artificial ventilation through an endotracheal tube until the resolution of subcutaneous emphysema. Laparoscopic surgery can cause various complications, such as pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema, and result in ventilatory impairment. Patients who undergo laparoscopic surgery should be carefully monitored during the perioperative period to ensure early detection of potential complications

Relationships of age with knee extension strength and appendicular muscle mass in men.

<p>Relationships of age with knee extension strength and appendicular muscle mass in men.</p

Partial correlation coefficients between maximum walking speed, and muscle strength and muscle mass.

<p>Adjusted by age and height and weight.</p><p>*: p<0.05,</p><p>**: p<0.01.</p><p>Partial correlation coefficients between maximum walking speed, and muscle strength and muscle mass.</p

Partial correlation coefficients between muscle strength and muscle mass.

<p>Adjusted by age.</p><p>*: p<0.05,</p><p>**: p<0.01.</p><p>Partial correlation coefficients between muscle strength and muscle mass.</p