Confucius computer: a philosophical digital agent for intergenerational philosophical play

Confucianism is commonly defined as “... a system of philosophical, ethical and political thought based on the teachings of Confucius,” which originated through the teachings of Confucius during the sixth-century BCE. It is a way of life or a philosophy of human nature that considers human relationships as the foundation of the society. Confucius teachings had highly influenced the development of several cultures in Asia, making Confucianism an intangible cultural heritage. In this paper, we are re-acquainting users with an intangible heritage that is part of their everyday, by developing a system that permits experiencing Confucius teachings virtually and interactively. The system can measure philosophical intent of the human and generate meaningful philosophical answers. It is also aimed for intergenerational sharing of Confucius heritage through a simple interactive process with the virtual sage making the experience enjoyable and entertaining. Previous research in natural language processing (NLP) mainly focused on the understanding and delivering of human natural language accurately. In this research, we explored how to apply NLP to model the knowledge and teachings of Confucius, through the natural conversation between human and computer. This virtual Confucius, a chat agent that generates outputs based on Confucius teachings, using a series of algorithms and techniques to improve the matching accuracy between user input and computer output, introduces a novel way of interacting with intangible cultures. Our user evaluation results revealed that there is a positive correlation between relevance and enjoyment, finding their experiences interacting with virtual Confucius very encouraging. Adults who participated in experiencing the virtual Confucius together with their children believed that this system has the potential to improve intergenerational interactions through shared play

The effect of a nation-specific stressor on well-being: Guanxi in Chinese workplace

This study differentiates between task resources and social resources and extends the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model with guanxi exchange. This is a typical Chinese form of social exchange between the employee and his or her supervisor that is based on the give-and-take of favors. Hypotheses were tested in two Chinese samples of police officers (N = 466) and nurses (N = 261). Multigroup structural equation analyses supported the distinction between social resources and task resources. Task resources predicted well-being in nurses, whereas social resources predicted well-being in police officers. Further, guanxi exchange with supervisors was associated with social as well as with task resources. Moreover, in nurses guanxi exchange was related with engagement, whereas in police officers it was related with burnout. In conclusion: (1) task and social resources are two distinct types of job resources that play a slightly different role in a law enforcement as compared to a health care setting; (2) guanxi exchange can be integrated into the JD-R model, thereby increasing its relevance for the Chinese work context