Antiproliferative Effect of Multiple Autocrine Loop Blockade in Human Malignant Glioma Cell Lines

The effects of specific antibodies against growth factors and receptors on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in two established human glioma cell lines, A172 and TM-1, were examined. Anti-platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), anti-basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) antibodies inhibited thymidine incorporation by both cell lines in serum-free medium. Antibody specific to transforming growth factor-α only slightly suppressed DNA synthesis by both cell lines. Although the antiproliferative effects of anti-PDGF and anti-bFGF antibodies decreased in serum-supplemented medium, the effect of anti-EGF-R antibody was little changed. The combination of anti-PDGF, anti-bFGF, and anti-EGF-R antibodies significantly inhibited thymidine incorporation by the two cell lines even in serum-supplemented medium. This preliminary study suggests that simultaneous blockade of multiple autocrine loops may provide a new approach to the treatment of human malignant gliomas. 成長因子と成長因子受容体に対する特異的抗体を用いて、ヒト培養グリオーマ細胞2株(A172, TM-1)の増殖抑制作用を検討した。抗PDGF、抗bFGF、抗EGF-Rは、単独で両グリオーマ細胞の無血清培地中におけるDNA合成を抑制した。これら抗体のDNA合成抑制作用は、前2者では血清添加培地中では減弱したが、抗EGF-Rの作用は変わらなかった。抗TGF-αのDNA合成抑制作用は弱く、血清添加培地中ではその作用は認められなかった。抗PDGF、抗bFGF、抗EGF-Rの3抗体を同時に作用させると両細胞のDNA合成は、血清添加培地中においても著しく抑制された。複数のオートクリンループを遮断することは、培養グリオーマ細胞の増殖抑制には有意義な手段であると考えられた

Extradural Optic Nerve Decompression for Fibrous Dysplasia with a Favorable Visual Outcome : Case Report

A 10-year-old boy with progressive left visual disturbance associated with craniobasal fibrous dysplasia underwent left frontotemporal craniotomy. Dysplastic lesions of the sphenoid ridge, orbital roof, anterior clinoid, and ethmoid sinus were removed through an extradural pterional approach and the optic nerve was completely decompressed. His vision was markedly improved postoperatively. Consecutive follow-up studies for 3 years have shown no deterioration of his visual acuity. Early optic nerve decompression is highly recommended to preserve visual function in patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia causing visual disturbance. 症例は10歳、男児。進行する左眼視力低下を主訴に入院した。神経放射線学的所見から頭蓋底部fibrous dysplasiaと診断し、左前頭側頭開頭を行った。硬膜外アプローチにて蝶形骨翼、眼窩上壁、前床突起、篩骨洞内に増殖した病的骨組織を切除し、左視神経管を解放し視神経を徐圧した。術後、左眼視力は劇的に改善しその後3年間にわたる経過観察期間中に視力の再増悪は認めていない。視力低下を主訴とする顔面頭蓋骨のfibrous dysplasiaの症例に対しては、早期の積極的な外科治療が行われるべきである

Elevated Plasma Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Brain Tumor Patients

We attempted to determine whether the plasma concentration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was elevated in brain tumor patients. The plasma concentration of bFGF was measured in 55brain tumor patients and 17 normal subjects by enzyme immunoassay. Upper limit of plasma bFGF in the normal subjects was 1.6 pg/ml. Elevated plasma bFGF levels were observed in 28 patients including 13 of 17 glioma patients, eight of 19 benign tumor patients, and seven of 19 malignant tumor patients. Twelve of 14 malignant glioma patients had elevated plasma bFGF levels. There was a good correlation (r = 0.42, p < 0.05) between the elevated plasma bFGF level and the tumor volume. Further studies are needed to determine whether the plasma bFGF level is a clinically useful diagnostic and prognostic marker for patients with brain tumors. 脳腫瘍患者の血漿中にbasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)が上昇しているかどうか検討した。対象は55例の脳腫瘍患者で、17名の健康成人をコントロールとした。健康成人の血漿bFGF値の上限は1.6pg/mlであり、脳腫瘍患者でこの値を超えたのは28例(51%)であった。これらの内訳は、グリオーマ患者17例中13例、良性腫瘍19例中8例、悪性腫瘍19例中7例で、特に悪性グリオーマでは14例中12例と高頻度であった。これら脳腫瘍患者では血数bFGF値とMRIから計測した腫瘍体積とはよく相関した。以上、血槃bFGF値は脳腫瘍患者の過半数で上昇していたが、腫瘍マーカーとしての有用性を示すためにはさらに検討が必要と考えられた

Endoscopic Aqueductal Plasty via the Fourth Ventricle Through the Cerebellar Hemisphere under Navigating System Guidance : Technical Note

A 1-year 8-month-old boy presented with isolated fourth ventricle after ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus assotiated with ventricular and subarachnoid hemorrhage.The therapeutic endoscope was inserted through the thin left cerebellar hemisphere.Endoscopic aqueductal plasty was performed via the enlarged fourth ventricle under guidance from a navigating system.Endoscopic aqueductal plasty via the fourth ventricle under navigating system guidance is a useful procedure enabling less invasive surgery for isolated fourth ventricle associated with slit-like ventricle after shunt placement